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- All HBS Web
(921)
- News (259)
- Research (523)
- Events (2)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (154)
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- December 2018 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
Creating the French Behavioral Insights Team
By: Michael Luca, Ariella Kristal and Emilie Billaud
This case explores how neuroscientist Mariam Chammat helped set up the first behavioral insights team at the center of the French government, and encouraged French administrations to innovate and create policy initiatives based on psychological theories of influence... View Details
Keywords: Choice Architecture; Behavioral Economics; Experiments; Negotiation; Decision Making; Economics; Taxation; Entrepreneurship; Consumer Behavior; Public Administration Industry; Europe; France; Paris
Luca, Michael, Ariella Kristal, and Emilie Billaud. "Creating the French Behavioral Insights Team." Harvard Business School Case 919-015, December 2018. (Revised June 2020.)
- Article
Seeking the Roots of Entrepreneurship: Insights from Behavioral Economics
By: Thomas Astebro, Holger Herz, Ramana Nanda and Roberto A. Weber
There is a growing body of evidence that many entrepreneurs seem to enter and persist in entrepreneurship despite earning low risk-adjusted returns. This has lead to attempts to provide explanations—using both standard economic theory and behavioral economics—for why... View Details
Astebro, Thomas, Holger Herz, Ramana Nanda, and Roberto A. Weber. "Seeking the Roots of Entrepreneurship: Insights from Behavioral Economics." Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, no. 3 (Summer 2014): 49–70.
- March 2015 (Revised January 2020)
- Supplement
Behavioural Insights Team (B)
By: Michael Luca and Patrick Rooney
The Behavioural Insights Team case introduces students to the concept of choice architecture and the value of experimental methods (sometimes called A/B testing) within organizational contexts. The exercise provides an opportunity for students to apply these principles... View Details
Keywords: Behavioral Economics; Experiments; Choice Architecture; Public Entrepreneurship; United Kingdom
Luca, Michael, and Patrick Rooney. "Behavioural Insights Team (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 915-025, March 2015. (Revised January 2020.)
- March 2015 (Revised January 2020)
- Case
Behavioural Insights Team (A)
By: Michael Luca and Patrick Rooney
The Behavioural Insights Team case introduces students to the concept of choice architecture and the value of experimental methods (sometimes called A/B testing) within organizational contexts. The exercise provides an opportunity for students to apply these principles... View Details
Keywords: Behavioral Economics; Experiments; Choice Architecture; Public Entrepreneurship; Decision Choices and Conditions; Consumer Behavior; Taxation; Economics; Public Administration Industry; United Kingdom
Luca, Michael, and Patrick Rooney. "Behavioural Insights Team (A)." Harvard Business School Case 915-024, March 2015. (Revised January 2020.)
- 2017
- Chapter
Government and Organizations: Transforming Institutions Using Behavioral Insights
By: Abigail Dalton and Max Bazerman
Dalton, Abigail, and Max Bazerman. "Government and Organizations: Transforming Institutions Using Behavioral Insights." Chap. 5 in Making Research Matter: A Psychologist's Guide to Public Engagement, edited by Linda Tropp. Washington, DC: APA Books, 2017.
- March 2016 (Revised January 2020)
- Teaching Note
Behavioural Insights Team (A) and (B)
By: Michael Luca and Patrick Rooney
The Behavioural Insights Team case introduces students to the concept of choice architecture and the value of experimental methods (sometimes called A/B testing) within organizational contexts. The exercise provides an opportunity for students to apply these principles... View Details
- March 2022
- Module Note
A Behavioral Science Perspective on Motivation and Incentives
By: John Beshears and Ashley Whillans
This module note for instructors describes a module that integrates insights from the behavioral science of motivation into the economic analysis of incentive systems. View Details
Keywords: Motivation; Incentives; Behavioral Science; Behavioral Economics; Motivation and Incentives; Economics; Analysis; Human Resources
Beshears, John, and Ashley Whillans. "A Behavioral Science Perspective on Motivation and Incentives." Harvard Business School Module Note 922-033, March 2022.
- 2012
- Article
A Reduced-Form Approach to Behavioral Public Finance
By: Sendhil Mullainathan, Joshua Schwartzstein and William Congdon
Research in behavioral public finance has blossomed in recent years, producing diverse empirical and theoretical insights. This article develops a single framework with which to understand these advances. Rather than drawing out the consequences of specific... View Details
Mullainathan, Sendhil, Joshua Schwartzstein, and William Congdon. "A Reduced-Form Approach to Behavioral Public Finance." Annual Review of Economics 4 (2012): 511–540.
- March–April 2017
- Article
Advancing Conservation by Understanding and Influencing Human Behavior
By: Sheila M. Reddy, Jensen Montambault, Yuta J. Masuda, Ayelet Gneezy, Elizabeth Keenan, William Butler, Jonathan R. Fisher and Stanley T. Asah
Behavioral sciences can advance conservation by systematically identifying behavioral barriers to conservation and how to best overcome them. Behavioral sciences have informed policy in many other realms (e.g., health, savings), but they are a largely untapped resource... View Details
Keywords: Adaptive Management; Awareness; Behavioral Economics; Behavioral Science; Conservation Intervention; Conservation Planning; Decision-making; Incentives; Nudge; Management; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior; Marketing; Decision Making; Environmental Sustainability; Economics
Reddy, Sheila M., Jensen Montambault, Yuta J. Masuda, Ayelet Gneezy, Elizabeth Keenan, William Butler, Jonathan R. Fisher, and Stanley T. Asah. "Advancing Conservation by Understanding and Influencing Human Behavior." Conservation Letters 10, no. 2 (March–April 2017): 248–256. (doi:10.1111/conl.12252.)
- March 2006
- Article
Talking Tainted Topics: Insights and Ideas on Researching Socially Disapproved Organizational Behavior
By: Tammy MacLean, Michel Anteby, Bryant Hudson and Jenny W. Rudolph
MacLean, Tammy, Michel Anteby, Bryant Hudson, and Jenny W. Rudolph. "Talking Tainted Topics: Insights and Ideas on Researching Socially Disapproved Organizational Behavior." Journal of Management Inquiry 15, no. 1 (March 2006): 59–68.
- March 2021 (Revised September 2021)
- Case
Applied: Using Behavioral Science to Debias Hiring
By: Ashley Whillans and Jeff Polzer
The UK government’s Behavioural Insights Team (BIT) needed to hire a new associate and were trying to increase the diversity of their job candidates. This decision was based on academic research showing that recruiters and managers often fell into common traps like... View Details
Keywords: Hiring; Bias; Behavioral Science; Selection and Staffing; Diversity; Prejudice and Bias; Information Technology; Recruitment
Whillans, Ashley, and Jeff Polzer. "Applied: Using Behavioral Science to Debias Hiring." Harvard Business School Case 921-046, March 2021. (Revised September 2021.) (https://www.beapplied.com/.)
- 2015
- Chapter
The Consumer Psychology of Online Privacy: Insights and Opportunities from Behavioral Decision Theory
By: Leslie K. John
John, Leslie K. "The Consumer Psychology of Online Privacy: Insights and Opportunities from Behavioral Decision Theory." In The Cambridge Handbook of Consumer Psychology, edited by Michael I. Norton, Derek D. Rucker, and Cait Lamberton. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
- 2018
- Chapter
Work and Workplace
By: Kai Ruggeri, Jana Berkessel, Jascha Achterberg, Gerhard M. Prinz, Alessandra Luna-Navarro, Jon M. Jachimowicz and A. V. Whillans
Work is a major part of many lives. While individual experiences with work will differ—from how long we work to what jobs we have and to what extent we enjoy them—almost everyone is affected by employment, whether they have a job or not. Decades of research in the... View Details
Keywords: Workplace; Behavioral Insights; Retirement Savings; Working Conditions; Employees; Performance; Happiness; Health; Job Search; Change
Ruggeri, Kai, Jana Berkessel, Jascha Achterberg, Gerhard M. Prinz, Alessandra Luna-Navarro, Jon M. Jachimowicz, and A. V. Whillans. "Work and Workplace." Chap. 9 in Behavioral Insights for Public Policy: Concepts and Cases, edited by Kai Ruggeri, 156–173. New York: Routledge, 2018.
- Article
Adam Smith, Behavioral Economist
By: Nava Ashraf, Colin Camerer and George Loewenstein
Adam Smith's psychological perspective in The Theory of Moral Sentiments is remarkably similar to "dual-process" frameworks advanced by psychologists, neuroscientists, and more recently by behavioral economists, based on behavioral data and detailed observations... View Details
Ashraf, Nava, Colin Camerer, and George Loewenstein. "Adam Smith, Behavioral Economist." Journal of Economic Perspectives 19, no. 3 (Summer 2005): 131–145. (Read an interview about this article in HBS Working Knowledge.)
- 2025
- Working Paper
The Hidden Costs of Working Multiple Jobs: Implications for Spending Behavior and Wellbeing
By: Paige Tsai and Ryan W. Buell
Problem definition: Amidst inflation, rising costs of living, an explosion in remote and gig working opportunities, and an increase in the part-time labor mix in economies around the world, it is becoming evermore commonplace for
people to earn labor income... View Details
Keywords: Behavioral Operations; Employee Behavior; Job Design and Levels; Personal Finance; Well-being; Happiness; Satisfaction; Wages
Tsai, Paige, and Ryan W. Buell. "The Hidden Costs of Working Multiple Jobs: Implications for Spending Behavior and Wellbeing." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-036, January 2025. (Revised March 2025.)
- 16 Jan 2006
- Research & Ideas
Adam Smith, Behavioral Economist?
Economic Perspectives, the authors find that Smith's insights from 1759 can contribute to modern thinking on everything from our fascination with celebrity to the theory of loss aversion. In fact, says Ashraf, Moral Sentiments presages... View Details
Keywords: by Ann Cullen
- 06 Jun 2016
- Research & Ideas
Skills and Behaviors that Make Entrepreneurs Successful
behaviors, and how different types of entrepreneurs are similar and different,” Applegate says. “These insights will enable us to do a better job of educating entrepreneurs, designing apprenticeships and providing the mentorship needed.”... View Details
Keywords: by HBS Working Knowledge
- Article
Three Principles to REVISE People's Unethical Behavior
By: Shahar Ayal, Francesca Gino, Rachel Barkan and Dan Ariely
Dishonesty and unethical behavior are widespread in the public and private sectors and cause immense annual losses. For instance, estimates of U.S. annual losses indicate $1 trillion paid in bribes, $270 billion lost due to unreported income, as well as $42 billion... View Details
Ayal, Shahar, Francesca Gino, Rachel Barkan, and Dan Ariely. "Three Principles to REVISE People's Unethical Behavior." Perspectives on Psychological Science 10, no. 6 (November 2015): 738–741.
- Teaching Interest
Leadership and Organizational Behavior (LEAD)
Professor Bernstein taught Leadership and Organizational Behavior (LEAD) from 2013-2016 (7 sections). This course focuses on how managers become effective leaders by addressing the human side of enterprise.
The course is divided into five modules:
- March 2023
- Supplement
Deepa Bachu (B): Insights and Experiments at Pensaar Design
By: Thomas Graeber, Joshua Schwartzstein and Amram Migdal
In this case, set in June 2019 in Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Deepa Bachu of Pensaar Design and her team work with client ITC Ltd. to use design thinking and behavioral experiments to improve workplace safety and strive toward the company’s zero-accident goal. The... View Details
Keywords: Buildings and Facilities; Design; Training; Working Conditions; Business or Company Management; Production; Business Processes; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Outcome or Result; Performance Improvement; Programs; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Groups and Teams; Labor and Management Relations; Rank and Position; Safety; Attitudes; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Trust; Well-being; Consulting Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry; Manufacturing Industry; India
Graeber, Thomas, Joshua Schwartzstein, and Amram Migdal. "Deepa Bachu (B): Insights and Experiments at Pensaar Design." Harvard Business School Supplement 923-034, March 2023.