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    • All HBS Web  (353)
      • Faculty Publications  (90)

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      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Balancing Engagement and Polarization: Multi-Objective Alignment of News Content Using LLMs

      By: Mengjie Cheng, Elie Ofek and Hema Yoganarasimhan
      We study how media firms can use LLMs to generate news content that aligns with multiple objectives—making content more engaging while maintaining a preferred level of polarization/slant consistent with the firm’s editorial policy. Using news articles from The New York... View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Models; Content Creation; Media; Polarization; Generative Ai; Direct Preference Optimization; AI and Machine Learning; News; Perspective; Digital Marketing; Policy; Media and Broadcasting Industry
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      Cheng, Mengjie, Elie Ofek, and Hema Yoganarasimhan. "Balancing Engagement and Polarization: Multi-Objective Alignment of News Content Using LLMs." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-051, April 2025.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      Webmunk: A New Tool for Studying Online Behavior and Digital Platforms

      By: Chiara Farronato, Andrey Fradkin and Chris Karr
      Understanding the behavior of users online is important for researchers, policymakers, and private companies alike. But observing online behavior and conducting experiments is difficult without direct access to the user base and software of technology companies. We... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Technology Adoption; Behavior; Research; Consumer Behavior; Internet and the Web
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      Farronato, Chiara, Andrey Fradkin, and Chris Karr. "Webmunk: A New Tool for Studying Online Behavior and Digital Platforms." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32694, July 2024.
      • Spring 2024
      • Article

      The Evolution of Banking in the 21st Century: Evidence and Regulatory Implications

      By: Samuel Gregory Hanson, Victoria Ivashina, Laura Nicolae, Jeremy C. Stein, Adi Sunderam and Daniel K. Tarullo
      As revealed by the failures of three regional banks in the spring of 2023, bank runs are not a thing of the past. To inform the ongoing discussion of the appropriate regulatory response, we examine trends in the banking industry over the last twenty-five years. On the... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Instruments; Financial Crisis; Assets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Financial Condition; Banking Industry
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      Hanson, Samuel Gregory, Victoria Ivashina, Laura Nicolae, Jeremy C. Stein, Adi Sunderam, and Daniel K. Tarullo. "The Evolution of Banking in the 21st Century: Evidence and Regulatory Implications." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Spring 2024): 343–389.
      • March 2024 (Revised April 2024)
      • Case

      Coursera's Foray into GenAI

      By: Suraj Srinivasan, Michael Parzen and Radhika Kak
      In early 2023, Maggioncalda, CEO of US EdTech firm Coursera, launched Project Genesis to develop a strategy for incorporating GenAI capabilities into the firm's offerings, asking his teams to focus on value to the firm and cost of implementation. The team identified... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; AI and Machine Learning; Brands and Branding; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Technological Innovation; Education Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, Michael Parzen, and Radhika Kak. "Coursera's Foray into GenAI." Harvard Business School Case 124-089, March 2024. (Revised April 2024.)
      • January 2024 (Revised April 2024)
      • Case

      Target Malaria: Editing Mosquitoes through Gene Drives

      By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
      Target Malaria, a non-profit research consortium, is exploring the application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology to combat malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its approach uses gene drives, a revolutionary tool, to suppress the population of malaria-carrying... View Details
      Keywords: Health Disorders; Technological Innovation; Nonprofit Organizations; Business Strategy; Genetics; Ethics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; United States; United Kingdom; Burkina Faso; Africa
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      Ghosh, Shikhar, and Shweta Bagai. "Target Malaria: Editing Mosquitoes through Gene Drives." Harvard Business School Case 824-068, January 2024. (Revised April 2024.)
      • June 2023
      • Article

      Are You Listening to Me? The Negative Link between Extraversion and Perceived Listening

      By: Francis J Flynn, Hanne Collins and Julian Zlatev
      Extraverts are often characterized as highly social individuals who are highly invested in their interpersonal interactions. We propose that extraverts' interaction partners hold a different view-that extraverts are highly social, but not highly invested. Across six... View Details
      Keywords: Extraversion; Listening; Self-monitoring; Sociability; Interaction; Interpersonal Communication; Perception
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      Flynn, Francis J., Hanne Collins, and Julian Zlatev. "Are You Listening to Me? The Negative Link between Extraversion and Perceived Listening." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 49, no. 6 (June 2023): 837–851.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      PRIMO: Private Regression in Multiple Outcomes

      By: Seth Neel
      We introduce a new differentially private regression setting we call Private Regression in Multiple Outcomes (PRIMO), inspired the common situation where a data analyst wants to perform a set of l regressions while preserving privacy, where the covariates... View Details
      Keywords: Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods
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      Neel, Seth. "PRIMO: Private Regression in Multiple Outcomes." Working Paper, March 2023.
      • August 2022
      • Exercise

      Joy4Home Brands: Pricing Matters

      By: Elie Ofek, Oded Koenigsberg and Marco Bertini
      Joy4Home Brands, the maker of novel houseware items, was gearing up for its launch. The company would be introducing two lines: kitchenware products and storage containers. The initial go-to-market plan called for a direct to consumer (DTC) channel strategy. While... View Details
      Keywords: DTC; Pricing Decisions; B2B; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Marketing Strategy; Business Model; Opportunities; Consumer Products Industry
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      Ofek, Elie, Oded Koenigsberg, and Marco Bertini. "Joy4Home Brands: Pricing Matters." Harvard Business School Exercise 523-709, August 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Article

      Strengthening Digital Infrastructure: A Policy Agenda for Free and Open Source Software

      By: Frank Nagle
      While there is little debate that digital forces are playing an increasingly crucial role in the economy, there is limited understanding of the importance of the digital infrastructure that underlies this role. Much of the discussion around digital infrastructure has... View Details
      Keywords: Open Source; Applications and Software; Policy; Infrastructure; Open Source Distribution
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      Nagle, Frank. "Strengthening Digital Infrastructure: A Policy Agenda for Free and Open Source Software." Brookings Series: Reimagining Modern-day Markets and Regulations (May 2022).
      • January 2022 (Revised November 2023)
      • Case

      Expanding the Culture of Learning at Kraft Heinz

      By: Ashley V. Whillans and Carolyn Watson
      The Kraft Heinz Company (KHC) was an American food company formed in 2015 by the merger of Kraft Foods Group, Inc and the H.J. Heinz Company. The company sold food products like Heinz Ketchup, Kraft Mac & Cheese, Kool-Aid, and Philadelphia cream cheese to supermarkets,... View Details
      Keywords: Learning; Culture; Work Culture; Workplace Practices; Mergers; Mergers and Acquisitions; Competitive Advantage; Human Capital; Training; Performance Evaluation; Growth and Development; Personal Development and Career; Employee Relationship Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Whillans, Ashley V., and Carolyn Watson. "Expanding the Culture of Learning at Kraft Heinz." Harvard Business School Case 922-036, January 2022. (Revised November 2023.)
      • 2021
      • Article

      Designing, Not Checking, for Policy Robustness: An Example with Optimal Taxation

      By: Benjamin B. Lockwood, Afras Sial and Matthew C. Weinzierl
      Economists typically check the robustness of their results by comparing them across plausible ranges of parameter values and model structures. A preferable approach to robustness—for the purposes of policymaking and evaluation—is to design policy that takes these... View Details
      Keywords: Optimal Taxation; Income Tax; Social Welfare; Elasticity; Income; Taxation; Policy
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      Lockwood, Benjamin B., Afras Sial, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "Designing, Not Checking, for Policy Robustness: An Example with Optimal Taxation." Tax Policy and the Economy 35 (2021).
      • April 2021 (Revised August 2021)
      • Exercise

      Workshop Exercise: Branding New Ventures

      By: Christina Wallace
      This workshop allows students follow a modified version of Google Venture's Brand Sprint to build a startup brand from scratch. Details on the elements of a brand are discussed, including defining the values and personality of the venture, as well as developing a clear... View Details
      Keywords: Branding; Entrepreneurship; Marketing; Brands and Branding
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      Wallace, Christina. "Workshop Exercise: Branding New Ventures." Harvard Business School Exercise 821-089, April 2021. (Revised August 2021.)
      • December 2020 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Responsive Working at PepsiCo UK (A): Designing a Turnaround

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Nancy Boghossian Staples
      Facing a significant decline in revenues in 2016, David Gwilliam, Head of Transformation at PepsiCo UK introduced a new way of working (“Responsive Working”), which encompasses a set of work practices and some new team structures. The work practices comprise a set of 9... View Details
      Keywords: SLAM Teams; Turnaround; Groups and Teams; Employees; Training; Decision Making; Planning; Performance Improvement; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United Kingdom; Europe
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      Edmondson, Amy C., and Nancy Boghossian Staples. "Responsive Working at PepsiCo UK (A): Designing a Turnaround." Harvard Business School Case 621-076, December 2020. (Revised March 2025.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Designing, Not Checking, for Policy Robustness: An Example with Optimal Taxation

      By: Benjami Lockwood, Afras Y. Sial and Matthew C. Weinzierl
      Economists typically check the robustness of their results by comparing them across plausible ranges of parameter values and model structures. A preferable approach to robustness—for the purposes of policymaking and evaluation—is to design policy that takes these... View Details
      Keywords: Optimal Taxation; Robust Optimization; Taxation; Income; Policy; Design
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      Lockwood, Benjami, Afras Y. Sial, and Matthew C. Weinzierl. "Designing, Not Checking, for Policy Robustness: An Example with Optimal Taxation." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28098, November 2020.
      • September 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      d.light

      By: Michael Chu, Krishna G. Palepu and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha
      Kenyan off-grid-solar pioneer d.light can power entire homes in rural Africa but must now decide how to fund the growth of its asset-heavy business model. Ned Tozun and Sam Goldman founded d.light in 2006 to transform lives through solar solutions enabling access to... View Details
      Keywords: Alternative Energy; Business Model; Capital; Emerging Markets; Expansion; Financial Strategy; Renewable Energy; Strategy; Social Entrepreneurship; Energy Industry; Africa; Kenya; India
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      Chu, Michael, Krishna G. Palepu, and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha. "d.light." Harvard Business School Case 321-069, September 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • 2021
      • Conference Presentation

      An Algorithmic Framework for Fairness Elicitation

      By: Christopher Jung, Michael J. Kearns, Seth Neel, Aaron Leon Roth, Logan Stapleton and Zhiwei Steven Wu
      We consider settings in which the right notion of fairness is not captured by simple mathematical definitions (such as equality of error rates across groups), but might be more complex and nuanced and thus require elicitation from individual or collective stakeholders.... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithmic Fairness; Machine Learning; Fairness; Framework; Mathematical Methods
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      Jung, Christopher, Michael J. Kearns, Seth Neel, Aaron Leon Roth, Logan Stapleton, and Zhiwei Steven Wu. "An Algorithmic Framework for Fairness Elicitation." Paper presented at the 2nd Symposium on Foundations of Responsible Computing (FORC), 2021.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity

      By: Laura Alfaro, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf and Farzad Saidi
      In SIR models, homogeneous or with a network structure, infection rates are assumed to be exogenous. However, individuals adjust their behavior. Using daily data for 89 cities worldwide, we document that mobility falls in response to fear, as approximated by Google... View Details
      Keywords: Social Interactions; Pandemics; Mobility; Cities; SIR Networks; Social Preferences; Social Planner; Targeted Policies; Health Pandemics; Interpersonal Communication; Behavior; Policy
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      Alfaro, Laura, Ester Faia, Nora Lamersdorf, and Farzad Saidi. "Social Interactions in Pandemics: Fear, Altruism, and Reciprocity." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 27134, May 2020.
      • October 2019 (Revised June 2020)
      • Supplement

      Airbus vs. Boeing (G): New Planes and Upgrades (2011)

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
      This case describes the first commercial flight of Boeing's 787 Dreamliner in 2011, three years after originally planned, as well as the first commercial flight of Airbus' superjumbo, the A380, in 2007. It also describes the companies' current endeavors in 2011,... View Details
      Keywords: Airbus; Boeing; Product Development; Air Transportation; Projects; Competition; Air Transportation Industry; Manufacturing Industry
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Karen Elterman. "Airbus vs. Boeing (G): New Planes and Upgrades (2011)." Harvard Business School Supplement 720-382, October 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
      • June–July 2019
      • Article

      A Methodology for Operationalizing Enterprise IT Architecture and Evaluating Its Modifiability

      By: Robert Lagerström, Alan MacCormack, David Dreyfus and Carliss Y. Baldwin
      Recent contributions to information systems theory suggest that the primary role of a firm’s information technology (IT) architecture is to facilitate, and therefore ensure the continued alignment of a firm’s IT investments with a constantly changing business... View Details
      Keywords: Enterprise Architecture; Modularity; Information Systems; Modifiability; Design Structure Matrix
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      Lagerström, Robert, Alan MacCormack, David Dreyfus, and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "A Methodology for Operationalizing Enterprise IT Architecture and Evaluating Its Modifiability." Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly 19 (June–July 2019): 75–98.
      • April 2019
      • Supplement

      Bata Versus Relaxo Modified DuPont Calculations Teaching Note Supplement

      By: Suraj Srinivasan
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      Srinivasan, Suraj. "Bata Versus Relaxo Modified DuPont Calculations Teaching Note Supplement." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 119-715, April 2019.
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