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      • July 2025
      • Case

      AeroVironment: The MacCready Works Dilemma

      By: Willy Shih and Sophie Zimmerman
      Scott Newbern, the head of the MacCready Works at AeroVironment (AV) faced a dilemma. The new Strix next-generation drone had just completed a very successful test. AV had launched MacCready Works to focus on transformational innovations that served new markets and new... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Dynamics; Innovation; Innovation Adoption; Organization Alignment; Organization Design; Organization Boundaries; Disruptive Innovation; Disruptive Innovations; Disruptive Technologies; Aerospace Industry; United States
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      Shih, Willy, and Sophie Zimmerman. "AeroVironment: The MacCready Works Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 626-001, July 2025.
      • Article

      Using Gen AI for Early-Stage Market Research

      By: James Brand, Ayelet Israeli and Donald Ngwe
      Generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), offers a promising new tool for early-stage market research by simulating customer responses to product concepts. This can allow companies to draw conclusions similar to those they’d obtain by surveying... View Details
      Keywords: Large Language Models; Large Language Model; Generative Ai; Artificial Intelligence; Market Research; Research; Marketing; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis; Customers; Consumer Behavior; Technology Industry; Information Technology Industry
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      Brand, James, Ayelet Israeli, and Donald Ngwe. "Using Gen AI for Early-Stage Market Research." Harvard Business Review (website) (July 18, 2025).
      • July 2025
      • Exercise

      Travelogo: Customer Segmentation Instructions

      By: Eva Ascarza
      Keywords: Algorithmic Decision Making; Marketing; Simulation; Marketing Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships
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      Ascarza, Eva. "Travelogo: Customer Segmentation Instructions." Harvard Business School Exercise 526-702, July 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      Redefining the Edge: Jahez’s Strategic Pivot in Saudi Arabia’s Food Delivery Battle

      By: Krishna G. Palepu and Ahmed Dahawy
      Jahez made its mark in Saudi Arabia’s food delivery market by serving customers willing to pay more for reliable, high-quality service—a segment largely overlooked by other platforms. As the company grew, it expanded into the mass market and developed a network of... View Details
      Keywords: Acquisition; Business Conglomerates; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Innovation Strategy; Digital Platforms; Logistics; Business Strategy; Competition; Competitive Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Expansion; Food and Beverage Industry; Saudi Arabia
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      Palepu, Krishna G., and Ahmed Dahawy. "Redefining the Edge: Jahez’s Strategic Pivot in Saudi Arabia’s Food Delivery Battle." Harvard Business School Case 325-112, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Simulation

      Teleko: Managing Customer Retention

      By: Eva Ascarza
      Supplement to the A Case, No. 523-005. This interactive tool is designed to enhance engagement with the Managing Customer Retention at Teleko case by allowing the student to explore and analyze key data from the experiment run in July (“July... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithmic Decision Making; Simulation; Marketing Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Analytics and Data Science
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      Ascarza, Eva. "Teleko: Managing Customer Retention." Harvard Business School Simulation 525-705, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Simulation

      Travelogo: Customer Segmentation

      By: Eva Ascarza and Noah Ahmadi
      This interactive tool is designed to enhance engagement with the Travelogo: Understanding Customer Journeys case by allowing the student to explore the company's data. Through this tool, the student can examine the variables used for segmentation, analyze the resulting... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithmic Decision Making; Simulation; Marketing Strategy; Customer Focus and Relationships; Analytics and Data Science; Segmentation
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      Ascarza, Eva, and Noah Ahmadi. "Travelogo: Customer Segmentation." Harvard Business School Simulation 525-706, June 2025.
      • June 2025
      • Case

      TagHive: Edtech Pricing and Distributor Decisions

      By: Isamar Troncoso, Frank V. Cespedes and Stacy Straaberg
      Education technology (edtech) company TagHive, founded in 2017, used a direct sales team and third-party distributors to sell its Class Saathi hardware and software solution to 300 clients, mainly primary and secondary schools in India. The product aimed to improve... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Social Marketing; Information Infrastructure; Internet and the Web; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Technology Adoption; Teaching; Price; Customer Relationship Management; Customer Satisfaction; Growth and Development; Technological Innovation; AI and Machine Learning; Applications and Software; Distribution Channels; Sales; Reputation; Education Industry; Technology Industry; India; South Korea
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      Troncoso, Isamar, Frank V. Cespedes, and Stacy Straaberg. "TagHive: Edtech Pricing and Distributor Decisions." Harvard Business School Case 525-001, June 2025.
      • May–June 2025
      • Article

      Algorithmic Assortment Curation: An Empirical Study of Buybox in Online Marketplaces

      By: Santiago Gallino, Nil Karacaoglu and Antonio Moreno
      Most online sales worldwide take place in marketplaces that connect sellers and buyers. The presence of numerous third-party sellers leads to a proliferation of listings for each product, making it difficult for customers to choose between the available options. Online... View Details
      Keywords: Algorithms; Marketplaces; Marketplace Matching; E-commerce; Demand and Consumers; Customer Focus and Relationships; Market Participation; Technology Adoption
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      Gallino, Santiago, Nil Karacaoglu, and Antonio Moreno. "Algorithmic Assortment Curation: An Empirical Study of Buybox in Online Marketplaces." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 27, no. 3 (May–June 2025): 917–934.
      • May 2025
      • Case

      stc Group: DARE to Transform

      By: Sunil Gupta and Sadika El Hariri
      Established as a government-owned entity in 1998, stc Group was the sole telecommunications operator in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Soon after it was privatized in 2003, regional players started entering the Saudi market. To deal with the competition and to... View Details
      Keywords: Expansion; Diversification; Digital Transformation; Customer Focus and Relationships; Telecommunications Industry; Saudi Arabia
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      Gupta, Sunil, and Sadika El Hariri. "stc Group: DARE to Transform." Harvard Business School Case 525-013, May 2025.
      • May 2025
      • Teaching Note

      Boutiqaat: Influencing Retail in MENA

      By: Juan Alcacer and Noor Al Qadhi
      Boutiqaat, a Kuwait-based e-commerce platform, scaled an influencer-driven beauty retail model across MENA and now faces critical strategic choices about offline expansion and globalization. Founded in 2015, Boutiqaat combined social commerce, localized logistics, and... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets; Digital Strategy; Growth and Development; Expansion; Global Strategy; Distribution Channels; Business Model; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Retail Industry; Kuwait; Saudi Arabia; Middle East; North Africa
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Noor Al Qadhi. "Boutiqaat: Influencing Retail in MENA." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 725-463, May 2025.
      • May 2025
      • Case

      Boutiqaat: Influencing Retail in MENA

      By: Juan Alcacer and Noor Al Qadhi
      Boutiqaat, a Kuwait-based e-commerce platform, scaled an influencer-driven beauty retail model across MENA and now faces critical strategic choices about offline expansion and globalization. Founded in 2015, Boutiqaat combined social commerce, localized logistics, and... View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets; Digital Strategy; Growth and Development; Expansion; Distribution Channels; Global Strategy; Business Model; Market Design; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Retail Industry; Kuwait; Saudi Arabia; Middle East; North Africa
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Noor Al Qadhi. "Boutiqaat: Influencing Retail in MENA." Harvard Business School Case 725-462, May 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Thrivent: From Insurance Agents to Financial Advisors

      By: Hubert Joly, Leonard A. Schlesinger and Tom Quinn
      Thrivent, a midwestern financial services company with a centuries-long history rooted in Lutheranism, had reached $10 billion in revenue mostly by selling life insurance. In the 2020s, however, CEO Terry Rasmussen began a transformation process centered around the... View Details
      Keywords: Change Management; Transformation; Talent and Talent Management; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Value and Value Chain; Forecasting and Prediction; Employee Relationship Management; Retention; Selection and Staffing; Job Design and Levels; Human Capital; Leading Change; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Insurance Industry; Financial Services Industry; United States; Minneapolis
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      Joly, Hubert, Leonard A. Schlesinger, and Tom Quinn. "Thrivent: From Insurance Agents to Financial Advisors." Harvard Business School Case 325-047, April 2025.
      • April 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Adobe: GenAI Opportunity or Threat?

      By: Sunil Gupta, Rajiv Lal and Allison Ciechanover
      In December 2022, Adobe CEO Shantanu Narayen faced a pivotal strategic decision due to the rapid rise of generative AI image models from OpenAI, Midjourney, and StabilityAI. Adobe, a leader in digital media and marketing software with a 40-year legacy of innovation and... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Relationship Management; Ethics; AI and Machine Learning; Trust; Business Strategy; Technology Industry; San Jose
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      Gupta, Sunil, Rajiv Lal, and Allison Ciechanover. "Adobe: GenAI Opportunity or Threat?" Harvard Business School Case 525-052, April 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Sharon Goldberg and BastionZero

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, James Barnett and Maxim Pike Harrell
      In December 2023, BastionZero co-founder and CEO Sharon Goldberg considered her startup’s future. Established in 2017 as a blockchain company focused on improving the security of cryptocurrency trading, in March 2020 the VC-backed startup shifted focus to a new... View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Entrepreneurial Finance; Technological Innovation; Business Strategy; Business Exit or Shutdown
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., James Barnett, and Maxim Pike Harrell. "Sharon Goldberg and BastionZero." Harvard Business School Case 825-102, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Salesforce Agentforce: The Limitless Workforce

      By: Suraj Srinivasan, Allison Ciechanover and George Gonzalez
      In early 2025, Salesforce was a global leader in cloud-based enterprise software, best known for pioneering customer relationship management (CRM) delivered as a service. Over the past two decades, the company had expanded into marketing, customer service, analytics,... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Customer Relationship Management; Price; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Sales; Business Strategy; Ethics; Product Launch; Technology Industry; United States
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, Allison Ciechanover, and George Gonzalez. "Salesforce Agentforce: The Limitless Workforce." Harvard Business School Case 125-096, April 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Supplement

      Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI (B)

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Shane Greenstein and Sadika El Hariri
      Intenseye used its $25 million series A funds to refine and expand its digital safety platform while refining its target markets and ideal customer profile. As the company implemented new approaches to create value for its clients, such as developing an AI-powered... View Details
      Keywords: Safety Performance; Occupational Safety; Innovation; Safety; Operations; Health; AI and Machine Learning; Analytics and Data Science; Digital Transformation; Supply Chain Management; Performance Improvement; Entrepreneurship; Product Development; Customer Relationship Management; Value Creation; Venture Capital; Growth and Development Strategy; Information Technology Industry; United States; Europe; Middle East; Turkey
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      Toffel, Michael W., Shane Greenstein, and Sadika El Hariri. "Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 625-025, February 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Dynamic Personalization with Multiple Customer Signals: Multi-Response State Representation in Reinforcement Learning

      By: Liangzong Ma, Ta-Wei Huang, Eva Ascarza and Ayelet Israeli
      Reinforcement learning (RL) offers potential for optimizing sequences of customer interactions by modeling the relationships between customer states, company actions, and long-term value. However, its practical implementation often faces significant challenges.... View Details
      Keywords: Dynamic Policy; Deep Reinforcement Learning; Representation Learning; Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment; Latent Variable Models; Customer Relationship Management; Customer Value and Value Chain; Foreign Direct Investment; Analytics and Data Science
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      Ma, Liangzong, Ta-Wei Huang, Eva Ascarza, and Ayelet Israeli. "Dynamic Personalization with Multiple Customer Signals: Multi-Response State Representation in Reinforcement Learning." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-037, February 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Article

      Improving Customer Compatibility with Tradeoff Transparency

      By: Ryan W. Buell and MoonSoo Choi
      Through a large-scale field experiment with 393,036 customers considering opening a credit card account with a nationwide retail bank, we investigate how providing transparency into an offering’s tradeoffs affects subsequent rates of customer acquisition and long-run... View Details
      Keywords: Transparency; Customer Selection; Customer Compatibility; Retention; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Marketing Strategy; Marketing Communications; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Satisfaction; Banking Industry; Australia
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      Buell, Ryan W., and MoonSoo Choi. "Improving Customer Compatibility with Tradeoff Transparency." Management Science 71, no. 2 (February 2025): 1335–1355.
      • January 2025
      • Case

      Hebbia: Redefining Productivity for Knowledge Workers Using AI

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Minoshka Narayan
      In early 2025, George Sivulka, founder and CEO of Hebbia, reflected on the company’s rapid ascent as a pioneer in GenAI-powered productivity tools for knowledge workers. With its proprietary technology, Hebbia had redefined information retrieval and analysis and earned... View Details
      Keywords: Transformation; Customer Relationship Management; AI and Machine Learning; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Service Delivery; Technological Innovation; Growth and Development Strategy; Competitive Strategy; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; United States; New York (city, NY)
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Minoshka Narayan. "Hebbia: Redefining Productivity for Knowledge Workers Using AI." Harvard Business School Case 125-075, January 2025.
      • January 8, 2025
      • Article

      Why Retailers Are Turning to Third-Party Marketplaces

      By: Antonio Moreno
      Some traditional retailers—including Walmart, Target, and Best Buy—are adopting third-party marketplaces, which connect customers with external sellers and thereby offer customers a much broader selection. Many other traditional retailers are considering whether to... View Details
      Keywords: Marketplace Matching; Distribution Channels; Customer Focus and Relationships; Cost vs Benefits; Retail Industry
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      Moreno, Antonio. "Why Retailers Are Turning to Third-Party Marketplaces." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (January 8, 2025).
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