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- March 2017
- Article
Land Institutions and Chinese Political Economy: Institutional Complementarities and Macroeconomic Management
By: Meg Rithmire
This article critically examines the origins and evolution of China’s unique land institutions and situates land policy in the larger context of China’s reforms and pursuit of economic growth. It argues that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has strengthened the... View Details
Keywords: China; Economic Reform; Land Politics; Macromanagement; Government and Politics; Macroeconomics; China
Rithmire, Meg. "Land Institutions and Chinese Political Economy: Institutional Complementarities and Macroeconomic Management." Politics & Society 45, no. 1 (March 2017): 123–153.
- December 2013
- Article
Land Politics and Local State Capacities: The Political Economy of Urban Change in China
By: Meg Rithmire
Despite common national institutions and incentives to remake urban landscapes to anchor growth, generate land-lease revenues, and display a capacious administration, Chinese urban governments exhibit varying levels of control over land. This article uses a paired... View Details
Keywords: China; Land Politics; Urban Planning; Local Government; Northeast China; Property Rights; Urban Development; Property; Government and Politics; China
Rithmire, Meg. "Land Politics and Local State Capacities: The Political Economy of Urban Change in China." China Quarterly, no. 216 (December 2013): 872–895.
- Research Summary
Land in China's Political Economy
By: Meg Rithmire
Land Bargains and Chinese Capitalism: The Politics of Property Rights under Reform
Published October 2015
China since the 1980s has been the scene of unprecedented efforts at urban construction and growth, even in the absence of privatization... View Details
- February 4, 2017
- Article
Historical Transformations in Boundary and Land Use in New Delhi's Urban Villages
By: Sudev J Sheth
New Delhi’s “urban villages” are the result of government land acquisitions that began in 1912 and continued into the 1960s. Since the 1980s, growing demand for real estate within the city has engendered unprecedented residential and commercial development in these... View Details
Keywords: India; Urban Planning; Eminent Domain; Land Politics; Real Estate; History; City; Planning; Urban Scope; India; Delhi
Sheth, Sudev J. "Historical Transformations in Boundary and Land Use in New Delhi's Urban Villages." Economic & Political Weekly 52, no. 5 (February 4, 2017): 41–49.
- December 2013 (Revised May 2015)
- Supplement
Land Acquisition in India: Public Purpose and Private Property (C)
By: Laura Alfaro, Lakshmi Iyer and Rachna Tahilyani
Keywords: India; Special Economic Zones; Land Markets; Land Politics; Industrial Development; Land Reform; Developing Markets; Developing Countries; Industrialization; Industrial Property; Economic Growth; Developing Countries and Economies; Economics; Economy; Macroeconomics; Social Issues; India; Asia; South Asia
Alfaro, Laura, Lakshmi Iyer, and Rachna Tahilyani. "Land Acquisition in India: Public Purpose and Private Property (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 714-023, December 2013. (Revised May 2015.)
- 2015
- Book
Land Bargains and Chinese Capitalism: The Politics of Property Rights under Reform
By: Meg Rithmire
Land reforms have been critical to the development of Chinese capitalism over the last several decades, yet land in China remains publicly owned. This book explores the political logic of reforms to land ownership and control, accounting for how land development and... View Details
Rithmire, Meg. Land Bargains and Chinese Capitalism: The Politics of Property Rights under Reform. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
- 10 Feb 2016
- Working Paper Summaries
Land Institutions and Chinese Political Economy: Institutional Complementarities and Macroeconomic Management
- 2019
- Chapter
Local States of Play: Land and Urban Politics in Reform-Era China
By: Meg Rithmire
Book Abstract: Although comparative politics is conventionally seen as the study of politics across countries, the field has a longstanding and increasingly prominent tradition in national contexts; focusing on subnational units, institutions, actors and processes.... View Details
Rithmire, Meg. "Local States of Play: Land and Urban Politics in Reform-Era China." In Inside Countries: Subnational Research in Comparative Politics, edited by Agustina Giraudy, Eduardo Moncada, and Richard Snyder, 318–350. Cambridge University Press, 2019.
- December 1993 (Revised January 1994)
- Case
Montana Land Reliance
By: Forest L. Reinhardt and Thomas Patterson
The Montana Land Reliance is a small not-for-profit organization in the business of creating conservation easements on private lands in Montana. The easements preserve the scenic character and recreational value of the lands by precluding subdivision and other forms of... View Details
Keywords: Private Ownership; Motivation and Incentives; Business or Company Management; Natural Environment; Nonprofit Organizations; Property; Environmental Sustainability; Government and Politics; Montana
Reinhardt, Forest L., and Thomas Patterson. "Montana Land Reliance." Harvard Business School Case 794-050, December 1993. (Revised January 1994.)
- 28 Feb 2008
- Working Paper Summaries
Colonial Land Tenure, Electoral Competition and Public Goods in India
Keywords: by Abhijit Banerjee & Lakshmi Iyer
- 2010
- Chapter
Colonial Land Tenure, Electoral Competition, and Public Goods in India
By: Abhijit Banerjee and Lakshmi Iyer
- 2025
- Working Paper
Global Harms, Local Profits: How the Uneven Costs of Natural Disasters Affect Support for Green Political Platforms
By: Silvia Pianta and Paula Rettl
Large-scale fires are becoming increasingly common due to climate change. While conventional
wisdom suggests that firsthand experiences with natural disasters foster green coalitions
by raising awareness of environmental degradation, we propose an alternative... View Details
Keywords: Climate Impact; Politics; Environmental Issues; Environmental Protection; Economic Analysis; Economic Behavior; Economic Geography; Economy; Economics; Climate Change; Environmental Management; Political Elections; Natural Disasters; Green Technology; Environmental Sustainability; Latin America; Brazil
Pianta, Silvia, and Paula Rettl. "Global Harms, Local Profits: How the Uneven Costs of Natural Disasters Affect Support for Green Political Platforms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-023, September 2023. (Revised June 2025.)
- May 2016
- Supplement
2016 Update: Argentina Turns the Page
By: David E. Bell, Forest Reinhardt and Natalie Kindred
This brief case is a supplement to “Cresud and Argentina” (515-043) and “Note on Agriculture in Argentina” (515-069). Set in early 2016, it describes developments in Argentina under newly elected President Mauricio Macri, including the country’s return to international... View Details
Keywords: Argentina; ＂ Cresud; Agriculture; Economic Reform; Economic Policy; Land Investment; Macri; Currency; Agribusiness; Diversification; Economy; Emerging Markets; Credit; Currency Exchange Rate; Investment; Business and Government Relations; Government and Politics; Inflation and Deflation; Trade; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Argentina; Buenos Aires; South America
Bell, David E., Forest Reinhardt, and Natalie Kindred. "2016 Update: Argentina Turns the Page." Harvard Business School Supplement 716-077, May 2016.
- October 2012 (Revised December 2013)
- Case
Urbanizing China
By: Lakshmi Iyer and G.A. Donovan
In 2012, China attained a historic development milestone with more Chinese citizens living in cities than in the countryside. China's rapid urbanization, and the accompanying conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural uses, raised a number of economic, social,... View Details
Keywords: China; Urbanization; Industrialization; Property Rights; Local Government Finance; Social Protest; Business Environment; Food Security; Safety; Change Management; Food; Urban Development; Social Issues; Growth and Development Strategy; Public Administration Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; China
Iyer, Lakshmi, and G.A. Donovan. "Urbanizing China." Harvard Business School Case 713-037, October 2012. (Revised December 2013.)
- Research Summary
Overview
Dr. Sheth's research focuses on Indian political economy and social history from the sixteenth century to the contemporary, concentrating on the relationship between business households, financial capital, landed rights, and the dissolution and formation of states.... View Details
- September 2016 (Revised September 2016)
- Case
The Tavistock Group and the Australian Agricultural Company
By: Dante Roscini and Matthew Preble
In late 2015, Dr. Shehan Dissanayake, a managing director and board member of Bahamian investment firm The Tavistock Group (Tavistock), the largest shareholder in the Australian Agricultural Company (AACo), one of the country's largest agribusinesses, faces a... View Details
Keywords: Agribusiness; Foreign Direct Investment; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Business and Government Relations; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Australia; Bahamas
Roscini, Dante, and Matthew Preble. "The Tavistock Group and the Australian Agricultural Company." Harvard Business School Case 717-009, September 2016. (Revised September 2016.)
- January 2015
- Case
Cresud and Argentina
By: David E. Bell and Mary Shelman
Argentina-based Cresud managed 1 million hectares (2.5 million acres) of land in South America. For 20 years, the publicly traded company's strategy had been to acquire underutilized properties and turn them into productive farmland for cattle and crops. In 2014,... View Details
Keywords: Argentina; Farmland Ownership; Farming; Government Agricultural Policy; Agribusiness; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Argentina; South America
Bell, David E., and Mary Shelman. "Cresud and Argentina." Harvard Business School Case 515-043, January 2015.
- 19 May 2015
- First Look
First Look: May 19
Publications May 2015 Cambridge University Press Land Bargains and Chinese Capitalism: The Politics of Property Rights under Reform By: Rithmire, Meg Abstract—Land reforms have been critical to the... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
- January 2020
- Background Note
Climate Change in 2020: Implications for Business
By: Rebecca M. Henderson, Sophus A. Reinert and Mariana Oseguera
This note provides general information about climate change and its implications for business. Included is an overview of climate change science and a number of its impacts, including rising sea levels, changing weather patterns and extreme weather, pressure on water... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Accounting; Agribusiness; Economic Growth; Energy Conservation; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Energy Sources; Non-Renewable Energy; Globalized Markets and Industries; National Security; Government Legislation; Operations; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Problems and Challenges; Risk and Uncertainty; Natural Disasters; Natural Environment; Environmental Sustainability; Pollutants; Science-Based Business; Weather; Society; Technology
Henderson, Rebecca M., Sophus A. Reinert, and Mariana Oseguera. "Climate Change in 2020: Implications for Business." Harvard Business School Background Note 320-087, January 2020. (Click here for a complimentary copy on the Business & Environment Initiative’s site.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
The Cost of Property Rights: Establishing Institutions on the Philippine Frontier Under American Rule, 1898-1918
By: Lakshmi Iyer and Noel Maurer
We examine three reforms to property rights introduced by the United States in the Philippines in the early 20th century: the redistribution of large estates to their tenants, the creation of a system of secure land titles, and a homestead program to encourage... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Rights; Property; Business and Government Relations; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Philippines
Iyer, Lakshmi, and Noel Maurer. "The Cost of Property Rights: Establishing Institutions on the Philippine Frontier Under American Rule, 1898-1918." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-023, August 2008. (Revised April 2009.)