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- February 2005 (Revised March 2009)
- Case
Arauco (A): Forward Integration or Horizontal Expansion?
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Jorge Tarzijan and Jordan Mitchell
Celulosa Arauco is a major Chilean producer of market pulp and wood products. Owning over 1.2 million hectares of forest in Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay, the company's key advantage is the ideal growing conditions in which the company's forests are located. As of... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Competitive Advantage; Diversification; Expansion; Vertical Integration; Forest Products Industry; Chile
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Jorge Tarzijan, and Jordan Mitchell. "Arauco (A): Forward Integration or Horizontal Expansion?" Harvard Business School Case 705-474, February 2005. (Revised March 2009.)
- July 2008 (Revised April 2009)
- Background Note
Horizontal Specialization and Modularity in the Semiconductor Industry
By: Willy C. Shih, Chintay Shih and Chen-Fu Chien
Well-codified interfaces have enabled horizontal specialization in the global semiconductor industry. This Technical Note describes the modern integrated circuit value chain, and the motivation for the reuse of blocks of intellectual property in modern IC designs. It... View Details
Keywords: Customer Value and Value Chain; Intellectual Property; Industry Structures; Horizontal Integration; Semiconductor Industry
Shih, Willy C., Chintay Shih, and Chen-Fu Chien. "Horizontal Specialization and Modularity in the Semiconductor Industry." Harvard Business School Background Note 609-001, July 2008. (Revised April 2009.)
- June 2015
- Case
TAV Airports Holding (A)
By: Juan Alcácer and Esel Çekin
This case explores the strategic options available to TAV Airports Holding, a Turkish firm, after it withdraws from a bid to build Istanbul's newest airport. The new airport would eventually replace Istanbul Atatürk Airport, where TAV makes 43% of its current revenue,... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Vertical Integration; Horizontal Integration; International Expansion; Infrastructure; Corporate Strategy
Alcácer, Juan, and Esel Çekin. "TAV Airports Holding (A)." Harvard Business School Case 715-449, June 2015.
- October 2005 (Revised February 2008)
- Case
Sales Force Integration at FedEx (A)
By: David B. Godes
Federal Express' (FedEx) recent acquisition of RPS--a ground delivery firm--gave the firm the potential to offer a single source for a client's delivery needs. However, to deliver on this potential, the firm needed to deliver the integrated solution through a single... View Details
Keywords: Horizontal Integration; Salesforce Management; Transportation; Compensation and Benefits; Transportation Industry
Godes, David B. "Sales Force Integration at FedEx (A)." Harvard Business School Case 506-029, October 2005. (Revised February 2008.)
- February 2005
- Article
European Integration and Corporate Restructuring: The Strategy of Unilever c1957-c1990
By: Geoffrey Jones and Peter Miskell
This article examines the role of the large Anglo-Dutch consumer products company in promoting European integration. It shows that Unilever contributed financially to campaigns to support the creation of the European Union, and its subsequent expansion, despite a... View Details
Keywords: Horizontal Integration; Organizations; Policy; Expansion; Market Transactions; Geographic Location; Restructuring; Competition; Brands and Branding; Production; Capital Structure; Value; Consumer Products Industry; European Union; United States
Jones, Geoffrey, and Peter Miskell. "European Integration and Corporate Restructuring: The Strategy of Unilever c1957-c1990." Economic History Review 58, no. 1 (February 2005): 113–139.
- October 2009
- Supplement
Merger of Equals: The Integration of Mellon Financial and The Bank of New York (C)
By: Ryan D. Taliaferro, Clayton S. Rose and David Lane
[Continuation of "A" and "B" cases.] Less than a month after the close of the merger between The Bank of New York and Mellon Financial, managers at the two firms realized that plans for combining their asset servicing businesses – and realizing the $180 million of... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Horizontal Integration; Financial Institutions; Business Processes; Risk Management; Strategy; Market Transactions; Assets; System; Saving; Banking Industry; New York (state, US)
Taliaferro, Ryan D., Clayton S. Rose, and David Lane. "Merger of Equals: The Integration of Mellon Financial and The Bank of New York (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 210-028, October 2009.
- July 2008 (Revised September 2009)
- Supplement
Arauco (B): "Papel" in Brazil
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Jorge Tarzijan and Jordan Mitchell
This is Part B to the "Arauco: Forward Integration or Horizontal Expansion?" case. This short case looks at the company in late 2007 after it has decided to invest in a Brazilian joint venture involving forests, saw mills, and a paper mill. The case acts as an epilogue... View Details
Keywords: Joint Ventures; Investment; Vertical Integration; Forest Products Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry; Brazil; Chile
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Jorge Tarzijan, and Jordan Mitchell. Arauco (B): "Papel" in Brazil. Harvard Business School Supplement 709-416, July 2008. (Revised September 2009.)
- February 2015
- Supplement
MedCath Corporation (C)
By: Regina E. Herzlinger, Kevin Schulman and F. Fallon Upke
MedCath is a horizontally integrated chain of heart hospitals that partners with local cardiologists. It claims that its focus leads to better and cheaper results than those of an everything-for-everybody general hospital. Community hospitals generally vehemently... View Details
Keywords: Medical Specialties; Market Entry and Exit; Service Delivery; Conflict and Resolution; Horizontal Integration; Health Industry
Herzlinger, Regina E., Kevin Schulman, and F. Fallon Upke. "MedCath Corporation (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 315-018, February 2015.
- September 2002 (Revised January 2013)
- Case
MedCath Corporation (A)
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Pete Stavros
MedCath is a horizontally integrated chain of heart hospitals that partners with local cardiologists. It claims that its focus leads to better and cheaper results than those of an everything-for-everybody general hospital. Community hospitals generally vehemently... View Details
Keywords: Medical Specialties; Market Entry and Exit; Service Delivery; Conflict and Resolution; Horizontal Integration; Health Industry
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Pete Stavros. "MedCath Corporation (A)." Harvard Business School Case 303-041, September 2002. (Revised January 2013.)
- June 2008
- Case
System on a Chip 2008: Global Unichip Corp.
By: Willy C. Shih, Chintay Shih, Chen-Fu Chien and Yuan-Chieh Chang
Though much of the semiconductor industry has shifted to a horizontal model, complexity driven by technological evolution is driving a shift in the perceived boundaries in the value chain. Global Unichip sees itself as a "virtual integrated device manufacturer," a... View Details
Keywords: Customer Value and Value Chain; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Boundaries; Semiconductor Industry
Shih, Willy C., Chintay Shih, Chen-Fu Chien, and Yuan-Chieh Chang. "System on a Chip 2008: Global Unichip Corp." Harvard Business School Case 608-159, June 2008.
- Article
The New Face of Chinese Industrial Policy: Making Sense of Anti-Dumping Cases in the Petrochemical and Steel Industries.
Why have China's petrochemical and steel industries behaved so differently in seeking trade protection through anti-dumping measures, especially given that both industries face the full force of the global economy? We argue that the patterning of anti-dumping actions... View Details
Keywords: Policy; Trade; Economy; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Motivation and Incentives; Marketing Channels; Industry Structures; System Shocks; Price; Restructuring; Interests; Energy Industry; Steel Industry; China
Abrami, Regina M., and Yu Zheng. "The New Face of Chinese Industrial Policy: Making Sense of Anti-Dumping Cases in the Petrochemical and Steel Industries." Journal of East Asian Studies 11, no. 3 (September–December 2011).
- July 2013 (Revised July 2013)
- Case
Powerchip Semiconductor Corporation
By: Willy Shih and Chen-Fu Chien
Powerchip Semiconductor Corporation has a horizontal firm structure in an industry that is predominantly organized vertically. While it has been successful in up markets, in the current down market its strategic rationale was being tested. As a capital-intensive... View Details
Keywords: Industry Structures; Organizational Structure; Partners and Partnerships; Competition; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Semiconductor Industry; Taiwan
Shih, Willy, and Chen-Fu Chien. "Powerchip Semiconductor Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 609-063, July 2013. (Revised July 2013.)
- August 2008
- Case
System on a Chip 2008: Ardentec Corporation
By: Willy C. Shih, Chen-Fu Chien, Chintay Shih and Ting-Chen Chen
Ardentec Corporation is a specialist in "wafer probing," a highly specialized niche sandwiched between the "front-end" and the "back-end" of semiconductor manufacturing. Because the semiconductor industry uses modular processes and has standard containers for the... View Details
Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Industry Structures; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Manufacturing Industry; Semiconductor Industry
Shih, Willy C., Chen-Fu Chien, Chintay Shih, and Ting-Chen Chen. "System on a Chip 2008: Ardentec Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 609-026, August 2008.
- 2007
- Working Paper
Competition in Modular Clusters
By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and C. Jason Woodard
The last twenty years have witnessed the rise of disaggregated "clusters," "networks," or "ecosystems" of firms. In these clusters the activities of R&D, product design, production, distribution, and system integration may be split up among hundreds or even thousands... View Details
Keywords: Price; Profit; Digital Platforms; Industry Clusters; Competition; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration
Baldwin, Carliss Y., and C. Jason Woodard. "Competition in Modular Clusters." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-042, December 2007.
- 11 Sep 2008
- Working Paper Summaries
Competing Complements
- December 2014 (Revised March 2018)
- Case
John D. Rockefeller: The Richest Man in the World
By: Tom Nicholas and Vasiliki Fouka
By the late nineteenth century scale and managerial hierarchies had extended to several major industrial sectors of the U.S. economy. Although the precise mechanisms often varied, this process mainly involved horizontal integration, some form of legal or administrative... View Details
Keywords: Horizontal Integration; Wealth; Business History; Vertical Integration; Consolidation; Personal Development and Career; Energy Industry; United States
Nicholas, Tom, and Vasiliki Fouka. "John D. Rockefeller: The Richest Man in the World." Harvard Business School Case 815-088, December 2014. (Revised March 2018.)
- June 2021
- Case
Mobileye 2021: Robotaxi and/or Consumer AV?
By: David B. Yoffie, Danielle Golan and Nicole Tempest Keller
In March 2021, Amnon Shashua, co-founder and CEO of Israel-based Mobileye, was preparing to meet with Intel’s new CEO, Pat Gelsinger, to review plans for the future. Mobileye had been acquired by California-based Intel in 2017, but still operated independently.... View Details
Keywords: Technology Companies; Robotics; Autonomous Vehicles; Strategy; Decision Making; Transportation; Technological Innovation; Technology Industry; Auto Industry; Transportation Industry; Israel
Yoffie, David B., Danielle Golan, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Mobileye 2021: Robotaxi and/or Consumer AV?" Harvard Business School Case 721-481, June 2021.
- November 2004 (Revised January 2007)
- Case
Ice-Fili (Abridged)
By: John R. Wells, Pai-Ling Yin and Michael G. Rukstad
Designed as an overview of all aspects of the strategy process: industry analysis, positioning, dynamics and sustainability, and scope issues of corporate strategy, including vertical integration, horizontal diversification, and location issues. Ice-Fili is the largest... View Details
Keywords: Product Positioning; Geographic Location; Competition; Vertical Integration; Corporate Strategy; Retail Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Russia
Wells, John R., Pai-Ling Yin, and Michael G. Rukstad. "Ice-Fili (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 705-441, November 2004. (Revised January 2007.)
- 2010
- Working Paper
The New Face of Chinese Industrial Policy: Making Sense of Anti-Dumping Cases in the Petrochemical and Steel Industries
By: Regina Abrami and Yu Zheng
Why have China's petrochemical and steel industries behaved so differently in seeking trade protection through antidumping measures? We argue that the patterning of antidumping actions is best explained in terms of the political economy of economic restructuring in... View Details
Keywords: Trade; Price; Policy; Business and Government Relations; Competition; Chemical Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Steel Industry; China
Abrami, Regina, and Yu Zheng. "The New Face of Chinese Industrial Policy: Making Sense of Anti-Dumping Cases in the Petrochemical and Steel Industries." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-042, October 2010.
- 14 May 2001
- Research & Ideas
Are You Managing To a ‘T’? Time To Break With Tradition
intellectual resources—using existing knowledge to improve performance or combining strands of knowledge to create something altogether new—can help companies respond to a surprising array of challenges, from fending off smaller, nimbler rivals to View Details
Keywords: by Morten T. Hansen & Bolko Von Oetinger