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- All HBS Web
(3,248)
- People (2)
- News (505)
- Research (2,339)
- Events (8)
- Multimedia (32)
- Faculty Publications (1,899)
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- September 2009
- Article
Labor Market Institutions and Global Strategic Adaptation: Evidence from Lincoln Electric
By: Jordan I. Siegel and Barbara Zepp Larson
Although one of the central questions in the global strategy field is how multinational firms successfully navigate multiple and often conflicting institutional environments, we know relatively little about the effect of conflicting labor market institutions on... View Details
Keywords: Institutions; Labor Market; Complementarity; Global Strategy; Multinational Firms and Management; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Labor Unions; Laws and Statutes; Operations; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Manufacturing Industry
Siegel, Jordan I., and Barbara Zepp Larson. "Labor Market Institutions and Global Strategic Adaptation: Evidence from Lincoln Electric." Management Science 55, no. 9 (September 2009): 1527–1546. (Although one of the central questions in the global strategy field is how multinational firms successfully navigate multiple and often conflicting institutional environments, we know relatively little about the effect of conflicting labor market institutions on multinational firms' strategic choice and operating performance. With its decision to invest in manufacturing operations in nearly every one of the world's largest welding
markets, Lincoln Electric offers us a quasi-experiment. We leverage a unique data set covering 1996–2006 that combines data on each host country's labor market institutions with data on each subsidiary's strategic choices and historical operating performance. We find that Lincoln Electric performed significantly better in countries with labor laws and regulations supporting manufacturers' interests and in countries that allowed the free
use of both piecework and a discretionary bonus. Furthermore, we find that in countries with labor market institutions unfriendly to manufacturers, Lincoln Electric was still able to overcome most (although not all) of the institutional distance by what we term flexible intermediate adaptation.)
- September 2006 (Revised January 2008)
- Case
Providian Financial Corporation
By: John R. Wells
On October 3, 2005, Washington Mutual acquired Providian Financial Corporation, the ninth-largest credit card issuer in the U.S., for $6.5 billion. At the time, Providian had approximately 10 million customer relationships and a balance of $18.6 billion. For some... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Restructuring; Customer Relationship Management; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Credit Cards; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Financial Services Industry; United States
Wells, John R. "Providian Financial Corporation." Harvard Business School Case 707-446, September 2006. (Revised January 2008.)
- September 2024 (Revised March 2025)
- Case
Epic: The Future of Health Information Technology
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Brian L. Walker
How should the founder and leadership team of a health IT company with more than 45 years of market leadership prepare for the future, while navigating founder transitions and industry changes? Founded by Judy Faulkner in the late 1970s, Epic pioneered electronic... View Details
Keywords: Technological Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Health Care and Treatment; Private Ownership; Customer Focus and Relationships; Information Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Strategy; Competition; Health Industry; Electronics Industry; Information Technology Industry
Herzlinger, Regina E., and Brian L. Walker. "Epic: The Future of Health Information Technology." Harvard Business School Case 325-028, September 2024. (Revised March 2025.)
- November 1998 (Revised July 1999)
- Case
Merrill Lynch's Acquisition of Mercury Asset Management
By: Andre F. Perold, Imran Ahmed and Randolph B Altschuler
In the Spring of 1998, Merrill Lynch faced an array of challenges and opportunities related to its global asset management business. The firm had recently completed its $5.3 billion cash acquisition of U.K.-based Mercury Asset Management, a transaction that made it one... View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Asset Management; Currency; Financial Strategy; Global Strategy; Brands and Branding; Distribution; Production; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Retirement; Japan; Europe; United Kingdom
Perold, Andre F., Imran Ahmed, and Randolph B Altschuler. "Merrill Lynch's Acquisition of Mercury Asset Management." Harvard Business School Case 299-005, November 1998. (Revised July 1999.)
- October 2005 (Revised February 2006)
- Case
Reactivity: A Case of Re-Invention
By: Myra M. Hart and Sylvia Sensiper
By the time Glenn Osaka joined Reactivity as its new CEO in January 2001, the Internet bubble had burst, the financial markets had turned, and the company's core businesses were drying up. He was not hired to lead a turnaround, but Osaka found that the firm's future... View Details
- January 2011 (Revised November 2015)
- Case
The National Geographic Society (A)
By: David A. Garvin and Carin-Isabel Knoop
In January 2010, John Fahey, president, CEO, and chairman of the board of trustees' executive committee of the Washington, D.C.-based National Geographic Society (NGS), must decide how best to organize the 121-year old mission-driven organization for a world of... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Information Publishing; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Growth and Development Strategy; Managerial Roles; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Organizational Structure; Internet; Publishing Industry
Garvin, David A., and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "The National Geographic Society (A)." Harvard Business School Case 311-002, January 2011. (Revised November 2015.)
- February 2010 (Revised March 2013)
- Case
Zynga (A)
By: Mikolaj Jan Piskorski and David Chen
In January 2010 Mark Pincus is deciding how to double the number of Zynga games' players to 500 million without sacrificing profitability. These ambitious growth plans required changes to product, corporate strategy, and customer acquisition and retention. With regard... View Details
Keywords: Customer Focus and Relationships; Decision Choices and Conditions; Growth and Development Strategy; Distribution Channels; Product Development; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Corporate Strategy; Video Game Industry
Piskorski, Mikolaj Jan, and David Chen. "Zynga (A)." Harvard Business School Case 710-464, February 2010. (Revised March 2013.)
- March 2009 (Revised December 2009)
- Case
Relational Investors and Home Depot (A)
By: Jay W. Lorsch and Kaitlyn Simpson
In 2006, amidst shareholder upset over CEO Robert Nardelli's compensation and Home Depot's declining stock price, Relational Investors decided to further investigate the situation. As experts in turning around underperforming and undervalued companies, Relational's... View Details
Keywords: Restructuring; Financial Management; Investment; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Ownership Stake; Business and Shareholder Relations; Corporate Strategy
Lorsch, Jay W., and Kaitlyn Simpson. "Relational Investors and Home Depot (A)." Harvard Business School Case 409-076, March 2009. (Revised December 2009.)
- October 2008 (Revised September 2009)
- Supplement
Procter & Gamble in the 21st Century (C): Integrating Gillette
By: Rosabeth M. Kanter and Matthew Bird
P&G had used its purpose, values, and principles (PVP) to prepare for the physical integration of Gillette prior to the change of control. The execution of these plans posed numerous challenges in global business units as well as in individual country organizations.... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Change Management; Globalized Firms and Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Conflict and Resolution; Business Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Integration
Kanter, Rosabeth M., and Matthew Bird. "Procter & Gamble in the 21st Century (C): Integrating Gillette." Harvard Business School Supplement 309-032, October 2008. (Revised September 2009.)
- September 1989 (Revised July 1991)
- Case
Caterpillar, Inc.: George Schaefer Takes Charge
For over half a century, Caterpillar, Inc. (CAT) had been a world leader in the manufacture of earthmoving and construction machinery. In 1982, just months after it recorded the highest sales and profits in its history, CAT experienced its greatest crisis. Demand fell... View Details
Keywords: Machinery and Machining; Crisis Management; Labor Unions; Demand and Consumers; Management Teams; Problems and Challenges; Competitive Strategy; Business Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Manufacturing Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Industrial Products Industry
Bartlett, Christopher A. "Caterpillar, Inc.: George Schaefer Takes Charge." Harvard Business School Case 390-036, September 1989. (Revised July 1991.)
- February 2025
- Supplement
Moleskine: Daniela Riccardi Turns the Page
By: Ryan Raffaelli
Newly appointed CEO Daniela Riccardi needed to develop and present an action plan to the board of the company that owned Moleskine. Riccardi was hired because Moleskine had recently overextended its reach and needed more focus and discipline. Having previously served... View Details
Keywords: Brands and Branding; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Distribution Channels; Planning; Leading Change; Organizational Culture; Product Marketing; Retail Industry; Italy
Raffaelli, Ryan. "Moleskine: Daniela Riccardi Turns the Page." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 425-715, February 2025.
- November 2014
- Teaching Note
American Airlines in 2011
By: Willy Shih
The American Airlines in 2011 case set was developed to provide a setting for the comparative analysis of two very different business models in the U.S. domestic airline industry—the network carrier and the low cost carrier (LCC). These models offer very different... View Details
- October 2013 (Revised December 2013)
- Case
Intuit QuickBooks: From Product to Platform
By: Andrei Hagiu and Elizabeth J. Altman
This case focuses on the challenges and opportunities faced by a successful incumbent organization attempting to transform a large portion of its business from a traditionally product-centric operating mode to a platform-based one that leverages network effects to... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Digital Platforms; Competitive Advantage; Network Effects; Consumer Products Industry
Hagiu, Andrei, and Elizabeth J. Altman. "Intuit QuickBooks: From Product to Platform." Harvard Business School Case 714-433, October 2013. (Revised December 2013.)
- April 2011
- Article
The Emotional Impact and Behavioral Consequences of Post-M&A Integration: An Ethnographic Case Study in the Software Industry
By: David Ager
This ethnographic case study has focused in depth on one type of acquisition, that of two small, young firms (each with less than 2,000 employees and less than ten years in operation) acquired by one company in the software development industry based in the United... View Details
Keywords: Integration; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Behavior; Groups and Teams; Mergers and Acquisitions; Emotions
Ager, David. "The Emotional Impact and Behavioral Consequences of Post-M&A Integration: An Ethnographic Case Study in the Software Industry." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 40, no. 2 (April 2011): 199–230.
- June 2012
- Case
Perfect Storm over Zurich Airport (A) (Abridged)
By: Michael L. Tushman and Carin-Isabel Knoop
Josef Felder, CEO of Zurich Airport, faces several crises as he tries to transform the Airport from a slow-moving, conflict-ridden, government-owned entity into a privatized, world-class airport. View Details
Keywords: Change Management; Transformation; Leading Change; Crisis Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; State Ownership; Privatization; Air Transportation Industry
Tushman, Michael L., and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Perfect Storm over Zurich Airport (A) (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 412-145, June 2012.
- January 2011
- Supplement
Vodafone in Japan (C)
By: Juan Alcacer, Mary Furey and Mayuka Yamazaki
An update to Vodafone cases A and B, describing Softbank's acquisition of Vodafone and its performance in Japan. View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Knowledge Acquisition; Performance; Motivation and Incentives; Adaptation; Diversification; Expansion; Telecommunications Industry; Japan
Alcacer, Juan, Mary Furey, and Mayuka Yamazaki. "Vodafone in Japan (C)." Harvard Business School Supplement 711-470, January 2011.
- November 2005 (Revised December 2006)
- Case
Jeanette Clough at Mount Auburn Hospital
Jeanette Clough, the CEO of Mt. Auburn Hospital, successfully leads a turnaround for the struggling local hospital. When she assumed leadership of Mt. Auburn in 1998, the hospital had recently suffered a $10 million loss. During her first six months, several members of... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Change Management; Leading Change; Expansion; Health Care and Treatment; Business and Community Relations; Health Industry; Cambridge
Roberts, Laura Morgan, and Ayesha Kanji. "Jeanette Clough at Mount Auburn Hospital." Harvard Business School Case 406-068, November 2005. (Revised December 2006.)
- November 2003 (Revised February 2011)
- Case
Sanford C. Bernstein: The Fork in the Road (A)
By: Boris Groysberg and Anahita Hashemi
Soon after the death of the firm's legendary founder, the individuals then serving as chairman and as president--Lewis A. Sanders and Roger Hertog, respectively--talked about the future of their firm. Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., a private investment firm, had grown... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Culture; Performance Expectations; Competitive Advantage; Valuation
Groysberg, Boris, and Anahita Hashemi. "Sanford C. Bernstein: The Fork in the Road (A)." Harvard Business School Case 404-001, November 2003. (Revised February 2011.)
- February 2001 (Revised April 2001)
- Case
Merrill Lynch: Integrated Choice (Abridged)
By: F. Warren McFarlan and James Weber
Merrill Lynch, a full-service brokerage firm with $1.5 trillion in client assets, is under attack from both discount and electronic brokerage firms. It responds with Integrated Choice, a suite of products designed to capture clients, from the do-it-yourself investor... View Details
Keywords: Investment Banking; Marketing Strategy; Distribution Channels; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Risk and Uncertainty; Financial Services Industry
McFarlan, F. Warren, and James Weber. "Merrill Lynch: Integrated Choice (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 301-081, February 2001. (Revised April 2001.)
- April 2000 (Revised November 2003)
- Case
H. E. Butt Grocery Company: The New Digital Strategy (A)
By: F. Warren McFarlan and Melissa Dailey
Shows how the company's IT priorities have moved from primary supply chain restructuring to e-commerce. Shows the new organization structure created by the company. View Details
Keywords: Internet and the Web; Organizational Structure; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Supply Chain; Technology Adoption; Information Technology; Retail Industry
McFarlan, F. Warren, and Melissa Dailey. "H. E. Butt Grocery Company: The New Digital Strategy (A)." Harvard Business School Case 300-106, April 2000. (Revised November 2003.)