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(412)
- News (64)
- Research (250)
- Events (1)
- Multimedia (2)
- Faculty Publications (158)
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- 1992
- Chapter
Issues of Participation and Rights Allocation in Tradeable Permits Systems to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
By: James K. Sebenius and Michael Grubb
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Climate Change; Pollutants; Science-Based Business
Sebenius, James K., and Michael Grubb. "Issues of Participation and Rights Allocation in Tradeable Permits Systems to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions." In Tradeable Permits to Reduce Greenhouse Gases, edited by Jan Corfee, 181–222. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 1992.
- September 2023
- Teaching Note
CMA CGM: Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Container Shipping
By: Willy Shih
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 623-006. Marine transport is the most cost-effective way to move large volumes over long distances, and container shipping is the backbone of international trade in goods. Yet shipping contributed 3% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions,... View Details
- November 2023 (Revised November 2024)
- Case
Decarbonizing Shipping at A.P. Møller-Maersk (A)
By: Willy Shih, Michael W. Toffel and Kelsey Carter
Container shipping was responsible for moving more than 80% of globally traded goods, and almost 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. A.P. Møller-Maersk, one of the top three container lines, conducted an extensive lifecycle assessment (LCA) of alternative fuels,... View Details
Keywords: Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Energy Sources; Environmental Sustainability; Ship Transportation; Shipping Industry
Shih, Willy, Michael W. Toffel, and Kelsey Carter. "Decarbonizing Shipping at A.P. Møller-Maersk (A)." Harvard Business School Case 624-049, November 2023. (Revised November 2024.)
- June 2024
- Simulation
Vehicle Lifecycle Emissions Calculator
This Vehicle Lifecycle Emissions Calculator calculates the greenhouse gas emissions over the lifespan of internal combustion engine (ICEs) vehicles, battery electric vehicles (BEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), including those associated with their... View Details
Keywords: Decarbonization; Environment; Carbon Accounting; Carbon; Carbon Abatement; Electric Vehicles; Automobiles; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Technological Innovation; Supply Chain; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Climate Change; Transportation; Transportation Industry; Auto Industry; Battery Industry
- 2025
- Working Paper
Methane Abatement Costs in the Oil and Gas Industry: Survey and Synthesis
By: Joseph E. Aldy, Forest Reinhardt and Robert N. Stavins
There is growing recognition of the relative importance of anthropogenic emissions of methane as a contributor to global climate change. An important source of such emissions in some countries, including the United States, is the oil and gas (O&G) sector. This points... View Details
Keywords: Emission Reduction; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Pollutants; Energy Industry
Aldy, Joseph E., Forest Reinhardt, and Robert N. Stavins. "Methane Abatement Costs in the Oil and Gas Industry: Survey and Synthesis." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 33564, March 2025.
- Article
Hurry or Wait: The Pros and Cons of Going Fast or Slow on Climate Change
By: Eleanor Denny and Jurgen Weiss
Climate change risk will likely force the de-carbonization of our electricity sector and thus involve massive investments in long-lived assets using many new and emerging technologies. Since technological progress (independent or dependent on deployment) will likely... View Details
Keywords: Electricity Sector; Environmental Risks; Fat Tails; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Climate Change; Information Technology; Investment; Technological Innovation; Cost vs Benefits
Denny, Eleanor, and Jurgen Weiss. "Hurry or Wait: The Pros and Cons of Going Fast or Slow on Climate Change." Economists' Voice 12, no. 1 (August 2015): 19–24.
- Article
We Need Better Carbon Accounting. Here's How to Get There.
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Any effective system of greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting needs to measure each company’s supply-chain carbon impacts accurately. Such information would provide visibility and incentives for the company to make more climate-friendly product-specification and purchasing... View Details
Keywords: Accounting; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; GHG; Carbon Accounting; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Supply Chain
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "We Need Better Carbon Accounting. Here's How to Get There." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 12, 2022).
- 2023
- Working Paper
Toward Decision-Useful Carbon Information
By: Gunther Glenk
Companies are increasingly viewed as crucial drivers for timely decarbonization. Current accounting practices for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, however, often leave corporate carbon disclosures and abatement obscured. Here I introduce a taxonomy for assuring the... View Details
Keywords: Carbon Emissions; Decarbonization; Carbon Accounting; Net-zero Emissions; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Environment; Environmental Impact; Management; Sustainable Cities; Corporate Disclosure; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Accounting Industry; Consulting Industry; Energy Industry; Auto Industry; Construction Industry; Transportation Industry; Financial Services Industry; Green Technology Industry; Industrial Products Industry; Information Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Public Administration Industry; Steel Industry; Utilities Industry; Europe; North America; South America; Africa; Asia
Glenk, Gunther. "Toward Decision-Useful Carbon Information." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-026, September 2023. (TRR 266 Accounting for Transparency Working Paper Series, No. 121, May 2023.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
Accounting for Product Impact in the Oil and Gas Industry
By: Katie Panella, George Serafeim and Katie Trinh
We apply the product impact measurement framework of the Impact-Weighted Accounts Initiative (IWAI) in two competitor companies within the oil and gas industry. We design a monetization methodology that allows us to calculate monetary product impact estimates of... View Details
Keywords: Product Innovation; Impact; Impact Investing; Impact Measurement; ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; ESG Ratings; Social Corporate Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility; Social Impact; Oil; Oil ＆ Gas; Oil And Gas; IWAI; Impact-Weighted Accounts; Product Design; Product Positioning; Society; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Product
Panella, Katie, George Serafeim, and Katie Trinh. "Accounting for Product Impact in the Oil and Gas Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-140, June 2021.
- June 2024
- Article
Economics of Enhanced Methane Oxidation Relative to Carbon Dioxide Removal
By: Conor Hickey and Myles Allen
Mitigating short-term global warming is imperative, and a key strategy involves reducing atmospheric methane (CH4) due to its high radiative forcing and short lifespan. This objective can be achieved through methods such as oxidising methane at its source or... View Details
Keywords: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Pollutants; Research; Measurement and Metrics
Hickey, Conor, and Myles Allen. "Economics of Enhanced Methane Oxidation Relative to Carbon Dioxide Removal." Art. 4043. Environmental Research Letters 19, no. 6 (June 2024).
- 17 Apr 2012
- Working Paper Summaries
Technology Choice and Capacity Portfolios Under Emissions Regulation
- Article
Accounting for Climate Change
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Corporations are facing growing pressure—from investors, advocacy groups, politicians, and even business leaders themselves—to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from their operations and their supply and distribution chains. About 90% of the companies in the S&P... View Details
Keywords: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation; Social Accounting; E-liabilities; Business And The Environment; Climate Change; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "Accounting for Climate Change." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 6 (November–December 2021): 120–131.
- August 2021 (Revised April 2023)
- Case
Dandelion: Making Geothermal Heat Pumps a Real Option
By: Jurgen Weiss
Keywords: Electricity Distribution; Decarbonization; Geothermal Electricity; Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Weiss, Jurgen. "Dandelion: Making Geothermal Heat Pumps a Real Option." Harvard Business School Case 722-010, August 2021. (Revised April 2023.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
How to Fix ESG Reporting
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
Investors, advocacy groups, academics, and the 200 CEOs of the US Business Roundtable have asked corporations to take on an added purpose beyond a narrow pursuit of shareholder value. In response, many companies now issue ESG (Environmental, Societal, and Governance)... View Details
Keywords: ESG Reporting; Sustainability; Corporate Purpose; Greenhouse Gas; Activity-Based Costing; Environmental Sustainability; Environmental Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Measurement and Metrics; Goals and Objectives; Agreements and Arrangements; Corporate Accountability
Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "How to Fix ESG Reporting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-005, July 2021.
- 22 Nov 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Carbon Tariffs: Impacts on Technology Choice, Regional Competitiveness, and Global Emissions
- 2022
- Article
Reversible Power-to-Gas Systems for Energy Conversion and Storage
By: Gunther Glenk and Stefan Reichelstein
In the transition to decarbonized energy systems, Power-to-Gas (PtG) processes have the potential to connect the existing markets for electricity and hydrogen. Specifically, reversible PtG systems can convert electricity to hydrogen at times of ample power supply, yet... View Details
Keywords: Decarbonization; Energy Storage; Renewable Energy; Batteries; Carbon Emissions; Green Hydrogen; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Energy; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Decision Making; Investment; Operations; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Transportation Industry; Industrial Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Auto Industry; Europe; North America; South America; Africa; Asia
Glenk, Gunther, and Stefan Reichelstein. "Reversible Power-to-Gas Systems for Energy Conversion and Storage." Art. 2010. Nature Communications 13 (2022).
- March 2019
- Article
Is There a Future for the Gas Network in a Low Carbon Energy System?
By: Conor Hickey, Paul Deane, Celine McInerney and Brian O' Gallachoir
This paper evaluates the potential low carbon opportunities for and challenges to the utilisation and financial
performance of Ireland's gas distribution network within a series of low carbon scenarios. There has been a
limited amount of academic literature published... View Details
Keywords: Decarbonization; Investment; Risk and Uncertainty; Environmental Sustainability; Demand and Consumers; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Republic of Ireland
Hickey, Conor, Paul Deane, Celine McInerney, and Brian O' Gallachoir. "Is There a Future for the Gas Network in a Low Carbon Energy System?" Energy Policy 126 (March 2019): 480–493.
- April 2024
- Article
Model-based Financial Regulations Impair the Transition to Net-zero Carbon Emissions
By: Matteo Gasparini, Matthew C. Ives, Ben Carr, Sophie Fry and Eric Beinhocker
Investments via the financial system are essential for fostering the green transition. However, the role of existing financial regulations in influencing investment decisions is understudied. Here we analyse data from the European Banking Authority to show that... View Details
Gasparini, Matteo, Matthew C. Ives, Ben Carr, Sophie Fry, and Eric Beinhocker. "Model-based Financial Regulations Impair the Transition to Net-zero Carbon Emissions." Nature Climate Change 14, no. 5 (April 2024): 434–435.
- May 2022
- Teaching Note
Climate Action in Miami
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Martinez
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 322-101. The Miami metropolitan area is a global epicenter of climate risk from heat and sea level rise, but leaders have only recently mobilized for action to respond to this systemic challenge. Resilient 305 began a collaboration across... View Details
- May 2023 (Revised June 2023)
- Case
Harvard University and Urban Mining Industries: Decarbonizing the Supply Chain
By: Shirley Lu and Robert S. Kaplan
The case describes Harvard University’s consideration to decarbonize its supply chain by replacing cement with a low-carbon substitute called Pozzotive®. Developed and produced by Urban Mining Industries, Pozzotive® is a ground-glass material made with post-consumer... View Details
Keywords: Carbon Emissions; Blockchain; Supply Chain; Green Technology; Climate Change; Environmental Sustainability
Lu, Shirley, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Harvard University and Urban Mining Industries: Decarbonizing the Supply Chain." Harvard Business School Case 123-076, May 2023. (Revised June 2023.)