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- Article
Consistent Belief in a Good True Self in Misanthropes and Three Interdependent Cultures
By: Julian De Freitas, Hagop Sarkissian, George E. Newman, Igor Grossman, Felipe De Brigard, Andres Luco and Joshua Knobe
People sometimes explain behavior by appealing to an essentialist concept of the self, often
referred to as the true self. Existing studies suggest that people tend to believe that the true self is
morally virtuous; that is deep inside, every person is motivated to... View Details
Keywords: Concepts; Social Cognition; Moral Reasoning; True Self; Culture; Misanthropy; Behavior; Values and Beliefs; Moral Sensibility
De Freitas, Julian, Hagop Sarkissian, George E. Newman, Igor Grossman, Felipe De Brigard, Andres Luco, and Joshua Knobe. "Consistent Belief in a Good True Self in Misanthropes and Three Interdependent Cultures." Cognitive Science 42, no. S1 (2018): 134–160.
- Article
Deep Down My Enemy Is Good: Thinking about the True Self Reduces Intergroup Bias
By: Julian De Freitas and Mina Cikara
Intergroup bias—preference for one's in-group relative to out-groups—is one of the most robust phenomena in all of psychology. Here we investigate whether a positive bias that operates at the individual-level, belief in a good true self, may be leveraged to reduce... View Details
De Freitas, Julian, and Mina Cikara. "Deep Down My Enemy Is Good: Thinking about the True Self Reduces Intergroup Bias." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 74 (January 2018): 307–316.
- Article
Origins of the Belief in Good True Selves
By: Julian De Freitas, Mina Cikara, Igor Grossman and Rebecca Schlegel
Despite differences in beliefs about the self across cultures and relevant individual differences, recent evidence suggests that people universally believe in a ‘true self’ that is morally good. We propose that this belief arises from a general tendency: psychological... View Details
De Freitas, Julian, Mina Cikara, Igor Grossman, and Rebecca Schlegel. "Origins of the Belief in Good True Selves." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 21, no. 9 (September 2017): 634–636.
- 2015
- Article
Beliefs About the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment
By: George E. Newman, Julian De Freitas and Joshua Knobe
Past research has identified a number of asymmetries based on moral judgments. Beliefs about
(a) what a person values, (b) whether a person is happy, (c) whether a person has shown weakness
of will, and (d) whether a person deserves praise or blame seem to depend... View Details
Keywords: Concepts; Social Cognition; Moral Reasoning; True Self; Values; Weakness Of Will; Blame; Values and Beliefs; Identity; Moral Sensibility; Happiness
Newman, George E., Julian De Freitas, and Joshua Knobe. "Beliefs About the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment." Cognitive Science 39, no. 1 (2015): 96–125.
- 2014
- Conference Presentation
Beliefs about the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment
By: J. E. Newman, J. De Freitas and J. Knobe
- Article
Normative Judgments and Individual Essence
By: Julian De Freitas, Kevin P. Tobia, George E. Newman and Joshua Knobe
A growing body of research has examined how people judge the persistence of identity over
time—that is, how they decide that a particular individual is the same entity from one time to the
next. While a great deal of progress has been made in understanding the types... View Details
Keywords: Concepts; Essentialism; Normative Factors; Persistence; True Self; Morality; Identity; Moral Sensibility; Perception
De Freitas, Julian, Kevin P. Tobia, George E. Newman, and Joshua Knobe. "Normative Judgments and Individual Essence." Cognitive Science 41, no. S3 (2017): 382–402.
- 2015
- Book
Presence: Bringing Your Boldest Self to Your Biggest Challenges
By: Amy Cuddy
We often meet life's challenges with fear and anxiety. We fail to be our best and end up feeling regretful and powerless. In Presence, Amy Cuddy presents a scientifically grounded way to align our speech and nonverbal behavior with our beliefs, abilities, and... View Details
Cuddy, Amy. Presence: Bringing Your Boldest Self to Your Biggest Challenges. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2015.
- 2021
- Article
To Thine Own Self Be True? Incentive Problems in Personalized Law
By: Jordan M. Barry, John William Hatfield and Scott Duke Kominers
Recent years have seen an explosion of scholarship on “personalized law.” Commentators foresee a world in which regulators armed with big data and machine learning techniques determine the optimal legal rule for every regulated party, then instantaneously disseminate... View Details
Keywords: Personalized Law; Regulation; Regulatory Avoidance; Regulatory Arbitrage; Law And Economics; Law And Technology; Law And Artificial Intelligence; Futurism; Moral Hazard; Elicitation; Signaling; Privacy; Law; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Information Technology; AI and Machine Learning
Barry, Jordan M., John William Hatfield, and Scott Duke Kominers. "To Thine Own Self Be True? Incentive Problems in Personalized Law." Art. 2. William & Mary Law Review 62, no. 3 (2021).
- July 2015
- Article
The Moral Virtue of Authenticity: How Inauthenticity Produces Feelings of Immorality and Impurity
By: F. Gino, Maryam Kouchaki and Adam D. Galinsky
The current research demonstrates that authenticity is directly linked to morality. Across five experiments, we found that experiencing inauthenticity consistently led participants to feel more immoral and impure. This inauthenticity→feeling immoral link produced an... View Details
Gino, F., Maryam Kouchaki, and Adam D. Galinsky. "The Moral Virtue of Authenticity: How Inauthenticity Produces Feelings of Immorality and Impurity." Psychological Science 26, no. 7 (July 2015): 983–996.
- 2003
- Conference Paper
Follow the Money: What Really Drives Technology Innovation in Construction
By: John D. Macomber
Technology enthusiasts, academics, and software companies remain concerned about the slow pace of innovation in the construction industry. Tools are widely available that seem to provide eminently sensible and clearly apparent improvement to the process of design and... View Details
Keywords: Buildings and Facilities; Technological Innovation; Construction; Design; Performance Improvement; Motivation and Incentives; Knowledge Management; Adoption; Business Model; Capital Structure; Supply Chain
Macomber, John D. "Follow the Money: What Really Drives Technology Innovation in Construction." Paper presented at the American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003.
- 06 Jul 2016
- Research & Ideas
The Truth About Authentic Leaders
the truth. My colleagues at HBS are working on the challenges of being authentic, such as how and when to be vulnerable, cognitive distortions, making meaning of who we are by integrating the constructed self with the View Details
Keywords: by Bill George
- 27 Sep 2021
- Research & Ideas
Managers, Your Employees Don’t Want to Be Facebook ‘Friends’
enact because you’re getting mixed messages in society,” says Rothbard. “On one hand, we’re told to blur those boundaries and show us who you are—your true authentic self. On the other hand, sometimes we do that, and people don’t like who... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Kim Raczka
- 20 Jun 2005
- Research & Ideas
Creating a Positive Professional Image
and credibility influence the positive outcomes of impression management attempts? A: In order to create a positive professional image, impression management must effectively accomplish two tasks: build credibility and maintain authenticity. When you present yourself... View Details
Keywords: by Mallory Stark
- 03 Oct 2023
- Research Event
Build the Life You Want: Arthur Brooks and Oprah Winfrey Share Happiness Tips
those things, quite frankly. And, and, so this is important for us to keep in mind because the truth of the matter is that that's true for all of us. That if we don't, if we want to be fully alive then we need to embrace the fact that we... View Details
Keywords: by HBS Staff
- 31 Aug 2021
- Book
Feeling Powerless at Work? Time to Agitate, Innovate, and Orchestrate
not,” the authors write. “This is true for organizations as much as it is for every one of us. Even those who are so powerful that we view them as power personified do not own power.” Collective action is key The authors warn that too... View Details
Keywords: by Jay Fitzgerald
- 06 Jun 2016
- Research & Ideas
Skills and Behaviors that Make Entrepreneurs Successful
Owners & Entrepreneurs. The answers are already starting to come in, thanks to initial results from a pilot test of “The Entrepreneurial Leader: Self Assessment” survey taken by 1,300 HBS alumni. Results allowed the researchers to... View Details
Keywords: by HBS Working Knowledge
- 10 Mar 2020
- Research & Ideas
The Little Understood Problem Confronting Diverse Workplaces
this way, tutors managed to walk the line—performing their role as an authority figure while accounting for their sense of self as well as that of their students. Reid says tutors engaged in this activity largely without tools or guidance... View Details
Keywords: by Julia Hanna
- 10 Nov 2015
- Op-Ed
Authentic Leadership Rediscovered
organizations who have a deep sense of purpose and are true to their core values who have the courage to build their companies to meet the needs of all their stakeholders, and who recognize the importance of their service to... View Details
Keywords: by Bill George
- 10 Mar 2021
- Research & Ideas
Key to Doing Your Best at Work? Be Yourself
John, the charismatic chief marketing officer of Netflix (once described by Buzzfeed as the “coolest” person to ever go onstage at an Apple event). Research shows being true to who you are leads to greater professional performance and... View Details
Keywords: by Christina Pazzanese, Harvard Gazette
- 16 Aug 2006
- Research & Ideas
Is MySpace.com Your Space?
MySpace puts the power of individual identity in play. You're not anonymous on a social networking site—you're exactly the opposite. You're presenting a managed self to the world. Q: These sites often have wonderful demographics from an... View Details