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  • 2001
  • Case

Encyclopedia Britannica (C)

By: Vijay Govindarajan and Praveen Kopalle
In October of 1999, EBI offered a new Internet service at www.britannica.com. EBI provided access to the entire text and graphics of Encyclopedia Britannica absolutely free of charge. Its revenues came from on-line advertising, sponsorships, and a percentage of goods... View Details
Keywords: Online Technology; Online Advertising; Business Strategy; Information Publishing; Web Services Industry
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  • 2001
  • Case

Encyclopedia Britannica (B)

By: Vijay Govindarajan and Praveen Kopalle
In response to the threat from Encarta (Microsoft), Encyclopedia Britannica (EBI) published its text on a two-CD set that was offered free to consumers who purchased the print set and charged $995 if the consumer wanted solely to purchase the CD. By 1996, the company... View Details
Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Software; Acquisition; Information Publishing
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  • 2016
  • Working Paper

The Reference Wars: Encyclopedia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence

By: Shane Greenstein
The experience of Encyclopædia Britannica provides the canonical example of the decline of an established firm at the outset of the digital age. Competition from Microsoft's Encarta in 1993 led to sharp declines in the sales of books, which led to the distressed sale... View Details
Keywords: Market Entry and Exit; Service Operations; Emerging Markets; Applications and Software; Books; Information Technology Industry; Information Industry
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  • May 2017
  • Article

The Reference Wars: Encyclopædia Britannica's Decline and Encarta's Emergence

By: Shane Greenstein
The experience of Encyclopædia Britannica provides the canonical example of the decline of an established firm at the outset of the digital age. Competition from Microsoft’s Encarta in 1993 led to sharp declines in the sales of books, which led to the distressed sale... View Details
Keywords: Digital; Britannica; Diseconomies; Encyclopedias; Applications and Software; Books; Competition; Publishing Industry
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  • 2001
  • Case

Encylopedia Britannica (A)

By: Vijay Govindarajan and Praveen Kopalle
Two Scotsmen, Colin Macfarquhar, a printer, and Andrew Bell, an engraver, formed a partnership in 1768 to publish a "Dictionary of Arts and Sciences." The initial three-volume set was published as Encyclopedia Britannica. By 1990, consumers were purchasing the volumes... View Details
Keywords: Competition; Software; Books; Information Publishing; Publishing Industry
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  • 23 Jul 2007
  • Research & Ideas

HBS Cases: How Wikipedia Works (or Doesn’t)

HBS professor Andy McAfee had his doubts about Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia created and maintained by volunteers. "I just didn't think it could yield a good outcome or a good encyclopedia. But I started consulting it and reading the... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne; Publishing
  • September 2018
  • Article

Do Experts or Crowd-Based Models Produce More Bias? Evidence from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia

By: Shane Greenstein and Feng Zhu
Organizations today can use both crowds and experts to produce knowledge. While prior work compares the accuracy of crowd-produced and expert-produced knowledge, we compare bias in these two models in the context of contested knowledge, which involves subjective,... View Details
Keywords: Online Community; Collective Intelligence; Wisdom Of Crowds; Bias; Wikipedia; Britannica; Knowledge Production; Knowledge Sharing; Knowledge Dissemination; Prejudice and Bias
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  • 2011
  • Article

Group Size and Incentives to Contribute: A Natural Experiment at Chinese Wikipedia

By: Michael Zhang and Feng Zhu
In this paper, we examine the causal relationship between group size and incentives to contribute in the setting of Chinese Wikipedia, the Chinese language version of an online encyclopedia that relies entirely on voluntary contributions. The group at Chinese Wikipedia... View Details
Keywords: Rights; Motivation and Incentives; Internet and the Web; Valuation; Groups and Teams; Knowledge Sharing; Behavior; Satisfaction; Size; Government and Politics; Economics; Information Technology Industry; Hong Kong; Taiwan; Singapore
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  • May 2012 (Revised January 2013)
  • Case

Wikipedia: Project Esperanza

By: Mikolaj Jan Piskorski, Andreea Gorbatai and Tiona Zuzul
In October 2006, Wikipedia was the largest volunteer-run on-line encyclopedia which could be freely read and edited by anyone with internet access. Within almost six years of its founding in 2001, the project had attracted hundreds of thousands of editors who had... View Details
Keywords: Web-enabled Application; Internet; Information Publishing; Social and Collaborative Networks; Groups and Teams; Publishing Industry; United States
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  • 29 Apr 2014
  • First Look

First Look: April 29

http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/bgjs13_84709dcc-425f-4fe2-8600-0f8cbb50be16.pdf August 2013 The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management The Case Method By: Bower, Joseph L. Abstract—The case method was developed... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 19 Jan 2015
  • Research & Ideas

Is Wikipedia More Biased Than Encyclopædia Britannica?

Wikipedia, the free, crowd-sourced encyclopedia that since its inception in 2001 had rapidly become the new go-to source for knowledge. “Most of the topics of content we are dealing with on a daily basis do not have a verifiable answer”... View Details
Keywords: by Michael Blanding; Publishing
  • 20 Oct 2010
  • Op-Ed

Export Competitiveness: Reversing the Logic

Springer Publishing, forthcoming 2010. Ketels, Christian (2002), Export-Led Development, in: Encyclopedia of Modern Asia, Charles Scribner's Sons Publishing, New York, 2002. Looney,Robert (2004), Thaksinomics: A New Asian Paradigm?,... View Details
Keywords: by Christian Ketels
  • 12 Feb 2013
  • First Look

First Look: Feb. 12

Publication:Wiley Encyclopedia of Management Abstract Now in its third edition, this multi-volume Encyclopedia of Management has been revised and updated to chart the major developments that have occurred in... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 06 May 2014
  • First Look

First Look: May 6

structure. Publisher's link: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1042957314000138 August 2013 The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management Network Effects By: Hagiu, Andrei, and David B. Yoffie Abstract—Network effects... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 02 Jan 2008
  • Research & Ideas

Most Popular Stories 2007

2.0" turned up on the online encyclopedia one day—and was recommended for deletion—McAfee and colleague Karim R. Lakhani knew they had the makings of an insightful case study on collaboration and governance in the digital world.... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne
  • 12 May 2003
  • Research & Ideas

How Hot is the “Hot Spot” Business?

information" issued until that moment, from the Encyclopedia Britannica to audio and video. "I think it will be a radical change toward much, much more information and user empowerment. I believe that business models will emerge... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne & Martha Lagace; Technology; Communications; Telecommunications
  • 12 Jul 2011
  • First Look

First Look: July 12

  PublicationsBlending Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research Authors:Amy C. Edmondson and Tiona Zuzul Publication:In Encyclopedia of Strategic Management, edited by D. Teece and M. Augier. London: Palgrave,... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel
  • 10 Oct 2017
  • First Look

First Look at New Research and Ideas, October 10, 2017

had from such a historical understanding of political economy and of power in an economic age. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=53309 forthcoming Encyclopedia of International Economics and Global Trade,... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 23 Dec 2014
  • First Look

First Look: December 23

thwart its Level II opponents. Publisher's link: http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/14-091_6caacd58-20c1-4257-9be5-204972ad4b4c.pdf December 2014 International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences Negotiations:... View Details
Keywords: Carmen Nobel
  • 08 Jun 2009
  • Research & Ideas

The Return of the Salesman

within the broader themes of history, including society, politics, culture, and gender. How, for instance, did the experience of women working for Avon differ from those of men working at Encyclopedia Britannica or other sales-oriented... View Details
Keywords: by Sean Silverthorne; Retail

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