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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (2,593)
      • Faculty Publications  (584)

      Performance EffectivenessRemove Performance Effectiveness →

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      • Article

      How to (Inadvertently) Sabotage Your Organization

      By: Stefan Thomke
      Some of the biggest threats to organizational performance can and do come from within. In an age when companies are told to be agile, to learn from experiments, and to be entrepreneurial, we are still vulnerable to actions — deliberate or unintentional — that stem from... View Details
      Keywords: Management Practices; Effective Managers; Self-awareness; CIA,; Organizational Behavior; Management Practices and Processes; Organizations; Behavior; Performance
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      Thomke, Stefan. "How to (Inadvertently) Sabotage Your Organization." MIT Sloan Management Review (website) (September 4, 2019).
      • September 2019
      • Article

      Contingent Capital Trigger Effects: Evidence from Liability Management Exercises

      By: Boris Vallée
      This paper investigates the so called liability management exercises by European banks, which bear comparable effects to triggering contingent capital. I first explore the determinants of these exercises. I then study market reactions to these operations as well as... View Details
      Keywords: Contingent Capital; Financial Distress; Regulatory Capital; Financial Institutions; Legal Liability; Management; Banking Industry; Europe
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      Vallée, Boris. "Contingent Capital Trigger Effects: Evidence from Liability Management Exercises." Review of Corporate Finance Studies 8, no. 2 (September 2019): 235–259.
      • 2018
      • Article

      Prior Ties and the Limits of Peer Effects on Startup Team Performance

      By: Sharique Hasan and Rembrand Koning
      We conduct a field experiment at an entrepreneurship bootcamp to investigate whether interaction with proximate peers shapes a nascent startup team's performance. We find that teams whose members lack prior ties to others at the bootcamp experience peer effects that... View Details
      Keywords: Field Experiment; Peer Effects; Office Space; Knowledge Spillovers; Accelerators; Entrepreneurship; Knowledge Sharing; Performance; Technology Industry; India
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      Hasan, Sharique, and Rembrand Koning. "Prior Ties and the Limits of Peer Effects on Startup Team Performance." Strategic Management Journal 40, no. 9 (September 2019): 1394–1416.
      • Article

      Extending the Role of Headquarters Beyond the Firm Boundary: Entrepreneurial Alliance Innovation

      By: Jaeho Kim and Andy Wu
      Prior research on corporate headquarters (CHQ) characteristics identifies the impact of CHQ location and composition on the innovation outcomes of internal subsidiaries. However, given that external strategic alliances with high-tech entrepreneurial firms represent a... View Details
      Keywords: Alliance; Innovation; Corporate Headquarters; Geographic Proximity; Entrepreneurship; Corporate Strategy; Alliances; Joint Ventures; Innovation and Invention; Business Headquarters; Geographic Location
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      Kim, Jaeho, and Andy Wu. "Extending the Role of Headquarters Beyond the Firm Boundary: Entrepreneurial Alliance Innovation." Art. 15. Special Issue on Corporate Headquarters. Journal of Organization Design 8 (2019): 1–35.
      • May 2019
      • Article

      The Role of Gatekeepers in Capital Markets

      By: Sugata Roychowdhury and Suraj Srinivasan
      Gatekeepers in financial markets have the power to provide the institutional stability, fortitude and direction necessary for the development and the smooth functioning of capital markets. At the same time, they are often motivated by their own private incentives.... View Details
      Keywords: Gatekeepers; Capital Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Performance Effectiveness
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      Roychowdhury, Sugata, and Suraj Srinivasan. "The Role of Gatekeepers in Capital Markets." Journal of Accounting Research 57, no. 2 (May 2019): 295–322.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      rTSR: Properties, Determinants, and Consequences of Benchmark Choice

      By: Paul Ma, Jee-Eun Shin and Charles C.Y. Wang
      We develop a measurement-error framework for assessing the quality of relative-performance metrics designed to filter out the systematic component of performance and analyze relative total shareholder return (rTSR)—the predominant metric market participants use to... View Details
      Keywords: Relative TSR; Relative Performance Evaluation; Systematic Risk; Board Of Directors; Compensation Consultants; Style Effects; Executive Compensation; Performance Evaluation; Corporate Governance
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      Ma, Paul, Jee-Eun Shin, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "rTSR: Properties, Determinants, and Consequences of Benchmark Choice." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-112, April 2019. (Revised May 2021.)
      • 14 Apr 2019
      • Interview

      How to Build Psychological Safety, with Amy Edmondson

      By: Amy C. Edmondson and Dave Stachowiak
      Amy Edmondson is the Novartis Professor of Leadership and Management at the Harvard Business School. She has been recognized by the Thinkers50 global ranking of management thinkers for many years and was honored with their Talent Award in 2017. Amy is the author of... View Details
      Keywords: Psychological Safety; Organizational Culture; Groups and Teams; Performance Effectiveness
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      "How to Build Psychological Safety, with Amy Edmondson." Episode 404. Coaching for Leaders (podcast), April 14, 2019.
      • April 2019 (Revised January 2025)
      • Case

      Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects

      By: Christopher Stanton, Richard Saouma and Olivia Hull
      The importance of a good peer or coworker is widely discussed, but understanding the glue that makes coworkers valuable is less understood. This case sheds light on the importance of peers and the practices and environments that make a group greater than the sum of its... View Details
      Keywords: Talent and Talent Management; Interactive Communication; Experience and Expertise; Decision Making; Training; Design; Compensation and Benefits; Knowledge Acquisition; Knowledge Sharing; Human Capital; Working Conditions; Measurement and Metrics; Outcome or Result; Performance; Performance Improvement; Research; Sales; Salesforce Management; Motivation and Incentives; Telecommunications Industry; Utah; United States
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      Stanton, Christopher, Richard Saouma, and Olivia Hull. "Clear Link Technologies, LLC: Driving Sales with Peer Effects." Harvard Business School Case 819-072, April 2019. (Revised January 2025.)
      • April 2019
      • Article

      Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence

      By: Andrea Blasco, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani and Michael Menietti
      Understanding why employees go the extra mile at work is a key problem for many organizations. We conduct a field experiment at a medical organization to study motivations for employees to submit project proposals for organizational improvement. In total, we analyze... View Details
      Keywords: Field Experiment; Innovation; Contest; Incentives; Free-rider Problem; Healthcare Organizations; Employees; Motivation and Incentives; Innovation and Invention; Organizations; Performance Improvement; Perspective
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      Blasco, Andrea, Olivia S. Jung, Karim R. Lakhani, and Michael Menietti. "Incentives for Public Goods Inside Organizations: Field Experimental Evidence." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 160 (April 2019): 214–229.
      • April 2019
      • Article

      Private Equity and Financial Fragility during the Crisis

      By: Shai Bernstein, Josh Lerner and Filippo Mezzanotti
      Do private equity firms contribute to financial fragility during economic crises? We find that during the 2008 financial crisis, PE-backed companies increased investments relative to their peers, while also experiencing greater equity and debt inflows. The effects are... View Details
      Keywords: Private Equity; Financial Crisis; Performance; Financial Condition
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      Bernstein, Shai, Josh Lerner, and Filippo Mezzanotti. "Private Equity and Financial Fragility during the Crisis." Review of Financial Studies 32, no. 4 (April 2019): 1309–1373. (Earlier version distributed as National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 23626 and Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 18-005.)
      • March 2019 (Revised April 2019)
      • Case

      Measuring Impact at JUST Capital

      By: Ethan C. Rouen and Charles C.Y. Wang
      JUST Capital is a nonprofit organization that seeks to make public companies more "just" by measuring and ranking their overall impact on society, based on the priorities most important to the average American. This case examines JUST’s strategy for influencing... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Performance Evaluation
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      Rouen, Ethan C., and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Measuring Impact at JUST Capital." Harvard Business School Case 119-092, March 2019. (Revised April 2019.)
      • March 2019 (Revised March 2023)
      • Case

      Accion's Fintech Strategy

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan, Michael Chu and Tricia Gregg
      Accion, an NGO, had been a pioneer in microfinance since its entry into that sector in the early 1970s. Its investments in Banco Compartamos paid off, when the microfinance bank went IPO in 2007, leaving an influx of $138 million for Accion. Under a new CEO, Michael... View Details
      Keywords: Fintech; Impact Investing; Financial Inclusion; Technological Innovation; Strategy; Strategic Planning; Performance Effectiveness; Non-Governmental Organizations; Microfinance; Financial Institutions; Business Growth and Maturation; Customer Focus and Relationships; Industry Growth
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, Michael Chu, and Tricia Gregg. "Accion's Fintech Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 319-091, March 2019. (Revised March 2023.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Biometric Monitoring, Service Delivery and Misreporting: Evidence from Healthcare in India

      By: Thomas Bossuroy, Clara Delavallade and Vincent Pons
      Developing countries increasingly use biometric identification technology in hopes of improving the reliability of administrative information and delivering social services more efficiently. This paper exploits the random placement of biometric tracking devices in... View Details
      Keywords: Biometric Technology; Health Care and Treatment; Technological Innovation; Analytics and Data Science; Quality; Performance Improvement; India
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      Bossuroy, Thomas, Clara Delavallade, and Vincent Pons. "Biometric Monitoring, Service Delivery and Misreporting: Evidence from Healthcare in India." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 26388, October 2019. (Revise and resubmit requested, Review of Economics and Statistics.)
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      When Does Gamified Training Improve Performance? The Roles of Office and Leader Engagement

      By: Ryan W. Buell, Wei Cai and Tatiana Sandino
      Gamified training is a novel management control system in which companies use gamification techniques to engage and motivate employees to learn. This study empirically examines the performance consequences of gamified training using data from a natural field... View Details
      Keywords: Gamified Training; Management Control Systems; Employee Engagement; Employees; Learning; Training; Motivation and Incentives; Performance
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      Buell, Ryan W., Wei Cai, and Tatiana Sandino. "When Does Gamified Training Improve Performance? The Roles of Office and Leader Engagement." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-101, March 2019. (Revised October 2023.)
      • March 2019
      • Article

      A Structural Analysis of the Role of Superstars in Crowdsourcing Contests

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Param Singh and Anindya Ghose
      We investigate the long-term impact of competing against superstars in crowdsourcing contests. Using a unique 50-month longitudinal panel data set on 1677 software design crowdsourcing contests, we illustrate a learning effect where participants are able to improve... View Details
      Keywords: Crowdsourcing Contests; Superstar Effect; Bayesian Learning; Utility; Economics Of Information System; Dynamic Structural Model; Dynamic Programming; Markov Chain; Monte Carlo; Learning; Competition; Performance Improvement
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Param Singh, and Anindya Ghose. "A Structural Analysis of the Role of Superstars in Crowdsourcing Contests." Information Systems Research 30, no. 1 (March 2019): 15–33.
      • Article

      Thin Slices of Workgroups

      By: Patricia Satterstrom, Jeffrey T. Polzer, Lisa Kwan, Oliver P. Hauser, Wannawiruch Wiruchnipawan and Marina Burke
      In this paper, we explore whether perceivers can accurately assess the effectiveness of groups, how perceivers use group properties to inform their judgment, and the contextual and individual differences that allow some perceivers to be more accurate. Across seven... View Details
      Keywords: Group Perception; Group Effectiveness; Thin Slices; Social Sensitivity; Attentional Focus; Groups and Teams; Performance Effectiveness; Perception
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      Satterstrom, Patricia, Jeffrey T. Polzer, Lisa Kwan, Oliver P. Hauser, Wannawiruch Wiruchnipawan, and Marina Burke. "Thin Slices of Workgroups." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 151 (March 2019): 104–117.
      • March 2019
      • Article

      When Does Advice Impact Startup Performance?

      By: Aaron Chatterji, Solène Delecourt, Sharique Hasan and Rembrand Koning
      Why do some entrepreneurs thrive while others fail? We explore whether the advice entrepreneurs receive about managing their employees influences their startup's performance. We conducted a randomized field experiment in India with 100 high-growth technology firms... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurial Management; Field Experiment; Peer Effects; Entrepreneurial Ecosystems; Advice; Management Style; Management Practices and Processes; Knowledge Dissemination; Entrepreneurship; Performance; India
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      Chatterji, Aaron, Solène Delecourt, Sharique Hasan, and Rembrand Koning. "When Does Advice Impact Startup Performance?" Strategic Management Journal 40, no. 3 (March 2019): 331–356.
      • Article

      The Right and Wrong Way to Do ‘CEO Activism’

      By: Aaron K Chatterji and Michael W. Toffel
      CEO activism—where leaders take public stands on controversial social and political issues that aren’t related to their company’s bottom line—has become increasingly common. CEO activism has attracted favorable media attention, but has also resulted in backlash and... View Details
      Keywords: Leadership; Social Issues; Communication Strategy; Performance Effectiveness
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      Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "The Right and Wrong Way to Do ‘CEO Activism’." Wall Street Journal (February 22, 2019).
      • Article

      Why Am I Seeing This Ad? The Effect of Ad Transparency on Ad Effectiveness

      By: Tami Kim, Kate Barasz and Leslie K. John
      Given the increasingly specific ways marketers can target ads, many consumers and regulators are demanding ad transparency: disclosure of how consumers’ personal information was used to generate ads. We investigate how and why ad transparency impacts ad effectiveness.... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Marketing; Customization and Personalization; Information; Trust; Performance Effectiveness
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      Kim, Tami, Kate Barasz, and Leslie K. John. "Why Am I Seeing This Ad? The Effect of Ad Transparency on Ad Effectiveness." Journal of Consumer Research 45, no. 5 (February 2019): 906–932.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Relative Performance Transparency: Effects on Sustainable Choices

      By: Ryan W. Buell, Shwetha Mariadassou and Yanchong Zheng
      We study how transparency into the levels and changes of relative sustainability performance affects consumer choices. Our work considers two forms of transparency: process transparency, in which customers receive information about the company's sustainability... View Details
      Keywords: Relative Performance Tranparency; Process Transparency; Customer Transparency; Levels; Changes; Reflectiveness; Self-serving Attribution Biases; Sustainability; Consumer Choice
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      Buell, Ryan W., Shwetha Mariadassou, and Yanchong Zheng. "Relative Performance Transparency: Effects on Sustainable Choices." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-079, January 2019.
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