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  • 2013
  • Working Paper

Span of Control and Span of Attention

By: Oriana Bandiera, Andrea Prat, Raffaella Sadun and Julie Wulf
Using novel data on CEO time use, we document the relationship between the size and composition of the executive team and the attention of the CEO. We combine information about CEO span of control for a sample of 65 companies with detailed data on how CEOs allocate... View Details
Keywords: Conferences; Analytics and Data Science; Leadership Style; Management Style; Managerial Roles; Time Management; Planning
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  • 2014
  • Article

Attentional Rhythm: A Temporal Analogue of Object-Based Attention

By: Julian De Freitas, Brandon Liverence and Brian J. Scholl
The underlying units of attention are often discrete visual objects. Perhaps the clearest form of evidence for this is the same-object advantage: Following a spatial cue, responses are faster to probes occurring on the same object than they are to probes occurring on... View Details
Keywords: Object-based Attention; Rhythm; Music Perception; Auditory Perception
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  • 2023
  • Working Paper

Channeled Attention and Stable Errors

By: Tristan Gagnon-Bartsch, Matthew Rabin and Joshua Schwartzstein
We develop a framework for assessing when somebody will eventually notice that she has a misspecified model of the world, premised on the idea that she neglects information that she deems—through the lens of her misconceptions—to be irrelevant. In doing so, we... View Details
Keywords: Attentional Stability; Cognition and Thinking; Attitudes; Information; Theory
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  • November 2010 (Revised December 2015)
  • Background Note

Spans of Control and Accountability

By: Eugene F. Soltes
Overview of Spans of Control and Accountability. View Details
Keywords: Organizational Design
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  • 2013
  • Working Paper

Asset Price Dynamics with Limited Attention

By: Mark Seasholes, Terrence Hendershott, Sunny X. Li and Albert J. Menkveld
This paper studies the role that limited attention and inefficient risk sharing play in stock price deviations from the efficient prices at horizons from one day to one month. We expand the Due (2010) slow-moving capital model to analyze multiple groups of investors... View Details
Keywords: Transitory Volatility; Limited Attention; Individuals; Market Makers; Asset Pricing; Financial Markets; Volatility
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  • 11 Feb 2014
  • News

Goldfish have longer attention spans than Americans, and the publishing industry knows it

    The Entrepreneurial Gap: How Managers Adjust Span of Accountability and Span of Control to Implement Business Strategy

    This HBS working paper focuses on the relationship between business strategy, organization structure, and diagnostic control systems. The project analyzes data from 75 field studies to illustrate how managers adjust span of accountability and span of control to... View Details

    • 2016
    • Working Paper

    The Empirical Economics of Online Attention

    By: Andre Boik, Shane Greenstein and Jeffrey Prince
    In several markets, firms compete not for consumer expenditure but instead for consumer attention. We model and characterize how households allocate their scarce attention in arguably the largest market for attention: the Internet. Our characterization of household... View Details
    Keywords: Internet and the Web; Competition; Behavior; Resource Allocation; Household; Cognition and Thinking
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    • Research Summary

    Advertising and the Economics of Attention

    Using novel technologies, such as eye- and face-tracking, to gauge attentional and emotional (facial) reactions to advertising, Professor Teixeira studies how advertising effectiveness can be optimized. Through complex statistical models of consumer response, he... View Details
    • 24 Jun 2013
    • Working Paper Summaries

    The Entrepreneurial Gap: How Managers Adjust Span of Accountability and Span of Control to Implement Business Strategy

    Keywords: by Robert L. Simons
    • 2021
    • Working Paper

    Public Disclosure of Private Meetings: Does Observing Peers' Information Acquisition Affect Analysts' Attention Allocation?

    By: Yi Ru, Ronghuo Zheng and Yuan Zou
    We investigate the impact of observing peers’ information acquisition on financial analysts’ attention allocation. Using the timely disclosure mandate by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange as a setting, we find that, when analysts can observe that a firm is visited by other... View Details
    Keywords: Attention Allocation; Informational Efficiency; Corporate Site Visits; Externalities; Information; Acquisition; Corporate Disclosure; Outcome or Result
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    • September 2016 (Revised January 2018)
    • Module Note

    Strategy Execution Module 4: Organizing for Performance

    By: Robert Simons
    This module reading explores the implications of different business models on organization design. After discussing the distinction between units focused on work processes and those devoted to markets, the analysis provides insight as to when to organize businesses by... View Details
    Keywords: Management Control Systems; Implementing Strategy; Execution; Customer Focused Organization; Specialization; Span Of Control; Span Of Accountability; Span Of Attention; Strategy; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure
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    • 17 Aug 2016
    • Working Paper Summaries

    The Empirical Economics of Online Attention

    Keywords: by Andre Boik, Shane Greenstein, and Jeffrey Prince; Media & Broadcasting
    • Sep 2007 - 2007
    • Conference Presentation

    Antecedents of Boundary Spanning in Cross-functional NPD Teams

    By: James R. Dillon, Shikhar Sarin and Amy C. Edmondson
    Boundary spanning has been shown in prior research to enhance innovativeness and performance of product development teams. In this study, we examine team conditions that foster boundary spanning behavior. We analyze survey data from 207 members of 54 cross-functional... View Details
    Keywords: Product Development; Innovation and Invention; Groups and Teams; Behavior; Performance Improvement; Boundaries; Leadership Style; Product; Complexity; Integration; Power and Influence
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    • 2012
    • Conference Presentation

    Attentional Rhythm: A Temporal Analogue of Object-based Attention

    By: J. De Freitas, B. Liverence and B. J. Scholl
    Related

      The Rising Cost of Consumer Attention

      Attention is a necessary ingredient for effective advertising. The market for consumer attention (or “eyeballs”) has become so competitive that attention can be regarded as a currency. The rising cost of this ingredient in the marketplace is causing marketers to... View Details

      • 09 Apr 2012
      • News

      Diagnosing Your Top Team's Span of Control

      • March 1981
      • Article

      Characteristics and External Orientation of Boundary Spanning Individuals

      By: Michael Tushman and Thomas Scanlan
      Related
      • Research Summary

      Selective Attention and Learning

      By: Joshua R. Schwartzstein

      What do we notice, and how does this affect what we learn? Standard economic models of learning ignore memory by assuming that we remember everything. But there is growing recognition that memory is imperfect. Further, memory imperfections do not stem from limited... View Details

      • Research Summary

      Attention Arousal Through Price Partitioning

      Existing evidence suggests that preferences are affected by whether a price is presented as one all-inclusive expense or partitioned into a set of mandatory charges. To explain this phenomenon, we introduce a new mechanism whereby price partitioning affects a consumers... View Details