All applicants are required to take either the Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT) or the General Test of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). The admissions committee does not have a preference in tests. There is no minimum test score requirement, but typically successful applicants score in the 80th percentile or higher. Submitted test scores are valid for no longer than five years. You may submit scores from tests taken no earlier than January 5, 2020. We accept both valid GMAT 10th Edition scores and scores from the new GMAT Focus exams. As writing is an essential component of the PhD program, all students must submit an official writing assessment. As the GMAT Focus lacks a writing section, HBS will contact you at the interview stage about taking the separate GMAC Business Writing Assessment if you submit a GMAT Focus score.