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- 2021
- Working Paper
Salience
By: Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer
We review the fast-growing work on salience and economic behavior. Psychological research shows that salient stimuli attract human attention “bottom up” due to their high contrast with surroundings, their surprising nature relative to recalled experiences, or their... View Details
Keywords: Salience; Economic Behavior; Bottom Up Attention; Microeconomics; Decision Making; Behavior
Bordalo, Pedro, Nicola Gennaioli, and Andrei Shleifer. "Salience." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29274, September 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Issue Salience and Political Stereotypes
By: Pedro Bordalo, Marco Tabellini and David Yang
U.S. voters exaggerate the differences in attitudes held by Republicans and Democrats on a range of socioeconomic and political issues, and higher perceived polarization is associated with greater political engagement and affective polarization. In this paper, we... View Details
- March 2017
- Article
Entrepreneurial Beacons: The Yale Endowment, Run-ups, and the Growth of Venture Capital
By: Y. Sekou Bermiss, Benjamin J. Hallen, Rory McDonald and Emily Cox Pahnke
This paper investigates the social context of entrepreneurship in organizational sectors. Prior research suggests that firm foundings are driven by collective patterns of activity—that is, by patterns of prior foundings—including support from related markets as well as... View Details
Keywords: Signals; Social Salience; Venture Capital; Higher Education; Organizations; Entrepreneurship; Investment
Bermiss, Y. Sekou, Benjamin J. Hallen, Rory McDonald, and Emily Cox Pahnke. "Entrepreneurial Beacons: The Yale Endowment, Run-ups, and the Growth of Venture Capital." Strategic Management Journal 38, no. 3 (March 2017): 545–565.
- December 2002
- Article
Identity Salience and the Influence of Differential Activation of the Social Self-Schema on Advertising Response
By: Mark R. Forehand, Rohit Deshpandé and Americus Reed III
Forehand, Mark R., Rohit Deshpandé, and Americus Reed III. "Identity Salience and the Influence of Differential Activation of the Social Self-Schema on Advertising Response." Journal of Applied Psychology 87, no. 6 (December 2002): 1086–1099.
- 14 Mar 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
The Role of Incentive Salience in Habit Formation
- 2017
- Working Paper
Salience through Information Technology: The Effect of Balance Availability on the Smoothing of SNAP Benefits
By: Andrew Hillis
Recipients of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) run out of most benefits before halfway through a benefit deposit cycle. I study the introduction of a mobile software application, Fresh EBT, that enables beneficiaries to check their available balance... View Details
Hillis, Andrew. "Salience through Information Technology: The Effect of Balance Availability on the Smoothing of SNAP Benefits." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-038, October 2017.
- Article
(When) Are Religious People Nicer? Religious Salience and the 'Sunday Effect' on Pro-social Behavior
By: Deepak Malhotra
Prior research has found mixed evidence for the long-theorized link between religiosity and pro-social behavior. To help overcome this divergence, we hypothesize that pro-social behavior is linked not to religiosity per se, but rather to the salience of religion and... View Details
Keywords: Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Auctions; Bids and Bidding; Religion; Behavior; Societal Protocols
Malhotra, Deepak. "(When) Are Religious People Nicer? Religious Salience and the 'Sunday Effect' on Pro-social Behavior." Judgment and Decision Making 5, no. 2 (April 2010): 138–143.
- March 2014
- Article
Cheating More for Less: Upward Social Comparisons Motivate the Poorly Compensated to Cheat
By: Leslie K. John, George Loewenstein and Scott Rick
Intuitively, people should cheat more when cheating is more lucrative, but we find that the effect of performance-based pay rates on dishonesty depends on how readily people can compare their pay rate to that of others. In Experiment 1, participants were paid 5 cents... View Details
Keywords: Dishonesty; Social Comparison; Pay Secrecy; Motivation and Incentives; Fairness; Decision Making; Compensation and Benefits
John, Leslie K., George Loewenstein, and Scott Rick. "Cheating More for Less: Upward Social Comparisons Motivate the Poorly Compensated to Cheat." Special Issue on Behavioral Ethics. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 123, no. 2 (March 2014): 101–109.
- 01 Nov 1980
- Conference Presentation
Value Change and the Public Workforce: Labor Force Trends and the Salience of Opportunity and Power
By: R. M. Kanter and B. A. Stein
Kanter, R. M., and B. A. Stein. "Value Change and the Public Workforce: Labor Force Trends and the Salience of Opportunity and Power." Paper presented at the Public Management Research Conference, U.S. Office of Personnel Management, Washington, DC, November 01, 1980. (Also in The Changing Character of the Public Workforce. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Office of Personnel Management, 1981, pp. 66-80 (with B.A. Stein). Reprintings include Current Issues in Public Administration, edited by F.S. Lane. N. Y.: St. Martins, 1982; Developing Organizational and Human Resources in the Turbulent 1980s, edited by D.B. Gutknecht and J. Loorum. University Press of America, 1984.)
- July 2012
- Article
iPhones for Friends, Refrigerators for Family: How Products Prime Social Networks
By: Lalin Anik and Michael I. Norton
We show that priming consumers with products associated with specific social networks increases the salience of those networks, influencing both word-of-mouth intentions and consumption. Consumers were exposed to friend- or family-related products (e.g., game consoles... View Details
Keywords: Family and Family Relationships; Product; Customers; Familiarity; Social and Collaborative Networks
Anik, Lalin, and Michael I. Norton. "iPhones for Friends, Refrigerators for Family: How Products Prime Social Networks." Social Influence 7, no. 3 (July 2012): 154–171.
- 2014
- Other Article
Communicating Change: When Identity Becomes a Source of Vulnerability for Institutional Challengers
By: Ryann Elizabeth Manning, Julie Battilana and Lakshmi Ramarajan
Social movements challenge institutions through two related communication processes: articulating collective action frames and constructing collective movement identity. We argue that frames not only express movement identity, but also provide openings through which... View Details
Keywords: Identity Threat; Institutional Change; Social Movements; Framing; Social Issues; Identity; Organizational Culture; Change
Manning, Ryann Elizabeth, Julie Battilana, and Lakshmi Ramarajan. "Communicating Change: When Identity Becomes a Source of Vulnerability for Institutional Challengers." Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings (2014): 453–458.
- Article
Contagion and Differentiation in Unethical Behavior: The Effect of One Bad Apple on the Barrel
By: F. Gino, S. Ayal and D. Ariely
In a world where encounters with dishonesty are frequent, it is important to know if exposure to other people's unethical behavior can increase or decrease an individual's dishonesty. In Experiment 1, our confederate cheated ostentatiously by finishing a task... View Details
Gino, F., S. Ayal, and D. Ariely. "Contagion and Differentiation in Unethical Behavior: The Effect of One Bad Apple on the Barrel." Psychological Science 20, no. 3 (March 2009): 393–398.
- 2021
- Working Paper
First Law of Motion: Influencer Video Advertising on TikTok
By: Jeremy Yang, Juanjuan Zhang and Yuhan Zhang
This paper engineers an intuitive feature that is predictive of the causal effect of influencer video advertising on product sales. We propose the concept of m-score, a summary statistic that captures the extent to which a product is advertised in the most engaging... View Details
Keywords: Influencer Advertising; Video Advertising; Computer Vision; Machine Learning; Advertising; Online Technology
Yang, Jeremy, Juanjuan Zhang, and Yuhan Zhang. "First Law of Motion: Influencer Video Advertising on TikTok." Working Paper, March 2021.
- 08 Mar 2016
- First Look
March 8, 2016
Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50690 2016 Handbook of Media Economics User-Generated Content and Social Media By: Luca, Michael Abstract—This paper documents what economists have learned about... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- 2012
- Article
The Two Facets of Collaboration: Cooperation and Coordination in Strategic Alliances
By: Ranjay Gulati, Franz Wohlgezogen and Pavel Zhelyazkov
This paper unpacks two underspecified facets of collaboration: cooperation and coordination. Prior research has emphasized cooperation, and specifically the partners' commitment and alignment of interests, as the key determinant of collaborative success. Scholars have... View Details
Gulati, Ranjay, Franz Wohlgezogen, and Pavel Zhelyazkov. "The Two Facets of Collaboration: Cooperation and Coordination in Strategic Alliances." Academy of Management Annals 6 (2012): 531–583.
- Article
The Pot Calling the Kettle Black: Distancing Response to Ethical Dissonance
By: R. Barkan, S. Ayal, F. Gino and D. Ariely
Six studies demonstrate the "pot calling the kettle black" phenomenon whereby people are guilty of the very fault they identify in others. Recalling an undeniable ethical failure, people experience ethical dissonance between their moral values and their behavioral... View Details
Keywords: Ethical Dissonance; Cognitive Dissonance; Moral Judgment; Impression Management; Unethical Behavior; Values and Beliefs; Moral Sensibility; Cognition and Thinking; Research; Behavior; Judgments
Barkan, R., S. Ayal, F. Gino, and D. Ariely. "The Pot Calling the Kettle Black: Distancing Response to Ethical Dissonance." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 141, no. 4 (November 2012): 757–773.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: Self-Preservation through Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting
By: Lisa L. Shu, Francesca Gino and Max H. Bazerman
People routinely engage in dishonest acts without feeling guilty about their behavior. When and why does this occur? Across four studies, people justified their dishonest deeds through moral disengagement and exhibited motivated forgetting of information that might... View Details
Shu, Lisa L., Francesca Gino, and Max H. Bazerman. "Dishonest Deed, Clear Conscience: Self-Preservation through Moral Disengagement and Motivated Forgetting ." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-078, January 2009. (Revised April 2009.)
- 2015
- Working Paper
Do-gooders and Go-getters: Career Incentives, Selection, and Performance in Public Service Delivery
By: Nava Ashraf, Oriana Bandiera and Scott S. Lee
We study how career incentives affect who selects into public health jobs and, through selection, their performance while in service. We collaborate with the Government of Zambia to experimentally vary the salience of career incentives in a newly created health worker... View Details
Ashraf, Nava, Oriana Bandiera, and Scott S. Lee. "Do-gooders and Go-getters: Career Incentives, Selection, and Performance in Public Service Delivery." Working Paper, March 2015.
- February 2014
- Article
Gender Differences in Willingness to Guess
We present the results of an experiment that explores whether women are less willing than men to guess on multiple-choice tests. Our test consists of practice questions from SAT II subject tests; we vary whether a penalty is imposed for a wrong answer and the salience... View Details
Keywords: Behavioral Decision Making; Microeconomic Behavior; Education Systems; Behavior; Decision Choices and Conditions; Gender; Economics
Coffman, Katherine Baldiga. "Gender Differences in Willingness to Guess." Management Science 60, no. 2 (February 2014): 434–448.
- April 2011
- Article
What Can We Learn from 'Great Negotiations'?
What can one legitimately learn-analytically and/or prescriptively-from detailed historical case studies of "great negotiations," chosen more for their salience than their analytic characteristics or comparability? Taking a number of such cases compiled by Stanton... View Details
Keywords: Learning; International Relations; History; Agreements and Arrangements; Negotiation Process; Conflict and Resolution
Sebenius, James K. "What Can We Learn from 'Great Negotiations'?" Negotiation Journal 27, no. 2 (April 2011).