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      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      No Line Left Behind: Assortative Matching Inside the Firm

      By: Achyuta Adhvaryu, Vittorio Bassi, Anant Nyshadham and Jorge Tamayo
      How do firms pair workers with managers, and which constraints affect the allocation of labor within the firm? We characterize the sorting pattern of managers to workers in a large readymade garment manufacturer in India and then explore potential drivers of the... View Details
      Keywords: Assortative Matching; Productivity; Global Buyers; Readymade Garments; Management; Employees; Performance Productivity
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      Adhvaryu, Achyuta, Vittorio Bassi, Anant Nyshadham, and Jorge Tamayo. "No Line Left Behind: Assortative Matching Inside the Firm." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-103, March 2020.
      • April 2020 (Revised July 2020)
      • Case

      Unrest in Chile

      By: Vincent Pons, William Mullins, John Masko, Annelena Lobb and Rafael Di Tella
      In 2020, Chileans would head to the ballot box to decide their country’s future. Many international observers credited Chile’s decades of neoliberal governance with turning the country into Latin America’s “Tiger,” a prosperous, diversified economy on its way to... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Macroeconomics; Economy; Political Elections; Public Opinion; Social Issues; Equality and Inequality; System Shocks; Chile; Latin America
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      Pons, Vincent, William Mullins, John Masko, Annelena Lobb, and Rafael Di Tella. "Unrest in Chile." Harvard Business School Case 720-033, April 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
      • Article

      Signing at the Beginning vs at the End Does Not Decrease Dishonesty

      By: Ariella S. Kristal, A.V. Whillans, Max Bazerman, Francesca Gino, Lisa Shu, Nina Mazar and Dan Ariely
      Honest reporting is essential for society to function well. However, people frequently lie when asked to provide information, such as misrepresenting their income to save money on taxes. A landmark finding published in PNAS (Shu, Mazar, Gino, Ariely, and Bazerman,... View Details
      Keywords: Morality; Nudge; Policy-making; Replication; Honesty; Moral Sensibility; Behavior; Policy
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      Kristal, Ariella S., A.V. Whillans, Max Bazerman, Francesca Gino, Lisa Shu, Nina Mazar, and Dan Ariely. "Signing at the Beginning vs at the End Does Not Decrease Dishonesty." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 13 (March 31, 2020): 7103–7107.
      • March 24, 2020
      • Article

      Delayed Negative Effects of Prosocial Spending on Happiness

      By: Armin Falk and Thomas Graeber
      Does prosocial behavior promote happiness? We test this longstanding hypothesis in a behavioral experiment that extends the scope of previous research. In our Saving a Life paradigm, every participant either saved one human life in expectation by triggering a targeted... View Details
      Keywords: Prosocial Behavior; Altruism; Happiness; Well-being; Spending; Behavior
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      Falk, Armin, and Thomas Graeber. "Delayed Negative Effects of Prosocial Spending on Happiness." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 12 (March 24, 2020): 6463–6468.
      • March 2020
      • Article

      Diagnosing Missing Always at Random in Multivariate Data

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov, Natesh S. Pillai and Donald B. Rubin
      Models for analyzing multivariate data sets with missing values require strong, often assessable, assumptions. The most common of these is that the mechanism that created the missing data is ignorable—a twofold assumption dependent on the mode of inference. The first... View Details
      Keywords: Missing Data; Diagnostic Tools; Sensitivity Analysis; Hypothesis Testing; Missing At Random; Row Exchangeability; Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Natesh S. Pillai, and Donald B. Rubin. "Diagnosing Missing Always at Random in Multivariate Data." Biometrika 107, no. 1 (March 2020): 246–253.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Design in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

      By: Roberto Verganti, Luca Vendraminelli and Marco Iansiti
      Artificial Intelligence (AI) is affecting the scenario in which innovation takes place. What are the implications for our understanding of design? Is AI just another digital technology that, akin to many others, will not significantly question what we know about... View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Design Thinking; Technological Innovation; Design; Change; Theory; AI and Machine Learning
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      Verganti, Roberto, Luca Vendraminelli, and Marco Iansiti. "Design in the Age of Artificial Intelligence." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-091, February 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Effects of Information on Credit Market Competition: Evidence from Credit Cards

      By: C. Fritz Foley, Agustin Hurtado, Andres Liberman and Alberto Sepulveda
      We show empirically that public credit information increases competition in credit markets. We access data that cover all credit card borrowers in Chile and include details about relationship borrowers have with each lender. We exploit a natural experiment whereby a... View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Credit; Financial Intermediaries; Credit; Information; Competition; Credit Cards; Financial Institutions
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      Foley, C. Fritz, Agustin Hurtado, Andres Liberman, and Alberto Sepulveda. "The Effects of Information on Credit Market Competition: Evidence from Credit Cards." Working Paper, February 2020.
      • Article

      What We Can Learn from Five Naturalistic Field Experiments That Failed to Shift Commuter Behaviour

      By: Ariella S. Kristal and A.V. Whillans
      Across five field experiments with employees of a large organization (n = 68,915), we examined whether standard behavioural interventions (“nudges”) successfully reduced single-occupancy vehicle commutes. In Studies 1 and 2, we sent letters and emails with nudges... View Details
      Keywords: Commuting; Field Experiments; Nudges; Behavior; Change
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      Kristal, Ariella S., and A.V. Whillans. "What We Can Learn from Five Naturalistic Field Experiments That Failed to Shift Commuter Behaviour." Nature Human Behaviour 4, no. 2 (February 2020): 169–176. (This article was featured on the cover as the lead article.)
      • Article

      Beyond Emotional Similarity: The Role of Situation-specific Motives

      By: Amit Goldenberg, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, Jamil Zaki, Danyang Kong, Golijeh Golarai and James J. Gross
      It is well established that people often express emotions that are similar to those of other group members. However, people do not always express emotions that are similar to other group members, and the factors that determine when similarity occurs are not yet clear.... View Details
      Keywords: Emotion Contagion; Emotional Influence; Motivation; Group Dynamics; Emotions; Situation or Environment; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior
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      Goldenberg, Amit, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, Jamil Zaki, Danyang Kong, Golijeh Golarai, and James J. Gross. "Beyond Emotional Similarity: The Role of Situation-specific Motives." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 149, no. 1 (January 2020): 138–159.
      • December 2019
      • Article

      It Helps to Ask: The Cumulative Benefits of Asking Follow-up Questions

      By: Michael Yeomans, Alison Wood Brooks, Karen Huang, Julia A. Minson and Francesca Gino
      In a recent article published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JPSP; Huang, Yeomans, Brooks, Minson, & Gino, 2017), we reported the results of 2 experiments involving “getting acquainted” conversations among strangers and an observational field... View Details
      Keywords: Question-asking; Conversation; Communication; Relationships; Interpersonal Communication
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      Yeomans, Michael, Alison Wood Brooks, Karen Huang, Julia A. Minson, and Francesca Gino. "It Helps to Ask: The Cumulative Benefits of Asking Follow-up Questions." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 117, no. 6 (December 2019): 1139–1144.
      • December 2019
      • Article

      When Do We Punish People Who Don't?

      By: Justin W. Martin, Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand and Fiery Cushman
      People often punish norm violations. In what cases is such punishment viewed as normative—a behavior that we “should”or even“must”engage in? We approach this question by asking when people who fail to punish a norm violator are, themselves, punished. (For instance, a... View Details
      Keywords: Punishment; Norms; Cooperation; Societal Protocols; Adaptation
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      Martin, Justin W., Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand, and Fiery Cushman. "When Do We Punish People Who Don't?" Cognition 193 (December 2019).
      • November 2019 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Bayer Crop Science

      By: David E. Bell, Damien McLoughlin, Natalie Kindred and James Barnett
      In mid-2019, a year after German conglomerate Bayer Group closed its acquisition of U.S.-based seeds giant Monsanto, the leadership of Bayer’s Crop Science division (which absorbed Monsanto) is reflecting on the opportunities ahead. Some observers have questioned... View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Research and Development; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Mergers and Acquisitions; Consolidation; Customer Value and Value Chain; Change Management; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Technology Industry; United States; Germany
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      Bell, David E., Damien McLoughlin, Natalie Kindred, and James Barnett. "Bayer Crop Science." Harvard Business School Case 520-055, November 2019. (Revised January 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Engineering Serendipity: When Does Knowledge Sharing Lead to Knowledge Production?

      By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Eva C. Guinan and Karim R. Lakhani
      We investigate how knowledge similarity between two individuals is systematically related to the likelihood that a serendipitous encounter results in knowledge production. We conduct a natural field experiment at a medical research symposium, where we exogenously... View Details
      Keywords: Cognitive Similarity; Knowledge Creation; Knowledge Sharing; Knowledge Dissemination; Relationships
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      Lane, Jacqueline N., Ina Ganguli, Patrick Gaule, Eva C. Guinan, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Engineering Serendipity: When Does Knowledge Sharing Lead to Knowledge Production?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-058, November 2019. (Revised July 2020.)
      • October 14, 2019
      • Article

      Cracking the Code of Sustained Collaboration

      By: Francesca Gino
      When most organizations strive to increase collaboration, they approach it too narrowly: as a value to cultivate—not a skill to teach. So they create open offices, talk up collaboration as a corporate goal, and try to influence employees through other superficial means... View Details
      Keywords: Collaboration; Listening; Empathy; Feedback; Organizational Culture; Interpersonal Communication; Training; Programs
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      Gino, Francesca. "Cracking the Code of Sustained Collaboration." Harvard Business Review 97, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 73–81.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of the General Data Protection Regulation on Internet Interconnection

      By: Ran Zhuo, Bradley Huffaker, KC Claffy and Shane Greenstein
      The Internet comprises thousands of independently operated networks, where bilaterally negotiated interconnection agreements determine the flow of data between networks. The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) imposes strict restrictions on... View Details
      Keywords: Personal Data; Privacy Regulation; GDPR; Interconnection Agreements; Internet and the Web; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; European Union
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      Zhuo, Ran, Bradley Huffaker, KC Claffy, and Shane Greenstein. "The Impact of the General Data Protection Regulation on Internet Interconnection." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 26481, November 2019.
      • October 14, 2019
      • Article

      The Truth About Open Offices: There Are Reasons Why They Don't Produce the Desired Interactions

      By: Ethan Bernstein and Ben Waber
      It’s never been easier for workers to collaborate—or so it seems. Open, flexible, activity-based spaces are displacing cubicles, making people more visible. Messaging is displacing phone calls, making people more accessible. Enterprise social media such as Slack and... View Details
      Keywords: Buildings and Facilities; Interpersonal Communication; Communication Technology; Design; Human Resources; Performance Productivity; Organizational Design
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      Bernstein, Ethan, and Ben Waber. "The Truth About Open Offices: There Are Reasons Why They Don't Produce the Desired Interactions." Harvard Business Review 97, no. 6 (November–December 2019): 82–91.
      • October 2019 (Revised August 2020)
      • Case

      Souqalmal: The Choice Is Yours (A)

      By: V.G. Narayanan and Alpana Thapar
      This case describes how Ambareen Musa, Founder and CEO of Souqalmal, a Dubai-based online comparison aggregator of banking and insurance products launched her business in 2011 and rapidly grew it over next couple of years. However, by 2017, the Mauritian entrepreneur... View Details
      Keywords: Unit Economics; Finance; Accounting; Competitive Strategy; Financial Statements; Insurance Industry; Middle East
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      Narayanan, V.G., and Alpana Thapar. "Souqalmal: The Choice Is Yours (A)." Harvard Business School Case 120-028, October 2019. (Revised August 2020.)
      • September 2019
      • Article

      The Self-Presentational Consequences of Upholding One's Stance in Spite of the Evidence

      By: Leslie John, Martha Jeong, Francesca Gino and Laura Huang
      Five studies explore the self-presentational consequences of refusing to “back down” – that is, upholding a stance despite evidence of its inaccuracy. Using data from an entrepreneurial pitch competition, Study 1 shows that entrepreneurs tend not to back down even... View Details
      Keywords: Self-presentation; Belief Perseverance; Judgment; Confidence; Persuasion; Personal Characteristics; Behavior; Perception; Decision Making; Outcome or Result
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      John, Leslie, Martha Jeong, Francesca Gino, and Laura Huang. "The Self-Presentational Consequences of Upholding One's Stance in Spite of the Evidence." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 154 (September 2019): 1–14.
      • Article

      Valuing Time Over Money Predicts Happiness After a Major Life Transition: A Preregistered Longitudinal Study of Graduating Students

      By: A.V. Whillans, Lucia Macchia and Elizabeth Dunn
      How does prioritizing time or money shape major life decisions and subsequent well-being? In a preregistered longitudinal study of approximately 1000 graduating university students, respondents who valued time over money chose more intrinsically rewarding activities... View Details
      Keywords: Time Use; Trade-offs; Career Decisions; Time Management; Money; Happiness; Values and Beliefs; Personal Development and Career
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      Whillans, A.V., Lucia Macchia, and Elizabeth Dunn. "Valuing Time Over Money Predicts Happiness After a Major Life Transition: A Preregistered Longitudinal Study of Graduating Students." Science Advances 5, no. 9 (September 2019).
      • August 2019 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      Zillow Offers: Winning Online Real Estate 2.0

      By: Luis Viceira, Marco Di Maggio and Allison Ciechanover
      Founded in 2005, Zillow had become the leading online real estate and home-related marketplace. The brand was recognized as a trusted resource for players in the real estate market, providing information and transparency on home prices. Revenue, which was historically... View Details
      Keywords: Real Estate; Corporate Culture; Intermediation; Brokerage; Startup; Evaluating Business Investments; Property; Information Technology; Business Model; Expansion; Business Startups; Real Estate Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
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      Viceira, Luis, Marco Di Maggio, and Allison Ciechanover. "Zillow Offers: Winning Online Real Estate 2.0." Harvard Business School Case 220-021, August 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
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