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  • All HBS Web  (185)
    • Faculty Publications  (50)

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    • All HBS Web  (185)
      • Faculty Publications  (50)

      Robert S. Kaplan, David P. NortonRemove Robert S. Kaplan, David P. Norton →

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      Faculty

      Robert C. Merton

      Robert C. Merton is the School of Management Distinguished Professor of Finance at the MIT Sloan School of Management.Merton is University Professor Emeritus at Harvard University and was the George Fisher Baker Professor of Business Administration (1988–98) and the John and Natty McArthur University Professor (1998–2010) at Harvard Business School.  After receiving a PhD in economics from MIT in...
      Faculty

      Robert S. Huckman

      Robert Huckman is the Albert J. Weatherhead III Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School, the Howard Cox Faculty Chair of the HBS Healthcare Initiative, and the Unit Head for Technology and Operations Management. He currently teaches the required MBA course, Technology and Operations Management, and has previously taught several elective MBA courses, including Transforming...
      Faculty

      Robert S. Kaplan

      Robert S. Kaplan is Senior Fellow and Marvin Bower Professor of Leadership Development, Emeritus at the Harvard Business School. He joined the HBS faculty in 1984 after spending 16 years on the faculty of the business school at Carnegie-Mellon University, where he served as Dean from 1977 to 1983. Kaplan has co-developed both activity-based costing (ABC) and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), widely...
      Faculty

      Robert H. Hayes

      Robert Hayes is the Philip Caldwell Professor of Business Administration, Emeritus, at the Harvard Business School. Prior to his appointment to the Harvard Faculty in 1966, he worked for I.B.M. and McKinsey & Company. He received his Ph.D. degree in 1966 from Stanford University.He has published widely, including seven co-authored books. One of these, Restoring our Competitive Edge: Competing...
      Faculty

      Robert J. Dolan

      Robert J. Dolan is the Baker Foundation Professor at Harvard Business School. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Rochester and began his academic career in 1976 as a faculty member at the Graduate School of Business of the University of Chicago. He joined the Harvard Business School faculty in 1980 and became the Edward W. Carter Professor of Business Administration. He served as the...
      Faculty

      Robert Simons

      Robert Simons is a Baker Foundation Professor at Harvard Business School. For over 35 years, Simons has taught accounting, management control, and strategy execution courses in both the Harvard MBA and Executive Education Programs. For 2024/25, he is teaching a second-year MBA course titled “Changing the World: Life Choices of Influential Leaders,” for which he has authored 23 new case studies...
      Faculty

      Robert F. White

      Bob White is a Senior Lecturer in the Entrepreneurial Management Unit at the Harvard Business School where he teaches courses in the MBA program (Required and Elective curricula) and the Executive Education program. Courses taught include Entrepreneurial Finance, Starting a Private Investment Firm, Road to the White House, Elections and Campaigns, and Field Global Immersion. Bob was one of the...

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      • May 2025
      • Case

      Dell Med: Transforming Care Delivery & Payment

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, David N. Bernstein and Mary L. Witkowski
      Health care in the U.S. and globally continues to undergo massive transformation, surging towards a system that rewards value for patients. However, widespread adoption of value-based health care remains a challenge. This case study focuses on the care delivery... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Business Strategy; Leading Change; Decisions; Transformation; Health Industry; United States; Texas
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      Kaplan, Robert S., David N. Bernstein, and Mary L. Witkowski. "Dell Med: Transforming Care Delivery & Payment." Harvard Business School Case 125-117, May 2025.
      • July 2024
      • Article

      Mass General Brigham’s Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System: A Decade of Learnings

      By: Jason B. Liu, Robert S. Kaplan, David W. Bates, Mario O. Edelen, Rachel C. Sisodia and Andrea L. Pusic
      This article describes the strategies that leaders at the Mass General Brigham (MGB) health system have used in launching a standardized patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) collection program in 2012, a major step in the value-based transformation of health care.... View Details
      Keywords: Patient-reported Outcomes; Value Based Health Care; Health Care and Treatment; Transformation; Outcome or Result; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Performance Improvement; Health Industry
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      Liu, Jason B., Robert S. Kaplan, David W. Bates, Mario O. Edelen, Rachel C. Sisodia, and Andrea L. Pusic. "Mass General Brigham’s Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System: A Decade of Learnings." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 5, no. 7 (July 2024).
      • October 2023
      • Article

      Health System Perspective on Cost for Delivering a Decision Aid for Prostate Cancer Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing

      By: David R. Ho, Robert S. Kaplan, Jonathan Bergman, David F. Penson, Benjamin Waterman, Kristin C. Williams, Jefersson Villatoro, Lorna Kwan and Christopher S. Saigal
      Previsit decision aids (DAs) have been shown to improve decisional quality. But the cost to deploy a DA has not been previously estimated. We interviewed or observed relevant personnel at three institutions that had implemented DA programs for men with prostate cancer.... View Details
      Keywords: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care and Treatment; Cost Accounting; Health Industry
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      Ho, David R., Robert S. Kaplan, Jonathan Bergman, David F. Penson, Benjamin Waterman, Kristin C. Williams, Jefersson Villatoro, Lorna Kwan, and Christopher S. Saigal. "Health System Perspective on Cost for Delivering a Decision Aid for Prostate Cancer Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing." Medical Care 61, no. 10 (October 2023): 681–688.
      • August 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020

      By: Michael E. Porter, Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski and David N. Bernstein
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 724-373. View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Industry; Academic Medicine; Value-based Health Care; Value-based Healthcare; Health Care Delivery; Service Delivery; Transformation; Health Care and Treatment; Corporate Strategy; Leadership; Health Industry; Tennessee; United States
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      Porter, Michael E., Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski, and David N. Bernstein. "Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 724-374, August 2023.
      • August 2023
      • Case

      Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020

      By: Michael E. Porter, Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski and David N. Bernstein
      Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Industry; Academic Medicine; Value-based Health Care; Value-based Healthcare; Health Care Delivery; Service Delivery; Transformation; Health Care and Treatment; Corporate Strategy; Leadership; Health Industry; Tennessee; United States
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      Porter, Michael E., Robert S. Kaplan, Mary L. Witkowski, and David N. Bernstein. "Vanderbilt: Transforming an Academic Health Care Delivery System, 2020." Harvard Business School Case 724-373, August 2023.
      • March 2019
      • Article

      A Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Analysis of Emergency Department Scribes

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Heather A. Heaton, David M. Nestler, William J. Barry, Richard A. Helmers, Mustafa Y. Sir, Deepi G. Goyal, Derek A. Haas and Annie T. Sadosty
      Objectives: To apply time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) methodology to determine emergency medicine physician documentation costs with and without scribes.

      Methods: Two research assistants shadowed attending physicians for a total of 64 hours in the... View Details
      Keywords: Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing; Health Care and Treatment; Analysis
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Heather A. Heaton, David M. Nestler, William J. Barry, Richard A. Helmers, Mustafa Y. Sir, Deepi G. Goyal, Derek A. Haas, and Annie T. Sadosty. "A Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Analysis of Emergency Department Scribes." Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes 3, no. 1 (March 2019): 30–34.
      • Article

      Lessons from Mayo Clinic's Redesign of Stroke Care

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, W. David Freeman, Kevin M. Barrett, Lisa Nordan, Aaron C. Spaulding and Meredith Karney
      Facing escalating costs of medications and technology, health care patients and providers in the United States continue to search for opportunities to reduce overall costs while maintaining and improving health care outcomes. The Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Stroke Center... View Details
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      Kaplan, Robert S., W. David Freeman, Kevin M. Barrett, Lisa Nordan, Aaron C. Spaulding, and Meredith Karney. "Lessons from Mayo Clinic's Redesign of Stroke Care." Special Issue on HBR Insight Center: The Future of Health Care. Harvard Business Review (website) (October 2018).
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      The Creative Consulting Company

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Richard Nolan and David P. Norton
      During the past 50 years, several consulting companies introduced important new ideas that extended management theory and improved management practice. This paper draws upon public sources and the authors’ personal experiences to describe how three management... View Details
      Keywords: Management; Theory; Practice; Performance Improvement; Innovation and Management; Consulting Industry
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Richard Nolan, and David P. Norton. "The Creative Consulting Company." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-001, July 2018.
      • Article

      Activity-based Costing of Health-Care Delivery, Haiti

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Ryan K. McBain, Gregory Jerome, Fernet Leandre, Micaela Browning, Jonathan Warsh, Mahek Shah, Peterson Abnis-Faure, Claire Pierre, Anna P. Fang, Jean Claude Mugunga, Gary Gottlieb, Joseph Rhatigan and Bipin Mistry
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Ryan K. McBain, Gregory Jerome, Fernet Leandre, Micaela Browning, Jonathan Warsh, Mahek Shah, Peterson Abnis-Faure, Claire Pierre, Anna P. Fang, Jean Claude Mugunga, Gary Gottlieb, Joseph Rhatigan, and Bipin Mistry. "Activity-based Costing of Health-Care Delivery, Haiti." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 96, no. 1 (January 2018): 10–17.
      • 2016
      • Article

      Creating an Execution Premium: Human Capital Practices of Successful Organizations

      By: David P. Norton, Robert S. Kaplan and Cassandra Frangos
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      Norton, David P., Robert S. Kaplan, and Cassandra Frangos. "Creating an Execution Premium: Human Capital Practices of Successful Organizations." Special Issue on Performance. Talent Quarterly, no. 10 (2016): 33–38.
      • October 26, 2015
      • Article

      Measuring and Communicating Health Care Value with Charts

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Robin P. Blackstone, Derek A. Haas and Nikhil G. Thaker
      The goal of a health care system should be to deliver the most value to patients: the outcomes achieved for treating a medical condition relative to the costs incurred over a complete care cycle. We have found that a radar (spider web) chart is an effective means to... View Details
      Keywords: Service Delivery; Value; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Robin P. Blackstone, Derek A. Haas, and Nikhil G. Thaker. "Measuring and Communicating Health Care Value with Charts." Harvard Business Review (website) (October 26, 2015). (A collaboration of the editors of Harvard Business Review and the New England Journal of Medicine.)
      • Article

      Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing: A Driver for Provider Engagement in Costing Activities and Redesign Initiatives

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Nancy McLaughlin, Michael A. Burke, Nisheeta P. Setlur, Douglas R. Niedzwiecki, Alan L. Kaplan, Christopher Saigal, Aman Mahajan and Neil A. Martin
      Object. To date, health care providers have devoted significant efforts to improve performance regarding patient safety and quality of care. To address the lagging involvement of health care providers in the cost component of the value equation, UCLA Health... View Details
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Nancy McLaughlin, Michael A. Burke, Nisheeta P. Setlur, Douglas R. Niedzwiecki, Alan L. Kaplan, Christopher Saigal, Aman Mahajan, and Neil A. Martin. "Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing: A Driver for Provider Engagement in Costing Activities and Redesign Initiatives." Neurosurgical Focus 37, no. 5 (November 2014).
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard

      By: Robert S. Kaplan
      David Norton and I introduced the Balanced Scorecard in a 1992 Harvard Business Review article (Kaplan & Norton, 1992). The article was based on a multi-company research project to study performance measurement in companies whose intangible assets played a central role... View Details
      Keywords: Asset Management; Balanced Scorecard; Management Systems; Performance Improvement; Strategy
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      Kaplan, Robert S. "Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-074, March 2010.
      • Article

      Managing Alliances with the Balanced Scorecard

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, David P. Norton and Bjarne Rugelsjoen
      The article addresses failures in strategic alliances and illustrates, via a detailed description of the successful strategic alliance between Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Quintiles company how the creation of a strategy map and Balanced Scorecard helps align the... View Details
      Keywords: Alliances; Balanced Scorecard; Employees; Alignment; Corporate Governance; Interests; Management Practices and Processes; Goals and Objectives; Partners and Partnerships
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      Kaplan, Robert S., David P. Norton, and Bjarne Rugelsjoen. "Managing Alliances with the Balanced Scorecard." Harvard Business Review 88, nos. 1/2 (January–February 2010): 114–120.
      • October 2009
      • Article

      Managing Risk in the New World

      By: Robert S. Kaplan, Anette Mikes, Robert Simons, Peter Tufano and Michael Hofmann Jr.
      Five experts gathered recently to discuss the future of enterprise risk management: Kaplan, the Baker Foundation Professor at Harvard Business School, who with his colleague David Norton developed the balanced scorecard; Mikes, an assistant professor at HBS who studies... View Details
      Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Financial Crisis; Capital Structure; Job Cuts and Outsourcing; Risk Management
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      Kaplan, Robert S., Anette Mikes, Robert Simons, Peter Tufano, and Michael Hofmann Jr. "Managing Risk in the New World." Harvard Business Review 87, no. 10 (October 2009): 68–75.
      • 2008
      • Chapter

      Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard

      By: Robert S. Kaplan

      David Norton and I introduced the Balanced Scorecard in a 1992 Harvard Business Review article. The article was based on a multi-company research project that studied performance measurement in companies whose intangible assets played a central role in value... View Details

      Keywords: Balanced Scorecard; Management Systems; Measurement and Metrics; Performance Improvement; Strategy
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      Kaplan, Robert S. "Conceptual Foundations of the Balanced Scorecard." Chap. 1.03 in Handbook of Management Accounting Research. Vol. 3, edited by Christopher Chapman, Anthony Hopwood, and Michael Shields. Elsevier, 2008.
      • December 2008
      • Article

      Protect Strategic Expenditures

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton
      Keywords: Strategy
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton. "Protect Strategic Expenditures." Harvard Business Review 86, no. 12 (December 2008): 28.
      • October 2008 (Revised June 2011)
      • Case

      JetBlue Airways: Managing Growth

      By: Robert S. Huckman and Gary P. Pisano
      Considers the situation facing David Barger, President and CEO of JetBlue Airways, in May 2007 as he addresses the airline's need to slow its growth rate in the response to increasing fuel costs and the effects of major operational crisis for the airline in February... View Details
      Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Operations; Performance Capacity; Performance Efficiency; Competitive Strategy; Air Transportation Industry
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      Huckman, Robert S., and Gary P. Pisano. "JetBlue Airways: Managing Growth." Harvard Business School Case 609-046, October 2008. (Revised June 2011.)
      • 2008
      • Book

      Execution Premium: Linking Strategy to Operations for Competitive Advantage

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton
      In a world of stiffening competition, business strategy is more crucial than ever. Yet most organizations struggle in this area--not with formulating strategy but with executing it, or putting their strategy into action. Owing to execution failures, companies realize... View Details
      Keywords: Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Operations; Performance; Strategic Planning; Business Strategy
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton. Execution Premium: Linking Strategy to Operations for Competitive Advantage. Harvard Business Press, 2008.
      • January 2008
      • Article

      Mastering the Management System

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton
      Companies have always found it hard to balance pressing operational concerns with long-term strategic priorities. The tension is critical: World-class processes won't lead to success without the right strategic direction, and the best strategy in the world will get... View Details
      Keywords: Framework; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Management Systems; Operations; Performance Improvement; Strategy
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton. "Mastering the Management System." Special Issue on HBS Centennial. Harvard Business Review 86, no. 1 (January 2008): 62–77.
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