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    • All HBS Web  (189)
      • Faculty Publications  (51)

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      • February 2025
      • Article

      Improving Customer Compatibility with Tradeoff Transparency

      By: Ryan W. Buell and MoonSoo Choi
      Through a large-scale field experiment with 393,036 customers considering opening a credit card account with a nationwide retail bank, we investigate how providing transparency into an offering’s tradeoffs affects subsequent rates of customer acquisition and long-run... View Details
      Keywords: Transparency; Customer Selection; Customer Compatibility; Retention; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Marketing Strategy; Marketing Communications; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Satisfaction; Banking Industry; Australia
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      Buell, Ryan W., and MoonSoo Choi. "Improving Customer Compatibility with Tradeoff Transparency." Management Science 71, no. 2 (February 2025): 1335–1355.
      • February 2024
      • Case

      Does “Matter” Matter? Amazon and Open Standards in the Smart Home Industry

      By: Frank Nagle
      In early 2023, the smart home industry stood at a pivotal juncture. The recent launch of “Matter” version 1.0, an ambitious interoperability standard developed by the Connectivity Standards Alliance (CSA), promised to unify a fragmented market plagued by incompatible... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Platforms; Resource Allocation; Standards; Business Strategy
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      Nagle, Frank. "Does “Matter” Matter? Amazon and Open Standards in the Smart Home Industry." Harvard Business School Case 724-431, February 2024.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization

      By: Rawi Abdelal
      Every order is a bargain with disappointments and trade-offs. Thus is every order an unstable equilibrium. The first era of globalization, circa 1870–1914, created both international prosperity and domestic instability. That instability was fully realized during the... View Details
      Keywords: Globalization; Policy; Economic Systems; Balance and Stability; Europe; European Union; United States
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      Abdelal, Rawi. "Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization." In The Downfall of the American Order? edited by Peter J. Katzenstein and Jonathan Kirshner, 105–123. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2022.
      • September 2021
      • Article

      Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective

      By: Itai Ashlagi and Alvin E. Roth
      Many patients in need of a kidney transplant have a willing but incompatible (or poorly matched) living donor. Kidney exchange programs arrange exchanges among such patient-donor pairs, in cycles and chains of exchange, so each patient receives a compatible kidney.... View Details
      Keywords: Kidney Exchange Programs; Matching; Health Disorders; Health Care and Treatment; Programs; Design
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      Ashlagi, Itai, and Alvin E. Roth. "Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective." Management Science 67, no. 9 (September 2021): 5455–5478.
      • May 2021
      • Simulation

      Customer Compatibility Exercise Application

      By: Ryan W. Buell
      Customers impose considerable variability on the operating systems of service organizations. They show up when they wish (arrival variability), they ask for different things (request variability), they vary in their willingness and ability to help themselves (effort... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Compatibility; Customer Relationship Management; Strategy; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Performance Efficiency; Analysis; Consumer Behavior; Analytics and Data Science
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      Buell, Ryan W. "Customer Compatibility Exercise Application." Harvard Business School Simulation 620-707, May 2021.
      • March 2021
      • Article

      The Customer May Not Always Be Right: Customer Compatibility and Service Performance

      By: Ryan W. Buell, Dennis Campbell and Frances X. Frei
      This paper investigates the impact of customer compatibility – the degree of fit between the needs of customers and the capabilities of the operations serving them – on customer experiences and firm performance. We use a variance decomposition analysis to quantify the... View Details
      Keywords: Customer Compatibility; Satisfaction; Profitability; Service Operations; Customer Relationship Management; Customer Satisfaction; Performance
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      Buell, Ryan W., Dennis Campbell, and Frances X. Frei. "The Customer May Not Always Be Right: Customer Compatibility and Service Performance." Management Science 67, no. 3 (March 2021): 1468–1488.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective

      By: Itai Ashlagi and Alvin E. Roth
      Many patients in need of a kidney transplant have a willing but incompatible (or poorly matched) living donor. Kidney exchange programs arrange exchanges among such patient-donor pairs, in cycles and chains of exchange, so each patient receives a compatible kidney.... View Details
      Keywords: Kidney Exchange Programs; Health Disorders; Health Care and Treatment; Programs; Design
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      Ashlagi, Itai, and Alvin E. Roth. "Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28500, February 2021.
      • December 2020 (Revised February 2021)
      • Case

      Kerry Group: Inspiring Food, Nourishing Life

      By: Forest L. Reinhardt, José B. Alvarez, Damien McLoughlin, Tonia Labruyere and Tonia Junker
      The Irish company Kerry Group, one of the leading global players in the taste and nutrition industry, wants to ensure its future growth in developing and developed markets. Founded in 1972 as a dairy cooperative, it had grown into a provider of taste and nutrition... View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Environmental Sustainability; Food; Nutrition; Growth and Development Strategy; Global Range; Market Entry and Exit; Customer Relationship Management; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
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      Reinhardt, Forest L., José B. Alvarez, Damien McLoughlin, and Tonia Labruyere. "Kerry Group: Inspiring Food, Nourishing Life." Harvard Business School Case 721-019, December 2020. (Revised February 2021.)
      • October 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      Wilderness Safaris: Impact Investing and Ecotourism Conservation in Africa

      By: James E. Austin, Megan Epler Wood and Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard
      In 2018 the majority ownership of publicly owned Wilderness Safaris, the leading high-end ecotourism company in Africa with safari operations in eight countries, was acquired by The Rise Fund, one of the world’s largest private social impact investing funds, and by FS... View Details
      Keywords: Investing; Investing For Impact; Ecotourism; COVID-19; Equity Financing; Strategy Formulation; Profitability; Environmental And Social Sustainability; Sustainability; Conservation Planning; Corporate Social Responsibility; Investment; Social Enterprise; Social Entrepreneurship; Environmental Sustainability; Strategy; Financing and Loans; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Health Pandemics; Tourism Industry; Africa; Rwanda; Angola
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      Austin, James E., Megan Epler Wood, and Herman B. "Dutch" Leonard. "Wilderness Safaris: Impact Investing and Ecotourism Conservation in Africa." Harvard Business School Case 321-020, October 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19

      By: Bhavya Mohan, Serena Hagerty and Michael Norton
      Two experiments, including one incentive compatible study, examine the impact of cutting pay for executives versus employees in response to COVID-19 on consumer behavior. Study 1 explores the effect of announcing cuts or no cuts to CEO and employee pay, and shows that... View Details
      Keywords: Employee Furloughs; CEO Pay Cuts; Pay Ratios; Purchase Intention; Health Pandemics; Employees; Wages; Executive Compensation; Consumer Behavior
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      Mohan, Bhavya, Serena Hagerty, and Michael Norton. "Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-020, August 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization

      By: Rawi Abdelal
      Every order is a bargain with disappointments and trade-offs. Thus is every order an unstable equilibrium. The first era of globalization, circa 1870–1914, created both international prosperity and domestic instability. That instability was fully realized during the... View Details
      Keywords: Centrism; Populism; Globalization; History; Balance and Stability; Economic Systems; Government and Politics; Learning
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      Abdelal, Rawi. "Of Learning and Forgetting: Centrism, Populism, and the Legitimacy Crisis of Globalization." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-008, July 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Article

      Frenemies in Platform Markets: Heterogeneous Profit Foci as Drivers of Compatibility Decisions

      By: Ron Adner, Jianqing Chen and Feng Zhu
      We study compatibility decisions of two competing platform owners that generate profits through both hardware sales and royalties from content sales. We consider a game-theoretic model in which two platforms offer different standalone utilities to users. We find that... View Details
      Keywords: Compatibility; Platform Competition; Profit Foci; Digital Platforms; Competition; Profit; Decision Making
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      Adner, Ron, Jianqing Chen, and Feng Zhu. "Frenemies in Platform Markets: Heterogeneous Profit Foci as Drivers of Compatibility Decisions." Management Science 66, no. 6 (June 2020): 2432–2451.
      • January 2020 (Revised February 2025)
      • Teaching Note

      Customer Compatibility Exercise

      By: Ryan W. Buell
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      Buell, Ryan W. "Customer Compatibility Exercise." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 620-078, January 2020. (Revised February 2025.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Rehabilitating Corporate Purpose

      By: Malcolm S. Salter
      In this paper, I address how the ascendance of the theory of shareholder value maximization into the central consciousness of public corporations and its canonization as the only legitimate expression of corporate purpose has contributed to both a widening breach... View Details
      Keywords: Capitalism; Justice; Corporate Purpose; Shareholder Value Maximization; Ethical Reciprocity; Economic Systems; Business Ventures; Mission and Purpose; Ethics; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
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      Salter, Malcolm S. "Rehabilitating Corporate Purpose." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-104, April 2019.
      • 2017
      • Article

      Computer Vision Uncovers Predictors of Physical Urban Change

      By: Nikhil Naik, Scott Duke Kominers, Ramesh Raskar, Edward L. Glaeser and César A. Hidalgo
      Which neighborhoods experience physical improvements? In this paper, we introduce a computer vision method to measure changes in the physical appearances of neighborhoods from time-series street-level imagery. We connect changes in the physical appearance of five U.S.... View Details
      Keywords: Urban Economics; Gentrification; Urban Studies; Computer Vision; Nieghborhood Effects; Urban Development; Situation or Environment; Demographics; Economics; Change
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      Naik, Nikhil, Scott Duke Kominers, Ramesh Raskar, Edward L. Glaeser, and César A. Hidalgo. "Computer Vision Uncovers Predictors of Physical Urban Change." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 29 (July 18, 2017).
      • 2017
      • Book

      Profits and Sustainability: A History of Green Entrepreneurship

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      This book explores whether profits and environmental sustainability are compatible through the lens of a global history of green entrepreneurship between the nineteenth century and today. It tells the story of the extraordinary and often eccentric men and women who... View Details
      Keywords: Environmental Entrepreneurship; Green Business; Sustainability; Entrepreneurship; Ethics; Business History; Religion; Environmental Sustainability; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Banking Industry; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Alternative Energy Industry; Financial Services Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Green Technology Industry; Tourism Industry; Africa; Asia; Europe; Latin America; North and Central America; Oceania
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      Jones, Geoffrey. Profits and Sustainability: A History of Green Entrepreneurship. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.
      • March 2017 (Revised March 2017)
      • Case

      OpenNotes

      By: Jeffrey Rayport and Annelena Lobb
      In 2017, executives at OpenNotes, a national movement to improve the relationship between doctors and patients by sharing doctors’ visit notes about patients with patients, were considering options in efforts to achieve scale. The movement hoped to reach 50 million... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Technology Adoption; Growth and Development Strategy; Technology Industry; Health Industry; United States
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      Rayport, Jeffrey, and Annelena Lobb. "OpenNotes." Harvard Business School Case 817-080, March 2017. (Revised March 2017.)
      • May 2016
      • Article

      When Performance Trumps Gender Bias: Joint Versus Separate Evaluation

      By: Iris Bohnet, Alexandra van Geen and Max Bazerman
      We examine a new intervention to overcome gender biases in hiring, promotion, and job assignments: an "evaluation nudge," in which people are evaluated jointly rather than separately regarding their future performance. Evaluators are more likely to focus on individual... View Details
      Keywords: Prejudice and Bias; Selection and Staffing; Decision Choices and Conditions; Performance; Gender
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      Bohnet, Iris, Alexandra van Geen, and Max Bazerman. "When Performance Trumps Gender Bias: Joint Versus Separate Evaluation." Management Science 62, no. 5 (May 2016): 1225–1234.
      • March 2016
      • Supplement

      Compass Group: The Ascension Health Decision

      By: Ryan W. Buell
      In 2012, Compass Group (Compass) was on the verge of closing a $2 billion deal with Ascension Health (Ascension), one of the largest healthcare systems in the United States. Under the deal, Compass would provide foodservice management and cleaning services for 86 of... View Details
      Keywords: Operations Strategy; Sectorization; Operational Focus; Customer Compatibility; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Operations; Customer Focus and Relationships; Service Industry; Health Industry; United States
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      Buell, Ryan W. "Compass Group: The Ascension Health Decision." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 616-705, March 2016.
      • March 2016 (Revised February 2020)
      • Teaching Note

      Compass Group: The Ascension Health Decision

      By: Ryan W. Buell
      In 2012, Compass Group (Compass) was on the verge of closing a $2 billion deal with Ascension Health (Ascension), one of the largest healthcare systems in the United States. Under the deal, Compass would provide foodservice management and cleaning services for 86 of... View Details
      Keywords: Operations Strategy; Sectorization; Operational Focus; Customer Compatibility; Service Operations; Service Delivery; Operations; Customer Focus and Relationships; Service Industry; Health Industry; United States
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      Buell, Ryan W. "Compass Group: The Ascension Health Decision." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 616-046, March 2016. (Revised February 2020.)
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