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- September 2019 (Revised July 2021)
- Case
Gap, Inc., 2019
By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
In 2000, The Gap, Inc. (Gap) was the world’s largest player in specialty fashion retailing, and companies such as Inditex of Spain, H&M of Sweden, and Fast Retailing of Japan were less than a quarter of Gap’s size. But after two decades of growth, Gap’s progress... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Change; Fashion; Multinational; Brands; Fast Fashion; Competition; Multinational Firms and Management; Performance Improvement; Management Teams; Brands and Branding; Change Management; Strategy; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Sweden; Spain; United States
Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Gap, Inc., 2019." Harvard Business School Case 720-377, September 2019. (Revised July 2021.)
- January–February 2015
- Article
Heroic Villains: Are Foreign Investors Problems or Solutions in the Ebola Crisis?
By: Debora L. Spar
For months, the news out of West Africa has been unrelentingly grim. As of early December, the devastating Ebola epidemic had infected a reported 17,942 people and killed 6,388, according to the World Health Organization (WHO); the actual toll, which would also account... View Details
Keywords: Ebola; Multinational Corporation; Epidemics; Foreign Investment; Extractive Industries; Multinational Firms and Management; Health Pandemics; Developing Countries and Economies; Government and Politics; Africa
Spar, Debora L. "Heroic Villains: Are Foreign Investors Problems or Solutions in the Ebola Crisis?" Foreign Policy 210 (January–February 2015).
- May 2013 (Revised March 2014)
- Case
Gap, Inc., 2012
By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
Between 2000 and 2012, Gap, Inc. (Gap) ceded its world leadership position in specialty fashion retailing to Inditex of Spain and H&M of Sweden. These two companies, each less than a quarter of Gap's size in 2000, were now setting the pace in the global mass fashion... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Change; Fashion; Multinational; Brands; Competition; Multinational Firms and Management; Performance Improvement; Strategy; Brands and Branding; Change Management; Retail Industry; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Sweden; Spain; United States
Wells, John R., and Galen Danskin. "Gap, Inc., 2012." Harvard Business School Case 713-511, May 2013. (Revised March 2014.)
- Article
Should Business Have Human Rights Obligations?
By: Nien-he Hsieh
Businesses and their managers are increasingly called upon to take on human rights obligations. Focusing on the case of multinational enterprises (MNEs), the paper argues we have reason to reject assigning human rights obligations to business enterprises and their... View Details
Keywords: Human Rights; Ruggie Principles; Corporate Responsibility; Multinationals; Rights; Multinational Firms and Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Hsieh, Nien-he. "Should Business Have Human Rights Obligations?" Special Issue on Business and Human Rights. Journal of Human Rights 14, no. 2 (April–June 2015): 218–236.
- Research Summary
Institutions and Corporate Lobbying
“Institutions and Make-or-Buy Decision of Lobbying: The Role of Sociopolitical Legitimacy on Foreign MNEs’ Lobbying Internalization”
In this study, I examine how legitimacy comes into play in foreign MNEs’ make-or-buy decisions... View Details
Keywords: Institutions; Make V. Buy; Lobbying; Legitimacy; Corruption; Culture; Multinational Enterprise; United States
- February 2016 (Revised June 2016)
- Case
The Maggi Noodle Safety Crisis in India (A)
By: Karthik Ramanna and Radhika Kak
The local government in Delhi has ordered a ban on Nestlé's flagship product in India—Maggi Noodles—citing excessive lead content per government lab tests. Nestlé disputes the government tests, noting that internal and third-party tests show the product to be safe.... View Details
Keywords: Multinationals; Regulation; Customer Relations; Business And Government; Crisis Management; Leadership; Multinational Firms and Management; Globalization; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Safety; Customer Relationship Management; Business and Government Relations; India; Europe; Switzerland
Ramanna, Karthik, and Radhika Kak. "The Maggi Noodle Safety Crisis in India (A)." Harvard Business School Case 116-013, February 2016. (Revised June 2016.)
- February 2012
- Case
Kent Chemical: Organizing for International Growth
By: Christopher A. Bartlett and Laura Winig
In July 2008, Luis Morales, president of Kent Chemical International, is proposing a third reorganization effort after two failed attempts to better align his business with its U.S.-based parent company. With a global expansion strategy placing increasing demands on... View Details
Keywords: International Business; Organizational Change; Multinational Corporations; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Multinational Firms and Management; Organizational Design; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Structure; Corporate Strategy; Organizational Culture; Global Strategy; Chemical Industry; United States
Bartlett, Christopher A., and Laura Winig. "Kent Chemical: Organizing for International Growth." Harvard Business School Brief Case 124-409, February 2012.
- January 2016 (Revised May 2016)
- Supplement
IKEA in Saudi Arabia (C)
By: Karthik Ramanna, Jerome Lenhardt and Marc Homsy
Supplements the (A) Case. View Details
Keywords: Corporate Values; Islam; Multinationals; Globalization; Leadership; Equality and Inequality; Multinational Firms and Management; Religion; Organizational Culture; Gender; Consumer Products Industry; Saudi Arabia; Sweden
Ramanna, Karthik, Jerome Lenhardt, and Marc Homsy. "IKEA in Saudi Arabia (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 116-017, January 2016. (Revised May 2016.)
- March 2011
- Teaching Note
United Cereal: Lora Brill's Eurobrand Challenge (Brief Case)
By: Christopher A. Bartlett and Carole Carlson
Teaching Note for 4269. View Details
- January 2016 (Revised May 2016)
- Supplement
IKEA in Saudi Arabia (B)
By: Karthik Ramanna, Jerome Lenhardt and Marc Homsy
Supplements the (A) case. View Details
Keywords: Corporate Values; Islam; Multinationals; Globalization; Leadership; Equality and Inequality; Multinational Firms and Management; Religion; Organizational Culture; Gender; Consumer Products Industry; Saudi Arabia; Sweden
Ramanna, Karthik, Jerome Lenhardt, and Marc Homsy. "IKEA in Saudi Arabia (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 116-016, January 2016. (Revised May 2016.)
- January 2014
- Case
Emirates Airline: Connecting the Unconnected
By: Juan Alcacer and John Clayton
Narrates the story of Emirates, an airline founded in 1985 in Dubai that by 2013 was among the three largest commercial airlines in the world. The case emphasizes how Emirates capitalized on its location—a small city–state strategically located to reach ¾ of the world... View Details
Keywords: Sustainable Competitive Advantage; Airlines; Multinational; Location Strategies; Geographic Location; Multinational Firms and Management; Air Transportation; Competitive Advantage; Business Strategy; Air Transportation Industry; Middle East; Dubai
Alcacer, Juan, and John Clayton. "Emirates Airline: Connecting the Unconnected." Harvard Business School Case 714-432, January 2014.
- Research Summary
Foreign Direct Investment, Finance, and Economic Development
Research has sought to understand how foreign direct investment affects host economies. This paper reviews the empirical literature, specifically addressing the question: How does FDI affect economic development of host countries and what is the role of local financial... View Details
- August 2016
- Article
'Meso'-Foundations of Dynamic Capabilities: Team-Level Synthesis and Distributed Leadership as the Source of Dynamic Creativity
By: Ikujiro Nonaka, Ayano Hirose and Yusaku Takeda
This article examines the theoretical foundations of an organization's dynamic capabilities—sensing, seizing, and transforming—from the perspective of organizational knowledge creation. Making a distinction between the creative and adaptive aspects of dynamic... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Knowledge Creation Theory; Dynamic Capabilities; Middle-up-down Management; Wise Leadership; Phronesis; Multinational Enterprise; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Multinational Firms and Management; Management Practices and Processes; Creativity; Organizational Structure; Knowledge
Nonaka, Ikujiro, Ayano Hirose, and Yusaku Takeda. "'Meso'-Foundations of Dynamic Capabilities: Team-Level Synthesis and Distributed Leadership as the Source of Dynamic Creativity." Global Strategy Journal 6, no. 3 (August 2016): 168–182.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Effects of Temporal Distance on Intra-Firm Communication: Evidence from Daylight Savings Time
By: Jasmina Chauvin, Prithwiraj Choudhury and Tommy Pan Fang
Cross-border communication costs have plummeted and enabled the global distribution of work, but frictions attributable to distance persist. We estimate the causal effects of temporal distance, i.e., time zone separation between employees, on intra-firm communication,... View Details
Keywords: Communication Patterns; Time Zones; Geographic Frictions; Knowledge Workers; Multinational Companies; Communication; Multinational Firms and Management; Geographic Location
Chauvin, Jasmina, Prithwiraj Choudhury, and Tommy Pan Fang. "The Effects of Temporal Distance on Intra-Firm Communication: Evidence from Daylight Savings Time." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-052, September 2020. (Revised November 2021.)
- February 2012
- Teaching Note
Kent Chemical: Organizing for International Growth (Brief Case)
By: Christopher A. Bartlett and Laura Winig
Teaching Note for Product #4409 View Details
- February 2016 (Revised June 2016)
- Supplement
The Maggi Noodle Safety Crisis in India (B)
By: Karthik Ramanna and Radhika Kak
The local government in Delhi has ordered a ban on Nestlé's flagship product in India—Maggi Noodles, citing excessive lead content per government lab tests. Nestlé disputes the government tests, noting that internal and third-party tests show the product to be safe.... View Details
Keywords: Multinationals; Globalization; Regulation; Customer Relations; Business And Government; Safety; Leadership; Food; Multinational Firms and Management; Governance Compliance; Crisis Management; Customer Focus and Relationships; Business and Government Relations; Food and Beverage Industry; Delhi
Ramanna, Karthik, and Radhika Kak. "The Maggi Noodle Safety Crisis in India (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 116-014, February 2016. (Revised June 2016.)
- Research Summary
Corporate Lobbying Strategy and Foreign MNEs
“U.S. Defense Contracts and the Lobbying Strategies of Foreign MNEs: The Liability of Foreignness and Make-or-Buy Decisions about Political Goods”
Many firms engage in lobbying with the expectation that their lobbying efforts will... View Details
- 2022
- Chapter
Crises and International Business
By: Geoffrey Jones
This chapter uses the intellectual journey of the author to suggest that crises have been the norm rather than the exception in the history of international business. Over the last 100 years world wars, regional conflicts, the Great Depression, and decolonization are... View Details
Keywords: Crisis; Multinational Companies; International Business; Emerging Market; Business History; Multinational Firms and Management; System Shocks; War; Emerging Markets; Crisis Management
Jones, Geoffrey. "Crises and International Business." Chap. 2 in International Business in Times of Crisis. Vol. 16, edited by Rob van Tulder, Alain Verbeke, Lucia Piscitello, and Jonas Puck, 27–32. Progress in International Business Research. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022.
- February 2016
- Supplement
The Maggi Noodle Safety Crisis in India (C)
By: Karthik Ramanna and Radhika Kak
The local government in Delhi has ordered a ban on Nestlé's flagship product in India—Maggi Noodles, citing excessive lead content per government lab tests. Nestlé disputes the government tests, noting that internal and third-party tests show the product to be safe.... View Details
Keywords: Multinationals; Globalization; Regulation; Customer Relations; Business And Government; Safety; Leadership; Food; Multinational Firms and Management; Governance Compliance; Crisis Management; Customer Focus and Relationships; Business and Government Relations; Food and Beverage Industry; Delhi
Ramanna, Karthik, and Radhika Kak. "The Maggi Noodle Safety Crisis in India (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 116-038, February 2016.
- Article
Multinationale et fermetures de filiales : les conséquences sociales et politiques de décisions économiques
By: Sabine Pitteloud and Leo Grob
À travers l’analyse détaillée de deux cas de fermeture de filiale dans les années 1970, cet article s’intéresse aux conséquences sociales et politiques multiples des décisions de désinvestissement des sociétés multinationales. La première étude de cas porte sur la... View Details
Keywords: Multinationals; Labor Relations; Corporate Citizenship; Business ＆ Government Relations; Disinvestment; Multinational Firms and Management; Business and Government Relations; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Pitteloud, Sabine, and Leo Grob. "Multinationale et fermetures de filiales : les conséquences sociales et politiques de décisions économiques." Entreprises et histoire 2019/4, no. 97 (2019).