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- All HBS Web
(1,778)
- News (272)
- Research (1,290)
- Events (5)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (617)
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- 2020
- Working Paper
Capital Regulation and Product Market Outcomes
By: Ishita Sen and David Humphry
We present evidence of product market adjustments and asset reorganizations from the largest ever shift in risk regulation in a developed insurance market. Using proprietary data on insurance risk exposures from the Bank of England, we develop a measure of regulatory... View Details
Keywords: Non-traditional-non-insurance; Risk Regulation; Product Market Concentration; Small Vs. Large Insurers; Insurance Risk Exposure; Insurance; Risk and Uncertainty; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Sen, Ishita, and David Humphry. "Capital Regulation and Product Market Outcomes." Working Paper, January 2020.
- Article
Targeting Weather Insurance Markets
By: Anita Mukherjee, Shawn Cole and Jeremy Tobacman
The suitability of insurance products often depends greatly on individual circumstances. This paper examines the challenges of heterogeneity in a relatively new product, weather‐indexed insurance. This index insurance product has been launched in over a dozen... View Details
Keywords: Index Insurance; Labor Markets; Self-insurance; Self-protection; Weather; Insurance; Markets; Household; Risk Management
Mukherjee, Anita, Shawn Cole, and Jeremy Tobacman. "Targeting Weather Insurance Markets." Journal of Risk and Insurance 88, no. 3 (September 2021): 757–784.
- Article
Regulating Hospital Prices Based on Market Concentration Is Likely to Leave High-Price Hospitals Unaffected
By: Maximilian J. Pany, Michael E. Chernew and Leemore S. Dafny
Concern about high hospital prices for commercially insured patients has motivated several proposals to regulate these prices. Such proposals often limit regulations to highly concentrated hospital markets. Using a large sample of 2017 US commercial insurance claims,... View Details
Keywords: Health Care Providers; Hospitals; Insurance Market Regulation; Price Regulation; Markets; Health Care and Treatment; Cost; Quality; Insurance; Price; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
Pany, Maximilian J., Michael E. Chernew, and Leemore S. Dafny. "Regulating Hospital Prices Based on Market Concentration Is Likely to Leave High-Price Hospitals Unaffected." Health Affairs 40, no. 9 (September 2021): 1386–1394.
- 2014
- Chapter
Comparative Regulation of Market Intermediaries: Insights from the Indian Life Insurance Market
By: Santosh Anagol, Shawn A. Cole and Shayak Sarkar
Anagol, Santosh, Shawn A. Cole, and Shayak Sarkar. "Comparative Regulation of Market Intermediaries: Insights from the Indian Life Insurance Market." Chap. 12 in Modernizing Insurance Regulation, edited by John H. Biggs and Matthew P. Richardson. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2014.
- Forthcoming
- Article
Pricing of Climate Risk Insurance: Regulation and Cross-Subsidies
By: Ishita Sen, Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva and Sangmin Oh
We study the pricing of homeowners’ insurance, a $15 trillion market essential for hedging climate-related losses. We show that insurance premiums are subject to starkly different regulations across states, creating persistent cross-subsidies and price distortions. We... View Details
Keywords: Climate Risk; Homeowners' Insurance; Price Controls; Financial Regulation; Cross-subsidization; Climate Change; Price; Risk and Uncertainty; Geographic Location; Insurance Industry; United States
Sen, Ishita, Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva, and Sangmin Oh. "Pricing of Climate Risk Insurance: Regulation and Cross-Subsidies." Journal of Finance (forthcoming).
- 1992
- Chapter
The Role of Market Value Accounting in the Regulation of Insured Depository Institutions
By: S. Datar, W. Beaver and M. Wolfson
- August 2012 (Revised January 2013)
- Case
Public Health Insurance Exchanges: The Massachusetts Experience
By: Regina Herzlinger and Jordan Bazinsky
The CEO of Tufts Health Plan, James Roosevelt, is wondering whether to offer insurance products on the Massachusetts Connector, the first U.S. exchange. He wonders if he should enter these uncharted waters at all. And, if yes, with a broad network or a narrow network... View Details
- October 2014
- Article
Are Health Insurance Markets Competitive?
By: Leemore S. Dafny
Dafny, Leemore S. "Are Health Insurance Markets Competitive?" American Economic Review 100, no. 4 (September 2010): 1399–1431.
- 2024
- Working Paper
When Insurers Exit: Climate Losses, Fragile Insurers, and Mortgage Markets
By: Ishita Sen, Pari Sastry and Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva
This paper studies how homeowners insurance markets respond to growing climate losses and how this impacts mortgage market dynamics. Using Florida as a case study, we show that traditional insurers are exiting high risk areas, and new lower quality insurers are... View Details
Keywords: Insurance; Natural Disasters; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Insurance Industry; Florida
Sen, Ishita, Pari Sastry, and Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva. "When Insurers Exit: Climate Losses, Fragile Insurers, and Mortgage Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-051, February 2024. (Revise & Resubmit, Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
- December 2011
- Article
Data Impediments to Empirical Work on Health Insurance Markets
By: Leemore S. Dafny, David Dranove, Frank Limbrock and Fiona Scott Morton
We compare four datasets that researchers might use to study competition in the health insurance industry. We show that the two datasets most commonly used to estimate market concentration differ considerably from each other (both in levels and in changes over time),... View Details
Dafny, Leemore S., David Dranove, Frank Limbrock, and Fiona Scott Morton. "Data Impediments to Empirical Work on Health Insurance Markets." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 11, no. 2 (December 2011).
- February 2019
- Article
Does It Matter If Your Health Insurer Is For Profit? Effects of Ownership on Premiums, Insurance Coverage, and Medical Spending
By: Leemore S. Dafny
There is limited empirical evidence about the impact of for-profit health insurers on various outcomes. I study the effects of conversions to for-profit status by Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) affiliates in 11 states, spanning 28 geographic markets. I find both the... View Details
Keywords: Health Insurance; Medical Loss Ratio; Blue Cross; Corporate Governance; Health; Insurance; For-Profit Firms; Insurance Industry; United States
Dafny, Leemore S. "Does It Matter If Your Health Insurer Is For Profit? Effects of Ownership on Premiums, Insurance Coverage, and Medical Spending." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 11, no. 1 (February 2019): 222–265.
- December 2016
- Article
Selective Regulator Decoupling and Organizations' Strategic Responses
By: Jonas Heese, Ranjani Krishnan and Frank Moers
Organizations often respond to institutional pressures by symbolically adopting policies and procedures but decoupling them from actual practice. Literature has examined why organizations decouple from regulatory pressures. In this study, we argue that decoupling... View Details
Keywords: Regulator Leniency; Beneficence; Mispricing; Upcoding; Nonprofit Organizations; Health Care and Treatment; Revenue; Health Industry
Heese, Jonas, Ranjani Krishnan, and Frank Moers. "Selective Regulator Decoupling and Organizations' Strategic Responses." Academy of Management Journal 59, no. 6 (December 2016). (Selected for Best Paper Proceedings of the 2015 Academy of Management Annual Meeting. Winner of the Healthcare Management Division of the Academy of Management 2015 Best Paper Award.)
- Forthcoming
- Article
Antitrust Platform Regulation and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from China
By: Ke Rong, D. Daniel Sokol, Di Zhou and Feng Zhu
Many jurisdictions have launched antitrust enforcement and brought in regulation of large tech platforms. The swift and strict implementation of China’s Anti-Monopoly Guidelines for the Platform Economy (Platform Guidelines) provides a quasi-natural experiment... View Details
Keywords: Platform; Antitrust; Regulation; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competition; Market Entry and Exit; Supply and Industry; China
Rong, Ke, D. Daniel Sokol, Di Zhou, and Feng Zhu. "Antitrust Platform Regulation and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from China." Management Science (forthcoming).
- January 2012
- Case
Taikang Insurance: Standing Out In China's Crowded Insurance Market
By: William C. Kirby and Tracy Yuen Manty
As a joint-stock insurance company in China, with both state-owned enterprises and foreign firms as investors, Taikang Insurance was becoming a force in the industry. It not only competed with well-entrenched state-owned rivals, but it was also seen as an... View Details
Kirby, William C., and Tracy Yuen Manty. "Taikang Insurance: Standing Out In China's Crowded Insurance Market." Harvard Business School Case 312-109, January 2012.
- Article
Efficiencies and Regulatory Shortcuts: How Should We Regulate Companies like Airbnb and Uber?
By: Benjamin Edelman and Damien Geradin
New software platforms use modern information technology, including full-featured web sites and mobile apps, to allow service providers and consumers to transact with relative ease and increased trust. These platforms provide notable benefits including reducing... View Details
Keywords: Platforms; Regulation; Sharing Economy; Uber; Airbnb; Universal Service; Insurance; Market Platforms; Service Delivery; Software; Service Industry
Edelman, Benjamin, and Damien Geradin. "Efficiencies and Regulatory Shortcuts: How Should We Regulate Companies like Airbnb and Uber?" Stanford Technology Law Review 19, no. 2 (2016): 293–328.
- 2012
- Working Paper
Can Implicit Regulation Change Financial Market Behavior? Evidence from Spitzer's Attack on Market Timers
This paper explores a natural experiment setup from the 2003-2004 mutual fund scandals to evaluate the effectiveness of implicit regulation on financial markets behavior. On average, buy-and-hold investors lost 218 basis points annually from 1998 to 2002 to market... View Details
- 2025
- Working Paper
Antitrust Platform Regulation and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from China
By: Ke Rong, D. Daniel Sokol, Di Zhou and Feng Zhu
Many jurisdictions have launched antitrust enforcement and brought in regulation of large tech platforms. The swift and strict implementation of China’s Anti-Monopoly Guidelines for the Platform Economy (Platform Guidelines) provides a quasi-natural experiment... View Details
Keywords: Platform; Antitrust; Regulation; Entrepreneurship; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competition; Venture Capital; Market Entry and Exit; Supply and Industry; China
Rong, Ke, D. Daniel Sokol, Di Zhou, and Feng Zhu. "Antitrust Platform Regulation and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from China." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-039, January 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
- 2017
- Working Paper
The Importance of Unemployment Insurance as an Automatic Stabilizer
By: Marco Di Maggio and Amir Kermani
We assess the extent to which unemployment insurance (UI) serves as an automatic stabilizer to mitigate the economy's sensitivity to shocks. Using a local labor market design based on heterogeneity in local benefit generosity (defined as the percentage of household... View Details
Keywords: Unemployment Insurance; Automatic Stabilizers; Bartik Shocks; Aggregate Demand; System Shocks; Employment; Balance and Stability; Insurance; Volatility; Insurance Industry
Di Maggio, Marco, and Amir Kermani. "The Importance of Unemployment Insurance as an Automatic Stabilizer." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-009, July 2016. (Revise and Resubmit to American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics.)
- 2009
- Working Paper
Labor Regulations and European Private Equity
By: Ant Bozkaya and William R. Kerr
European nations substitute between employment protection regulations and labor market expenditures (e.g., unemployment insurance benefits) for providing worker insurance. Employment regulations more directly tax firms making frequent labor adjustments than other labor... View Details
Keywords: Venture Capital; Private Equity; Insurance; Investment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Taxation; Employment; Europe
Bozkaya, Ant, and William R. Kerr. "Labor Regulations and European Private Equity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-043, December 2009.
- August 2018 (Revised August 2019)
- Case
Oscar Health Insurance: What Lies Ahead for a Unicorn Insurance Entrant?
By: Leemore Dafny and Victoria Marone
Keywords: Oscar Insurance; Fintech; US Health Care; Affordable Care Act (ACA); Health Insurance Marketplaces; Insurer Competition; Provider Consolidation; Market Entry; Health Care and Treatment; Entrepreneurship; Market Entry and Exit; Negotiation; Growth Management; Insurance Industry; Insurance Industry; New York (state, US); New Jersey
Dafny, Leemore, and Victoria Marone. "Oscar Health Insurance: What Lies Ahead for a Unicorn Insurance Entrant?" Harvard Business School Case 319-025, August 2018. (Revised August 2019.)