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- January 2011 (Revised June 2011)
- Case
Intellectual Property Intermediaries
By: Andrei Hagiu
During the past 5 to 10 years, several different intermediation business models have emerged for the intellectual property (IP) market. This note describes the most prominent ones: non-practicing entities (or patent trolls), defensive patent aggregators, online IP... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Intellectual Property; Auctions; Digital Platforms; Information Technology; Service Industry
Hagiu, Andrei. "Intellectual Property Intermediaries." Harvard Business School Case 711-486, January 2011. (Revised June 2011.)
- February 2021
- Module Note
Intellectual Property Strategy
By: Andy Wu and Aticus Peterson
Managing intellectual property (IP) in information technology—digital technologies like software or computing hardware—requires a distinct strategic approach. This note summarizes the high-level strategic considerations for managers of information technology businesses... View Details
Wu, Andy, and Aticus Peterson. "Intellectual Property Strategy." Harvard Business School Module Note 721-436, February 2021.
- Article
Capturing Value from Intellectual Property (IP) in a Global Environment
By: Juan Alcácer, Karin Beukel and Bruno Cassiman
Globalization should provide firms with an opportunity to leverage their know-how and reputation across countries to create value. However, it remains challenging for them to actually capture that value using traditional Intellectual Property (IP) tools. In this paper,... View Details
Keywords: Appropriation Strategy; Counterfeit; Intellectual Property Rights; Litigation; Value Capturing; Intellectual Property; Rights; Value; Lawsuits and Litigation; Global Range; Situation or Environment
Alcácer, Juan, Karin Beukel, and Bruno Cassiman. "Capturing Value from Intellectual Property (IP) in a Global Environment." Special Issue on Geography, Location, and Strategy. Advances in Strategic Management 36 (2017): 163–228.
- 07 Sep 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property
- 2012
- Working Paper
IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property
By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
In this paper we explain how firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, we introduce the concept... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Distributed Innovation; Open Innovation; Strategy; Open Source Distribution; Value; Complexity; Intellectual Property
Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-012, August 2012. (Revised November 2012.)
- November 2015
- Article
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property (IP) rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect IP. We investigate the impact... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection." Strategic Management Journal 36, no. 11 (November 2015): 1637–1655.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property (IP) rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect IP. We investigate the impact... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Relational Contracts; Clans; Rights; Complexity; Intellectual Property
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-046, December 2013. (Revised June 2014.)
- Summer 2013
- Article
IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property
By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
Firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, this article introduces the concept of "IP... View Details
Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Distributed Innovation; Open Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Intellectual Property; Value
Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." California Management Review 55, no. 4 (Summer 2013): 65–82.
- 29 Sep 2011
- Sharpening Your Skills
Sharpening Your Skills: Leveraging Intellectual Property
professor Josh Lerner discusses current trends in IP such as the rise of patent pools. Key concepts include: In many cases, firms are ignoring the increased role of intellectual View Details
Keywords: Re: Multiple Faculty
- 30 Jan 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Modularity and Intellectual Property Protection
Keywords: by Carliss Y. Baldwin & Joachim Henkel
- March 2011 (Revised March 2014)
- Teaching Note
IP Intermediaries & Intellectual Ventures
By: Andrei Hagiu
Teaching Note for 710423 and 711486. View Details
- Article
The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: A Survey of the Empirical Literature
By: Josh Lerner and Jenny Lanjouw
Lerner, Josh, and Jenny Lanjouw. "The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: A Survey of the Empirical Literature." Special Issue on The Economics and Econometrics of Innovation. Annales d'économie et de statistique, nos. 49-50 (January–June 1998): 223–246.
- September 2008 (Revised February 2009)
- Case
Ocean Tomo: Building a Market for Intellectual Property
By: Peter A. Coles, Andrei Hagiu and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld
Ocean Tomo's management team sought to turn the company into the leading intermediary for intellectual property. Despite its increasingly important role in the global marketplace, IP remained a notoriously illiquid asset—difficult to value, harder to trade, and often... View Details
Keywords: Globalized Markets and Industries; Intellectual Property; Resource Allocation; Auctions; Market Design; Service Operations
Coles, Peter A., Andrei Hagiu, and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld. "Ocean Tomo: Building a Market for Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Case 709-404, September 2008. (Revised February 2009.)
- 2012
- Working Paper
The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect intellectual property (IP). We... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-040, December 2011. (Revised November 2012.)
- 30 May 2018
- What Do You Think?
Should Intellectual Property be Protected in International Trade?
Summing Up Does IP Ownership Belong in International Trade Deals? Intellectual property (IP) regulation remains an active issue in trade negotiations between the China and the... View Details
- 2007
- Working Paper
How to Capture Value from Innovation: Shaping Intellectual Property and Industry Architecture
By: Gary P. Pisano and David J. Teece
In making strategic decisions about how to capture value from innovation, managers often look at two critical domains—the intellectual property environment and the architecture of the industry—as beyond their control. Yet, the intellectual property environment and the... View Details
- December 2000
- Background Note
Intellectual Asset Valuation
By: Lynda M. Applegate and Gavin Clarkson
Discusses the shortcomings of the current "rules of thumb" for intellectual asset valuation in the context of intellectual property licensing transactions. As an alternative to the present scheme, this note proposes quantitative methods for such valuations in order to... View Details
Applegate, Lynda M., and Gavin Clarkson. "Intellectual Asset Valuation." Harvard Business School Background Note 801-192, December 2000.
- 13 Jan 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation
Keywords: by Carliss Y. Baldwin & Joachim Henkel
- 04 Apr 2008
- What Do You Think?
Who Owns Intellectual Property?
Summing Up Is intellectual property becoming community property? Is a new generation of users and consumers of intellectual property produced by... View Details
Keywords: by Jim Heskett
- September 2009 (Revised February 2011)
- Case
Intellectual Ventures
By: Andrei Hagiu, David B. Yoffie and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld
Intellectual Ventures creates and acquires intellectual property, which it then seeks to monetize through non-exclusive licensing. In early 2009, as an increasing number of companies were trying to position themselves as leading intermediaries in the market for... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Innovation and Invention; Intellectual Property; Rights; Service Operations; Research and Development; Technology; Service Industry
Hagiu, Andrei, David B. Yoffie, and Alison Berkley Wagonfeld. "Intellectual Ventures." Harvard Business School Case 710-423, September 2009. (Revised February 2011.)