Publications

May 2022
Case

Timnit Gebru: 'SILENCED No More' on AI Bias and The Harms of Large Language Models

By: Tsedal Neeley and Stefani Ruper

Dr. Timnit Gebru—a leading artificial intelligence (AI) computer scientist and co-lead of Google’s Ethical AI team—was messaging with one of her colleagues when she saw the words: “Did you resign?? Megan sent an email saying that she accepted your resignation.” Heart... View Details

Keywords: Ethics; Employment; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Technological Innovation

September 2002 (Revised June 2003)
Background Note

Multinationals as Global Intermediaries

By: Tarun Khanna and Krishna G. Palepu

Presents a conceptual framework of the circumstances when multinationals attempt to create, or face difficulty creating, value in cross-border commerce. Particular attention is paid to the role of multinationals as intermediaries in international transactions where the... View Details

Keywords: Framework; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Multinational Firms and Management; Marketing Channels; Market Transactions; Value Creation

08 Nov 2010
News

Asian and American Leadership Styles: How Are They Unique?

09 Aug 2011
News

The Case for Integrated Reporting

01 Jun 2021
News

How the World Ran Out of Everything

11 Sep 2020
Video

James Mwangi

James Mwangi, CEO of Kenya’s Equity Bank, explains that both international and state-owned banks failed to address the issue that 96 percent of the population had no bank accounts in post-colonial Kenya, and how Equity Bank was able to dramatically expand financial... View Details

Program

Finance for Senior Executives

Benefits By examining corporate finance from both internal and external perspectives, this executive finance program provides a solid grounding in the fundamentals of finance. You will build the skills and confidence to immediately apply... View Details

Lynda M. Applegate

Lynda M. Applegate is a Baker Foundation Professor at HBS and is Chair of the Advisory Committee for Harvard University’s Masters Degree of Liberal Arts in Finance and Management at the Harvard University Extension School. She has also played a... View Details

September–October 2024
Article

Where Data-Driven Decision-Making Can Go Wrong

By: Michael Luca and Amy C. Edmondson

When considering internal data or the results of a study, often business leaders either take the evidence presented as gospel or dismiss it altogether. Both approaches are misguided. What leaders need to do instead is conduct rigorous discussions that assess any... View Details

Keywords: Information; Analytics and Data Science; Analysis; Decision Making

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Article

Build It, Buy It, or Both? Rethinking the Sourcing of Advertising Services

By: Alvin J. Silk and Marta M. Stiglin

This paper provides an update on the current state of in-house agencies. Whereas traditional consideration of internalizing advertising services was framed as a binary choice of build or buy, today's advertisers frequently pursue hybrid policies of build and buy to... View Details

Keywords: Operations; Advertising; Advertising Industry

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08 Dec 2014
Blog Post

A New Way to Recruit

When I was a student at HBS, I spent a lot of time discussing my career with classmates who were interested in learning about my experiences working in venture capital, or as a summer intern at a start-up. HBS coffee chats are a great way... View Details

19 Mar 2013
Working Paper Summaries

Carry Trade and Exchange-Rate Regimes

Keywords: by Laura Alfaro & Fabio Kanczuk

March 2025 (Revised June 2025)
Case

Designing the Future of Work: Atlassian’s Distributed Work Practices

By: Ashley Whillans and Gabriel Rondón Ichikawa

In early 2020, the software company Atlassian made a bold commitment: employees could work from anywhere—forever. While many tech peers reversed course on remote work, Atlassian worked to optimize their fully distributed model across 13 countries. This case follows... View Details

2022
Article

Sea Level Rise and Pacific Small Island Developing States: Implications and Pathways

By: Srimayi Tenali

Sea level rise poses severe consequences for the economic stability, habitability, and existence of Pacific Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Recent legal developments have offered conflicting interpretations of the 1982 'UN Law of the Sea Convention', but under... View Details

Keywords: Natural Environment; Climate Change; Adaptation; Environmental Law; Oceania

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Article

The Effect of Institutional Factors on the Value of Corporate Diversification

By: Venkat Kuppuswamy, George Serafeim and Belen Villalonga

Using a large sample of diversified firms from 38 countries we investigate the influence of several national-level institutional factors or 'institutional voids' on the value of corporate diversification. Specifically, we explore whether the presence of frictions in a... View Details

Keywords: Diversification Discount; Institutions; Labor Market; Competition; Human Capital; Diversification; Value; Capital Markets

SSRN

May 2009 (Revised June 2009)
Case

Geographical Indications: I Say "Kalamata", the EU Says "Black Olive" (A)

By: Robert C. Pozen and Ani Krishni Satchcroft

In April 2005, Alexandra was the owner of an Australian farm that produced olives, including Kalamata table olives. Alexandra had invested in the expansion of her farm in anticipation of the evolution of her market from domestic trade in Australia to international... View Details

Keywords: Plant-Based Agribusiness; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Trademarks; Rights; Conflict and Resolution; Business Strategy; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; European Union; Australia

February 2006 (Revised May 2006)
Case

JA Worldwide: Managing Change in a Multi-governed Environment

By: Michael Chu and Barbara Zepp Larson

Post-merger, the head of Junior Achievement (JA) Worldwide must now oversee operations in 98 countries serving 6.6 million students, with over 7,600 local chapter board directors. President and CEO David Chernow's own board has increased to 111 members. Two separate... View Details

Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Model; Change Management; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Governance; Business or Company Management; Service Operations; Organizational Structure; Nonprofit Organizations; Balance and Stability

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2007
Working Paper

Global Competitors as Next-Door Neighbors: Competition and Geographic Concentration in the Semiconductor Industry

By: Minyuan Zhao and Juan Alcacer

Despite the many advantages offered by technology clusters, firms located in them face the risk of losing valuable knowledge to nearby competitors. In this study, we argue that multi-location firms strategically organize their R&D activities to appropriate the value of... View Details

Keywords: Information Technology; Industry Clusters; Innovation and Invention; Geographic Location; Competitive Strategy; Globalization; Semiconductor Industry

SSRN

December 1999
Case

Sun Microsystems, Inc. (A3): Network Computer: Robert Gianni on Answering the Skeptics

By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Jane Roessner

The concept behind the network computer (NC) at Sun Microsystems, Inc. was simple: bringing workstation performance to the desktop. Recent technological breakthroughs and changes in the marketplace made the NC project timely. But internal and external skeptics wondered... View Details

Keywords: Information Infrastructure; Technology Adoption; Fluctuation; Risk and Uncertainty; Technology Industry; Computer Industry