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- All HBS Web
(2,121)
- People (3)
- News (411)
- Research (1,381)
- Events (11)
- Multimedia (2)
- Faculty Publications (438)
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- September 2005 (Revised March 2009)
- Background Note
Developing an Effective Living Group
By: Michael Beer, John J. Gabarro and Michael L. Tushman
Discusses the importance of living room groups (eight participants who share a living room) in Harvard Business School's Advanced Management Program developing into effective learning groups. The diversity of the groups is a strength, but only a conscious and concerted... View Details
Keywords: Executive Education; Groups and Teams; Competency and Skills; Learning; Diversity; Growth and Development
Beer, Michael, John J. Gabarro, and Michael L. Tushman. "Developing an Effective Living Group." Harvard Business School Background Note 406-051, September 2005. (Revised March 2009.)
- August 2006 (Revised March 2007)
- Background Note
Developing an Effective Living Group in the General Management Program
By: Michael Beer and John J. Gabarro
Discusses the importance of living room groups (eight participants who share a living room) at Harvard Business School's Advanced Management Program developing into effective learning groups. The diversity of the groups is a strength, but only a conscious and concerted... View Details
Keywords: Groups and Teams
Beer, Michael, and John J. Gabarro. "Developing an Effective Living Group in the General Management Program." Harvard Business School Background Note 407-022, August 2006. (Revised March 2007.)
- May – June 2011
- Article
Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth: How High Status Individuals Decrease Group Effectiveness
By: Boris Groysberg, Jeffrey T. Polzer and Hillary Anger Elfenbein
Can groups become effective simply by assembling high status individual performers? Though an affirmative answer may seem straightforward on the surface, this answer becomes more complicated when group members benefit from collaborating on interdependent tasks.... View Details
Keywords: Groups and Teams; Equity; Theory; Human Resources; Integration; Body of Literature; Performance Effectiveness; Status and Position; Experience and Expertise
Groysberg, Boris, Jeffrey T. Polzer, and Hillary Anger Elfenbein. "Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth: How High Status Individuals Decrease Group Effectiveness." Organization Science 22, no. 3 (May–June 2011): 722–737.
- 1994
- Article
Doing Diversity: Effectively Managing Identity Group Difference in Organization
By: D. A. Thomas
Thomas, D. A. "Doing Diversity: Effectively Managing Identity Group Difference in Organization." Business Ethics Forum 7 (1994): 23–32.
- January 2001
- Article
Estimating the Performance Effects of Business Groups in Emerging Markets
By: Tarun Khanna and J. Rivkin
Khanna, Tarun, and J. Rivkin. "Estimating the Performance Effects of Business Groups in Emerging Markets." Strategic Management Journal 22, no. 1 (January 2001): 45–74. (Winner of Academy of Management. Business Policy and Strategy Division. Best Paper Award presented by Academy of Management.)
- Article
No Unique Effect of Intergroup Competition on Cooperation: Non-competitive Thresholds Are as Effective as Competitions between Groups for Increasing Human Cooperative Behavior
By: Matthew R. Jordan, Jillian J. Jordan and David G. Rand
Explaining cooperation remains a central topic for evolutionary theorists. Many have argued that group selection provides such an explanation: theoretical models show that intergroup competition could have given rise to cooperation that is costly for the individual.... View Details
Keywords: Intergroup Competition; Threshold Public Goods Game; Multi-level Selection; Cooperation; Groups and Teams; Competition
Jordan, Matthew R., Jillian J. Jordan, and David G. Rand. "No Unique Effect of Intergroup Competition on Cooperation: Non-competitive Thresholds Are as Effective as Competitions between Groups for Increasing Human Cooperative Behavior." Evolution and Human Behavior 38, no. 1 (January 2017): 102–108.
- January 1997
- Article
The Effect of Multiple Anchors on Anchoring Individual and Group Judgment
By: James K. Sebenius and Glen Whyte
Sebenius, James K., and Glen Whyte. "The Effect of Multiple Anchors on Anchoring Individual and Group Judgment." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 69, no. 1 (January 1997): 75–85.
- Article
Thin Slices of Workgroups
By: Patricia Satterstrom, Jeffrey T. Polzer, Lisa Kwan, Oliver P. Hauser, Wannawiruch Wiruchnipawan and Marina Burke
In this paper, we explore whether perceivers can accurately assess the effectiveness of groups, how perceivers use group properties to inform their judgment, and the contextual and individual differences that allow some perceivers to be more accurate. Across seven... View Details
Keywords: Group Perception; Group Effectiveness; Thin Slices; Social Sensitivity; Attentional Focus; Groups and Teams; Performance Effectiveness; Perception
Satterstrom, Patricia, Jeffrey T. Polzer, Lisa Kwan, Oliver P. Hauser, Wannawiruch Wiruchnipawan, and Marina Burke. "Thin Slices of Workgroups." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 151 (March 2019): 104–117.
- 2014
- Working Paper
Team Scaffolds: How Meso-Level Structures Support Role-based Coordination in Temporary Groups
By: Melissa A. Valentine and Amy C. Edmondson
This paper shows how meso-level structures support effective coordination in temporary groups. Prior research on coordination in temporary groups describes how roles encode individual responsibilities so that coordination between relative strangers is possible. We... View Details
Keywords: Fluid Personnel; Team Scaffolds; Team Effectiveness; Role-based Coordination; Multi-method; Health Care and Treatment; Analytics and Data Science; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Organizational Structure; Outcome or Result; Performance Effectiveness; Groups and Teams; Networks; Behavior; Balance and Stability; Health Industry
Valentine, Melissa A., and Amy C. Edmondson. "Team Scaffolds: How Meso-Level Structures Support Role-based Coordination in Temporary Groups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-062, January 2012. (Revised June 2014.)
- Article
Team Scaffolds: How Mesolevel Structures Enable Role-based Coordination in Temporary Groups
By: M. Valentine and A. C. Edmondson
This paper shows how meso-level structures support effective coordination in temporary groups. Prior research on coordination in temporary groups describes how roles encode individual responsibilities so that coordination between relative strangers is possible. We... View Details
Keywords: Fluid Personnel; Team Scaffolds; Team Effectiveness; Role-based Coordination; Multi-method; Service Delivery; Organizational Structure; Groups and Teams; Performance Efficiency
Valentine, M., and A. C. Edmondson. "Team Scaffolds: How Mesolevel Structures Enable Role-based Coordination in Temporary Groups." Organization Science 26, no. 2 (March–April 2015): 405–422.
- August 2006
- Background Note
Analyzing Work Groups
By: Linda A. Hill and Michel Anteby
Work groups are the building blocks of organizations. They are found in all areas of an organization, from research and development to customer service, and at all levels, from the executive suite to the factory floor. Some are incredibly successful, while others are... View Details
Keywords: Framework; Leadership Style; Service Operations; Organizational Culture; Performance Effectiveness; Groups and Teams; Research and Development; Behavior
Hill, Linda A., and Michel Anteby. "Analyzing Work Groups." Harvard Business School Background Note 407-032, August 2006.
- 2016
- Article
Recursive Mentalizing and Common Knowledge in the Bystander Effect
By: Kyle A. Thomas, Julian De Freitas, Peter DiScioli and Steven Pinker
The more potential helpers there are, the less likely any individual is to help. A traditional explanation
for this bystander effect is that responsibility diffuses across the multiple bystanders, diluting the responsibility of each. We investigate an... View Details
Keywords: Bystander Effect; Diffusion Of Responsibility; Volunteer's Dilemma; Common Knowledge; Theory Of Mind; Behavior; Theory
Thomas, Kyle A., Julian De Freitas, Peter DiScioli, and Steven Pinker. "Recursive Mentalizing and Common Knowledge in the Bystander Effect." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 145, no. 5 (2016): 621–629.
- 11 Mar 2001
- Research & Ideas
Group Therapy
consequences of group affiliation for several years now, often with HBS professor Krishna G. Palepu. His current research, much of which is set in Latin America, focuses on several important aspects of business groups: their View Details
Keywords: by Peter Jacobs
- January 2023
- Module Note
Network Effects in Technology
By: Andy Wu and Matt Higgins
In business and strategy contexts, network effects are often accompanied by bandwagon (or herding) effects, positive feedback loops (or accumulated advantage effects), and market tipping (or winner-take-all dynamics). Though these phenomena are often grouped together... View Details
Wu, Andy, and Matt Higgins. "Network Effects in Technology." Harvard Business School Module Note 723-417, January 2023.
- Article
Cultural Diversity at Work: The Moderating Effects of Work Group Perspectives on Diversity
By: R. J. Ely and D. A. Thomas
Ely, R. J., and D. A. Thomas. "Cultural Diversity at Work: The Moderating Effects of Work Group Perspectives on Diversity." Administrative Science Quarterly 46, no. 2 (June 2001): 229–273. (Winner of Administrative Science Quarterly Award for Scholarly Contribution Given annually for the most significant paper in the field of organization studies published in ASQ five years earlier.)
- March 1997
- Article
Incentives and Cooperation: The Joint Effects of Task and Reward Interdependence on Group Performance
By: George P. Baker and Ruth Wageman
Baker, George P., and Ruth Wageman. "Incentives and Cooperation: The Joint Effects of Task and Reward Interdependence on Group Performance." Journal of Organizational Behavior 18, no. 2 (March 1997).
- October 2021 (Revised February 2023)
- Case
Ant Group (A)
By: Krishna G. Palepu, Feng Zhu, Susie L. Ma and Kerry Herman
In 2004, Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba created Alipay, an app to facilitate payments on its e-commerce sites. As Alibaba grew, so did Alipay, until Alipay spawned its own ecosystem of financial technology products and services under the name of Ant Group. By 2020,... View Details
Keywords: Payment Systems; Information Technology; Value Creation; Network Effects; Strategy; Disruptive Innovation; Initial Public Offering; Technology Industry; Financial Services Industry; China
Palepu, Krishna G., Feng Zhu, Susie L. Ma, and Kerry Herman. "Ant Group (A)." Harvard Business School Case 122-003, October 2021. (Revised February 2023.)
- 2000
- Working Paper
Cultural Diversity at Work: The Moderating Effects of Work Group Perspectives on Diversity
By: R. J. Ely and D. A. Thomas
- August 2000
- Article
Should We Create a Niche or Fall in Line? Identity Negotiation and Small Group Effectiveness
By: W. Swann, L. Milton and J. Polzer
Swann, W., L. Milton, and J. Polzer. "Should We Create a Niche or Fall in Line? Identity Negotiation and Small Group Effectiveness." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79, no. 2 (August 2000): 238–250.
- March 1977
- Article
Some Effects on Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women
By: R. M. Kanter
Kanter, R. M. "Some Effects on Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women." American Journal of Sociology 82 (March 1977): 965–90. (Reprintings include: Representative Bureaucracy, edited by J. Dolan and D. Rosenbloom. M.E. Sharpe, 2002; Readings in Sociology, edited by R. Curtis. Kendall-Hunt Publishing, 1988; Women and Symbolic Interaction, edited by M.J. Deegan and M. Hill. N.Y.: Allen Unwin, 1986; The Gender Gap and Psychotherapy, edited by E. Carmen and P. Ricker. N.Y.: Plenum, 1984; The Substance of Social Deviance, edited by R.A. Farrell and V.L. Swigert. Alfred Publishing, 1978; Sociological Inventory, Vol. 1, 1979; Reader in Complex Organizations, edited by A. Etzioni and E.W. Lehman. N.Y.: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1980; Sociology: Contemporary Introductory Readings, edited by J. And A. Stimson. Ithaca, N.Y.: Peacock, 1983.)