Publications

2016
Working Paper

Signaling without Certification: The Critical Role of Civil Society Scrutiny

By: Susan A. Kayser, John W. Maxwell and Michael W. Toffel

In response to stakeholders' growing concerns, companies are joining voluntary environmental programs to signal their superior environmental management capabilities. In contrast to the literature's focus on certification programs that require a third-party audit, we... View Details

Keywords: United Nations; Labor Standards; Supplier Relationship; Procurement; Sustainability; Sustainability Management; Quality And Safety; Risk; Globalization; Globalized Markets and Industries; Governance; Working Conditions; Supply Chain Management; Supply Chain; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Quality; Risk and Uncertainty; Safety; Reputation

SSRN

January 2017
Article

Beyond Zeroes and Ones: The Intensity and Dynamics of Civil Conflict

By: Stephen Chaudoin, Zachary Peskowitz and Christopher Stanton

There is a tremendous amount of variation in conflict intensity both across and within civil conflicts. Some conflicts result in huge numbers of battle deaths, while others do not. Conflict intensity is also dynamic. Conflict intensity escalates, deescalates, and... View Details

Keywords: Civil Wars; Political Economy; Conflict; Trade Interdependence; War; Microeconomics

2011
Chapter

The World Bank and Democratic Accountability: The Role of Civil Society

By: Alnoor Ebrahim and Steve Herz

Keywords: International Finance; Banks and Banking; Civil Society or Community; Governance Compliance; Banking Industry

September 2015
Article

Codes in Context: How States, Markets, and Civil Society Shape Adherence to Global Labor Standards

By: Michael W. Toffel, Jodi L. Short and Melissa Ouellet

Transnational business regulation is increasingly implemented through private voluntary programs—like certification regimes and codes of conduct—that diffuse global standards. But little is known about the conditions under which companies adhere to these standards. We... View Details

Keywords: Transnational Regulation; Labor Standards; Consumer Politics; Codes Of Conduct; Compliance; Governance Compliance; Operations; Globalization; Labor

Article

Private and Civil Society Governors of Mercury Pollution from Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining: A Network Analytic Approach

By: Kristin Sippl

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is both a subsistence livelihood for millions of people and the leading source of mercury pollution globally. The United Nation’s 2013 Minamata Convention on Mercury aims to address this challenge, but such public regulatory... View Details

Keywords: Artisanal And Small-scale Mining (ASM); Private Governance; Gold; Mercury; Mining; Governance; Networks; Pollutants; Research

2006
Book

Effective Management of Social Enterprises: Lessons from Businesses and Civil Society Organizations in Iberoamerica

By: James E. Austin, Roberto Gutierrez, Enrique Ogliastri and Ezequiel Reficco

Keywords: Management; Social Enterprise; Learning; Business Ventures; Organizations; Africa

March 2002
Article

Does Civil Society Stop the Downward Spiral of Bad Government or Speed it Up?

By: Arthur C. Brooks

March 2005 (Revised May 2007)
Compilation

Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War

By: Nancy F. Koehn

Analyzes Abraham Lincoln's leadership during America's greatest crisis, the 1861-1865 Civil War. Using Lincoln's own words, the case traces the development of the 16th president's leadership philosophy, ethics, and skills in the years leading up to war. View Details

Keywords: History; Government and Politics; War; Leadership Style; Ethics; United States

Purchase

Article

Big Other: Surveillance Capitalism and the Prospects of an Information Civilization

By: Shoshana Zuboff

This article describes an emergent logic of accumulation in the networked sphere, 'surveillance capitalism,' and considers its implications for 'information civilization.' The institutionalizing practices and operational assumptions of Google Inc. are the... View Details

Keywords: Surveillance Capitalism; Big Data; Google; Information Society; Privacy; Internet Of Everything; Rights; Economic Systems; Analytics and Data Science; Internet and the Web; Ethics

SSRN

06 Aug 2007
Research & Ideas

High Hills, Deep Poverty: Explaining Civil War in Nepal

whether ethnically diverse countries have a greater risk of civil war. Scholars have argued it both ways. Some say that if a society is very diverse it is very hard to coordinate rebel forces; you cannot get... View Details

Keywords: by Martha Lagace

March 22, 2016
Article

The Globalization of Corporate Environmental Disclosure: Accountability or Greenwashing?

By: Christopher Marquis, Michael W. Toffel and Yanhua Zhou

This article is a layman summary of "Scrutiny, Norms, and Selective Disclosure: A Global Study of Greenwashing," published in Organization Science 27, no. 2 (March–April 2016): 483–504. View Details

Keywords: Reporting; Environmental Performance; Civil Society; Corporate Disclosure; Integrated Corporate Reporting; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Civil Society or Community; Environmental Sustainability

January 2002 (Revised April 2002)
Background Note

Note on Conflict Diamonds: Why Are Civil Wars, Like Diamonds, Forever?

Discusses the role of diamonds in Angola's civil war. View Details

Keywords: War; Goods and Commodities; Mining; Mining Industry; Angola

Educators

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02 Sep 2019
Working Paper Summaries

Legislators' Response to Changes in the Electorate: The Great Migration and Civil Rights

Keywords: by Alvaro Calderon, Vasiliki Fouka, and Marco Tabellini

Article

A Persuasive Peace: Syrian Refugees' Attitudes Towards Compromise and Civil War Termination

By: Kristin Fabbe, Chad Hazlett and Tolga Sınmazdemir

Civilians who have fled violent conflict and settled in neighboring countries are integral to processes of civil war termination. Contingent on their attitudes, they can either back peaceful settlements or support warring groups and continued fighting. Attitudes toward... View Details

Keywords: Refugees; War; Conflict and Resolution; Attitudes; Perspective; Syria

2015
Working Paper

Bureaucratic Norms and State Capacity in India: Implementing Primary Education in the Himalayan Region

By: Akshay Mangla

Himachal Pradesh outperforms other Indian states in implementing universal primary education. Through comparative field research, this article finds that bureaucratic norms—unwritten rules that guide public officials—influence how well state agencies deliver services... View Details

Keywords: India; Norms; State Capacity; Civil Society; Policy Implementation; Education; Policy; Performance Capacity; Education Industry; Public Administration Industry; India