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      • Faculty Publications  (258)

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      • June 2025
      • Article

      Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap

      By: June Huang and Shirley Lu
      We study whether voluntary gender diversity disclosure is predictive of gender diversity performance. Exploiting a mandate in the United Kingdom that requires firms to disclose 2017 gender pay gap ("GPG") data for the first time, we find that providing voluntary gender... View Details
      Keywords: Pay Gap; Diversity; Gender; Wages; Reputation; Corporate Disclosure; United Kingdom
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      Huang, June, and Shirley Lu. "Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap." Accounting, Organizations and Society 114 (June 2025).
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      The Limits of Insurance Demand and the Growing Protection Gap

      By: Parinitha Sastry, Tess Scharlemann, Ishita Sen and Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva
      In a world with rising risk, how much are U.S. households willing to pay for homeowners insurance, and what does their demand imply for the future of insurance markets? We provide the first estimates of household willingness to pay for homeowners insurance and the... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Risk and Uncertainty; Insurance; Personal Finance; Consumer Behavior; Mortgages
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      Sastry, Parinitha, Tess Scharlemann, Ishita Sen, and Ana-Maria Tenekedjieva. "The Limits of Insurance Demand and the Growing Protection Gap." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-054, February 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Navigating Choppy Waters: How U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty Affects Small Businesses

      By: David Atkin, Zoë Cullen and Ebehi Iyoha
      This paper explores the impact of recent changes in the US trade policy environment on small businesses. Drawing on a survey of more than 4,000 small businesses conducted between March 22 and 31, 2025, we examine firms’ knowledge, expectations, and decisions during... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Risk and Uncertainty; Government Legislation; Globalization; International Relations; Small Business
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      Atkin, David, Zoë Cullen, and Ebehi Iyoha. "Navigating Choppy Waters: How U.S. Trade Policy Uncertainty Affects Small Businesses." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-048, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Training Within Firms

      By: Brayan Diaz, Andrea Neyra-Nazarrett, Julian Ramirez, Raffaella Sadun and Jorge Tamayo
      Training investments are essential for improving worker and firm productivity, yet their implementation is often hindered by low participation rates and insufficient worker engagement. This study uses data from three firms–a car manufacturer, a quick-service... View Details
      Keywords: Productivity; Absenteeism; Middle Managers; Training; Management Practices and Processes; Performance Productivity; Employees
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      Diaz, Brayan, Andrea Neyra-Nazarrett, Julian Ramirez, Raffaella Sadun, and Jorge Tamayo. "Training Within Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-045, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Discrimination, Rejection, and Job Search

      By: Anne Boring, Katherine Coffman, Dylan Glover and María José González-Fuentes
      We investigate how candidates’ willingness to apply responds to (potential) discrimination and rejection using a simulated labor market. Past work has shown that “blinding” job applications reduces discrimination and increases the rate at which women are hired. Our... View Details
      Keywords: Job Search; Prejudice and Bias; Selection and Staffing; Demographics
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      Boring, Anne, Katherine Coffman, Dylan Glover, and María José González-Fuentes. "Discrimination, Rejection, and Job Search." Working Paper, February 2025.
      • January 2025
      • Module Note

      Understanding and Addressing Gender Gaps

      By: Katherine Coffman
      This module provides a framework for students to analyze how gender stereotypes, through their impact on beliefs about others and beliefs about ourselves, contribute to gender gaps in the workplace. The module proceeds in three parts. First, through a case and an... View Details
      Keywords: Decisions; Gender; Leadership; Management Practices and Processes; Prejudice and Bias
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      Coffman, Katherine. "Understanding and Addressing Gender Gaps." Harvard Business School Module Note 925-021, January 2025.
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Untapped Global: Financing Africa's Missing Middle

      By: Raymond Kluender and Emanuele Colonnelli
      In November 2024, Jim Chu, founder and CEO of Untapped Global, faced mounting internal tensions over the company’s strategic direction. Untapped had developed a data-driven revenue-based financing (RBF) model to address the “missing middle” problem—the $5.2 trillion... View Details
      Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Working Capital; Private Equity; Financial Strategy; Microfinance; International Finance; Currency Exchange Rate; Profit Sharing; Revenue; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Growth; Emerging Markets; Mission and Purpose; Small Business; Entrepreneurial Finance; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Africa; Nigeria; South Africa; Kenya; Uganda; California; San Francisco
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      Kluender, Raymond, and Emanuele Colonnelli. "Untapped Global: Financing Africa's Missing Middle." Harvard Business School Case 825-056, January 2025.
      • January 2025
      • Article

      Everyone Steps Back?: The Widespread Retraction of Crowd-Funding Support for Minority Creators When Migration Fear Is High

      By: John (Jianqui) Bai, William R. Kerr, Chi Wan and Alptug Yorulmaz
      We study funding gaps on Kickstarter across multiple ethnic groups from 2009 to 2021. Scaling the concept of racially salient events, we quantify the close co-movement of minority funding gaps in crowd-funding to inflamed political rhetoric surrounding migration. The... View Details
      Keywords: Crowdfunding; Prejudice and Bias; Race; Immigration; Public Opinion
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      Bai, John (Jianqui), William R. Kerr, Chi Wan, and Alptug Yorulmaz. "Everyone Steps Back? The Widespread Retraction of Crowd-Funding Support for Minority Creators When Migration Fear Is High." Research Policy 54, no. 1 (January 2025).
      • November 2024 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Indonesia Education Reform: Merdeka Belajar ('Emancipated Learning')

      By: John Jong-Hyun Kim, Adina Wong, Nancy Hua Dai and Mary C. Sauer
      This case is set in 2024 in Indonesia, as Nadiem Makarim, Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, reflects on his tenure as Minister shortly before stepping down. With the ambition to lift Indonesia out of the middle-income gap by raising K12 to... View Details
      Keywords: Education; Change Management; Knowledge Dissemination; Government Administration; Leading Change; Innovation Strategy; Development Economics; Education Industry; Asia; Indonesia
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      Kim, John Jong-Hyun, Adina Wong, Nancy Hua Dai, and Mary C. Sauer. "Indonesia Education Reform: Merdeka Belajar ('Emancipated Learning')." Harvard Business School Case 325-060, November 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
      • 2024
      • Article

      Political Polarization and Finance

      By: Elisabeth Kempf and Margarita Tsoutsoura
      We review an empirical literature that studies how political polarization affects financial decisions. We first discuss the degree of partisan segregation in finance and corporate America, the mechanisms through which partisanship may influence financial decisions, and... View Details
      Keywords: Government and Politics; Investment Portfolio; Decisions; Governance
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      Kempf, Elisabeth, and Margarita Tsoutsoura. "Political Polarization and Finance." Annual Review of Financial Economics 16 (2024): 413–434.
      • October 2024 (Revised February 2025)
      • Case

      Lanco Medical Group: Fostering Happiness for Growth

      By: Susanna Gallani, Jenyfeer Martínez Buitrago and Katherine Sonnefeldt
      This case describes how Lanco Medical Group, a fast-growing pharmaceutical distributor serving Latin America, approached the design of their employee benefits and incentives program. After learning about gaps between what leadership believed motivated employees and... View Details
      Keywords: Fairness; Compensation and Benefits; Retention; Growth Management; Motivation and Incentives; Expansion; Pharmaceutical Industry; Latin America
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      Gallani, Susanna, Jenyfeer Martínez Buitrago, and Katherine Sonnefeldt. "Lanco Medical Group: Fostering Happiness for Growth." Harvard Business School Case 125-062, October 2024. (Revised February 2025.)
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Global Evidence on Gender Gaps and Generative AI

      By: Nicholas G. Otis, Solène Delecourt, Katelynn Cranney and Rembrand Koning
      Generative AI has the potential to transform productivity and reduce inequality, but only if adopted broadly. In this paper, we show that recently identified gender gaps in generative AI use are nearly universal. Synthesizing data from 18 studies covering more than... View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Gender; Equality and Inequality; Technology Adoption; Behavior
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      Otis, Nicholas G., Solène Delecourt, Katelynn Cranney, and Rembrand Koning. "Global Evidence on Gender Gaps and Generative AI." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-023, October 2024. (Revised January 2025.)
      • October 2024
      • Article

      Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program

      By: Sergey Chernenko and David Scharfstein
      Using a large sample of Florida restaurants, we document significant racial disparities in borrowing through the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) and investigate the causes of these disparities. Black-owned restaurants are 25% less likely to receive PPP loans.... View Details
      Keywords: Discrimination; Paycheck Protection Program; Economic Injury Disaster Loans; Bank Lending; Nonbank Lending; Banks and Banking; Financing and Loans; Prejudice and Bias; Race
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      Chernenko, Sergey, and David Scharfstein. "Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program." Art. 103911. Journal of Financial Economics 160 (October 2024).
      • October 2024
      • Article

      Sampling Bias in Entrepreneurial Experiments

      By: Ruiqing Cao, Rembrand Koning and Ramana Nanda
      Using data from a prominent online platform for launching new digital products, we document that ‘sampling bias’—defined as the difference between a startup’s target customer base and the actual sample on which early ‘beta tests’ are conducted—has a systematic and... View Details
      Keywords: Target Market; Sampling Biases; Beta Testing; Product Launch; Entrepreneurship; Gender
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      Cao, Ruiqing, Rembrand Koning, and Ramana Nanda. "Sampling Bias in Entrepreneurial Experiments." Management Science 70, no. 10 (October 2024): 7283–7307.
      • September 2024
      • Article

      Gender Gaps: Back and Here to Stay? Evidence from Skilled Ugandan Workers During COVID-19

      By: Livia Alfonsi, Mary Namubiru and Sara Spaziani
      We investigate gender disparities in the effect of COVID-19 on the labor market outcomes of skilled Ugandan workers. Leveraging a high-frequency panel dataset, we find that the lockdowns imposed in Uganda reduced employment by 69% for women and by 45% for men,... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Wage Gap; Gender; Equality and Inequality; Employment; Wages; Uganda
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      Alfonsi, Livia, Mary Namubiru, and Sara Spaziani. "Gender Gaps: Back and Here to Stay? Evidence from Skilled Ugandan Workers During COVID-19." Review of Economics of the Household 22, no. 3 (September 2024): 999–1046.
      • 2024
      • Working Paper

      The New Digital Divide

      By: Mayana Pereira, Shane Greenstein, Raffaella Sadun, Prasanna Tambe, Lucia Ronchi Darre, Tammy Glazer, Allen Kim, Rahul Dodhia and Juan Lavista Ferres
      We build and analyze new metrics of digital usage that leverage telemetry data collected by Microsoft during operating system updates across forty million Windows devices in U.S. households. These measures of US household digital usage are much more comprehensive than... View Details
      Keywords: Mathematical Methods; Measurement and Metrics; Geographic Location; Behavior; Technology Adoption; Demographics
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      Pereira, Mayana, Shane Greenstein, Raffaella Sadun, Prasanna Tambe, Lucia Ronchi Darre, Tammy Glazer, Allen Kim, Rahul Dodhia, and Juan Lavista Ferres. "The New Digital Divide." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32932, September 2024.
      • July 2024
      • Article

      A (Dynamic) Investigation of Stereotypes, Belief-Updating, and Behavior

      By: Katherine B. Coffman, Paola Ugalde Araya and Basit Zafar
      Many decisions—such as what educational or career path to pursue—are dynamic in nature, with individuals receiving feedback at one point in time and making decisions later. Using a controlled experiment, with two sessions one week apart, we analyze the dynamic effects... View Details
      Keywords: Feedback; Beliefs; Stereotypes; Self-assessment; Gender Gap; Gender; Equality and Inequality; Perception; Decision Choices and Conditions
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      Coffman, Katherine B., Paola Ugalde Araya, and Basit Zafar. "A (Dynamic) Investigation of Stereotypes, Belief-Updating, and Behavior." Economic Inquiry 62, no. 3 (July 2024): 957–983.
      • June 2024
      • Teaching Note

      Miami's Climate Tech Potential (A): The State of Play

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 324-119. Miami-Dade County led the work to get South Florida designated a national climate resilience tech hub, the only one of 31 focused on climate change, an urgent major issue for the region in light of global warming and sea level... View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Climate; Entrepreneur; Development; Startup; Climate Change; Venture Capital; Investment; Entrepreneurship; Green Technology; Government Administration; City; Miami
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone. "Miami's Climate Tech Potential (A): The State of Play." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 324-132, June 2024.
      • June 2024
      • Article

      Stereotypes and Belief Updating

      By: Katherine B. Coffman, Manuela Collis and Leena Kulkarni
      We explore how feedback shapes, and perpetuates, gender gaps in self-assessments. Participants in our experiment take tests of their ability across different domains. We elicit their beliefs of their performance before and after feedback. We find that, even after the... View Details
      Keywords: Beliefs; Stereotypes; Self-assessment; Performance Evaluation; Gender; Cognition and Thinking; Perception; Knowledge Sharing
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      Coffman, Katherine B., Manuela Collis, and Leena Kulkarni. "Stereotypes and Belief Updating." Journal of the European Economic Association 22, no. 3 (June 2024): 1011–1054.
      • May 2024
      • Supplement

      Miami’s Climate Tech Potential (B): The 2024 Tech Hub Proposal

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Jacob A. Small
      Miami-Dade County led the work to get South Florida designated a national climate resilience tech hub, the only one of 31 focused on climate change, an urgent major issue for the region in light of global warming and sea level rise. Venture capitalists saw the... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Venture Capital; Investment; Entrepreneurship; Green Technology; Government Administration; City
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Jacob A. Small. "Miami’s Climate Tech Potential (B): The 2024 Tech Hub Proposal." Harvard Business School Supplement 324-135, May 2024.
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