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- 2013
- Article
How Concentrated Is the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services Industry? Myth vs. Reality
By: Alvin J. Silk and Charles King III
We analyze changes in concentration levels in the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services industry using data from the U.S. Census Bureau's quinquennial Economic Census and the Service Annual Survey. These data, heretofore largely ignored, allow us to redress some of... View Details
Keywords: Concentration Levels; Data; U.S. Census Bureau’s Quinquennial Economic Census And The Service Annual Survey; Measurement Problems; Herfindahl-Hirschman Index; Concentration Ratios; Advertising; Advertising Industry; North and Central America
Silk, Alvin J., and Charles King III. "How Concentrated Is the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services Industry? Myth vs. Reality." Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising 34, no. 1 (2013): 166–193.
- 18 Dec 2008
- Working Paper Summaries
Concentration Levels in the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services Industry: Myth vs. Reality
- 2008
- Working Paper
Concentration Levels in the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services Industry: Myth vs. Reality
By: Alvin J. Silk and Charles King III
This paper analyzes changes in concentration levels in the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services (A&MS) industry using publicly released data that have been largely ignored in past discussions of the industrial organization of this industry, namely those available... View Details
Keywords: Advertising; Mergers and Acquisitions; Revenue; Analytics and Data Science; Surveys; Marketing; Measurement and Metrics; Rank and Position; Competition; Advertising Industry; Service Industry; United States
Silk, Alvin J., and Charles King III. "Concentration Levels in the U.S. Advertising and Marketing Services Industry: Myth vs. Reality." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-044, September 2008.
- 2024
- Article
Half the Firms, Double the Profits: Public Firms' Transformation, 1996–2022
By: Mark J. Roe and Charles C.Y. Wang
The number of public firms in the United States has halved since the beginning of the twenty-first century, causing consternation among corporate and securities law regulators. The dominant explanations, often advanced by Securities and Exchange commissioners when... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Law; Securities Regulation; Sarbanes-Oxley Act; Concentration Levels; Antitrust; Initial Public Offering; Public Ownership; Private Equity; Venture Capital; Mergers and Acquisitions; Monopoly; United States
Roe, Mark J., and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Half the Firms, Double the Profits: Public Firms' Transformation, 1996–2022." Journal of Law, Finance, and Accounting 8, no. 2 (2024): 211–264.
- 2010
- Working Paper
Banking Market Concentration and Consumer Credit Constraints: Evidence from the 1983 Survey of Consumer Finances
This paper uses data from the 1983 Survey of Consumer Finances to test the relationship between the banks' market power and households' self-reported levels of credit constraints. The 1983 Survey was the last to identify households' geographic location, making it... View Details
Keywords: Age Characteristics; Household Characteristics; Borrowing and Debt; Credit; Banks and Banking; Interest Rates; Geographic Location; Banking Industry
Bergstresser, Daniel B. "Banking Market Concentration and Consumer Credit Constraints: Evidence from the 1983 Survey of Consumer Finances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-077, March 2010.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Prices and Concentration: A U-shape? Theory and Evidence from Renewables
By: Michele Fioretti, Junnan He and Jorge Tamayo
We show that when firms compete via supply functions, transferring high-cost
capacity to the largest, most efficient firm—thereby diversifying its production technologies
while increasing concentration—can lower prices by prompting the leader
to expand output and... View Details
Keywords: Diversified Production Technologies; Concentration Levels; Market Power; Supply Function Equilibrium; Hydropower; Energy Transition; Renewable Energy; Price; Competition; Supply and Industry; Energy Industry; Colombia
Fioretti, Michele, Junnan He, and Jorge Tamayo. "Prices and Concentration: A U-shape? Theory and Evidence from Renewables." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-049, April 2025.
- Research Summary
Industry Dynamics in Post-Socialist Economies
Robert E. Kennedy is studying industry dynamics in post-Socialist economies, primarily Poland. His research to date has focused on how structural factors influence industry transitions. In Poland he has found two distinct patterns: rapid transition, driven primarily... View Details
- April 2012
- Article
Emotion-induced Engagement in Internet Video Ads
By: Thales S. Teixeira, Michel Wedel and Rik Pieters
This study shows how advertisers can leverage emotion and attention to engage consumers in watching Internet video ads. In a controlled experiment, joy and surprise were assessed through automated facial expression detection for a sample of ads. Concentration of... View Details
Teixeira, Thales S., Michel Wedel, and Rik Pieters. "Emotion-induced Engagement in Internet Video Ads ." Journal of Marketing Research (JMR) 49, no. 2 (April 2012): 144–159.
- April 2020
- Article
Technological Leadership (de)Concentration: Causes in Information and Communication Technology Equipment
By: Yasin Ozcan and Shane Greenstein
Using patent data from 1976 to 2010 as indicators of inventive activity, we determine the concentration level of where inventive ideas originate and then examine how and why those concentrations change over time. The analysis finds pervasive deconcentration in every... View Details
Keywords: Deconcentration; Technological Innovation; Innovation Leadership; Patents; Market Entry and Exit; Telecommunications Industry
Ozcan, Yasin, and Shane Greenstein. "Technological Leadership (de)Concentration: Causes in Information and Communication Technology Equipment." Industrial and Corporate Change 29, no. 2 (April 2020): 241–263. (Winner of the Industry Studies Association 2021 Ralph Gomory Award for Best Paper.)
- Forthcoming
- Article
Collusion in Brokered Markets
By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers and Richard Lowery
High commissions in the U.S. residential real estate agency market present a puzzle for economic theory because brokerage is not a concentrated industry. We model brokered markets as a game in which agents post prices for customers and then choose which other agents to... View Details
Keywords: Real Estate Agents; Real Estate; Realtors; Broker Networks; Brokerage; Brokerage Commissions; ＂Brokerage Industry; Brokered Markets; Brokering; Brokers; Industrial Organization; Repeated Game Framework; ＂Repeated Games＂; Collusion; Antitrust; Microeconomics; Market Design; Theory; Game Theory; Real Estate Industry
Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, and Richard Lowery. "Collusion in Brokered Markets." Journal of Finance (forthcoming).
- February 2010
- Case
Applied Research Technologies, Inc.: Global Innovation's Challenges
By: Christopher A. Bartlett and Heather Beckham
Applied Research Technologies, Inc. (ART) is a diversified technology company which has used its entrepreneurial culture and encouragement of innovation as an ongoing competitive advantage. The case concentrates on the challenges faced by Peter Vyas, the Filtration... View Details
Keywords: Management Style; Managerial Roles; Management Practices and Processes; Reputation; Organizational Culture; Innovation and Management; Competitive Advantage; Entrepreneurship; Management Systems; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Technology Industry
Bartlett, Christopher A., and Heather Beckham. "Applied Research Technologies, Inc.: Global Innovation's Challenges." Harvard Business School Brief Case 104-168, February 2010.
- 2023
- Working Paper
The Party and Firm
By: Joris Mueller, Jaya Y. Wen and Cheryl Wu
This project documents the rise of the Chinese Communist Party’s influence on
firms in China over the last decade. We propose novel quantitative measures of Party
influence and present recent trends in those measures. We corroborate qualitative work
and find a sharp... View Details
Keywords: Business and Government Relations; Economic Systems; Power and Influence; Government Administration; Policy; China
Mueller, Joris, Jaya Y. Wen, and Cheryl Wu. "The Party and Firm." Working Paper, December 2023.
- 2008
- Working Paper
The Ethnic Composition of U.S. Inventors
By: William R. Kerr
The ethnic composition of US scientists and engineers is undergoing a significant transformation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual patent records granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to document these trends with greater... View Details
Keywords: Inventors; Scientists; Engineers; Information Technology; Patents; Ethnicity; Innovation and Invention; Research and Development; Immigration; China; United States; India
Kerr, William R. "The Ethnic Composition of U.S. Inventors." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-006, May 2007. (Permanent working paper describing ethnic-name patenting data, revised December 2008.)
- December 2023
- Article
What Can Stockouts Tell Us About Inflation? Evidence from Online Micro Data
By: Alberto Cavallo and Oleksiy Kryvtsov
We use a detailed micro dataset on product availability and stockouts to construct a direct high-frequency measure of consumer product shortages during the 2020-2022 pandemic. We document a widespread multi-fold rise in stockouts in nearly all sectors early in the... View Details
Keywords: Prices; Stockouts; Inventories; Supply Disruptions; COVID-19 Pandemic; Supply Chain; Product; Demand and Consumers
Cavallo, Alberto, and Oleksiy Kryvtsov. "What Can Stockouts Tell Us About Inflation? Evidence from Online Micro Data." Journal of International Economics 146 (December 2023).
- June 1994
- Background Note
Scope and Challenge of Business-to-Business Marketing
Identifies six key linkages that distinguish business-to-business marketing; three with respect to the external environment (i.e., derived demand, complex buying process, and concentrated customer base) and three with respect to the internal organization (emphasis on... View Details
Keywords: Marketing; Customers; Demand and Consumers; Organizational Structure; Order Taking and Fulfillment; Technology
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Scope and Challenge of Business-to-Business Marketing." Harvard Business School Background Note 594-125, June 1994.
- 28 Sep 2006
- Working Paper Summaries
Scale without Mass: Business Process Replication and Industry Dynamics
- 2019
- Working Paper
Collusion in Markets with Syndication
By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers, Richard Lowery and Jordan M. Barry
Many markets, including markets for IPOs and debt issuances, are syndicated: each winning bidder invites competitors to join its syndicate to complete production. Using repeated extensive form games, we show that collusion in syndicated markets may become easier as... View Details
Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, Richard Lowery, and Jordan M. Barry. "Collusion in Markets with Syndication." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-009, July 2017. (Revised June 2019.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
A Darker Side to Decentralized Banks: Market Power and Credit Rationing in SME Lending
By: Rodrigo Canales and Ramana Nanda
We use loan-level data to study how the organizational structure of banks impacts small business lending. We find that decentralized banks—where branch managers have greater autonomy over lending decisions—give larger loans to small firms and those with "soft... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Structure; Financing and Loans; Industry Structures; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry; Mexico
Canales, Rodrigo, and Ramana Nanda. "A Darker Side to Decentralized Banks: Market Power and Credit Rationing in SME Lending." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-101, June 2008. (Revised January 2011, August 2011.)
- Research Summary
Is there a Relationship Between IT Investment and Industry Structure?
A provocative current argument is that 'IT doesn't matter' in a competitive sense -- that it benefits all companies equally, and so provides advantage and differentiation to none and leaves industry structures unchanged.
As we accumulate a longer history of IT... View Details