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      • July 2008
      • Article

      Crime and Punishment in the 'American Dream'

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Juan Dubra
      We observe that countries where belief in the "American dream" (i.e., effort pays) prevails also set harsher punishment for criminals. We know that beliefs are also correlated with several features of the economic system (taxation, social insurance, etc). Our objective... View Details
      Keywords: Crime and Corruption; Economic Systems; Values and Beliefs; Law Enforcement; Mathematical Methods; Personal Characteristics; United States
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Juan Dubra. "Crime and Punishment in the 'American Dream'." Journal of Public Economics 92, no. 7 (July 2008).
      • June 2008
      • Article

      'Thar' She Blows: Can Bubbles Be Rekindled with Experienced Subjects?

      By: Reshmaan Hussam, David Porter and Vernon Smith
      We report 28 new experiment sessions consisting of up to three experience levels to examine the robustness of learning and “error” elimination among participants in a laboratory asset market and its effect on price bubbles. Our answer to the title question is: “yes.”... View Details
      Keywords: Experimental Economics; Asset Markets; Bubbles; Price Bubble; Financial Markets
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      Hussam, Reshmaan, David Porter, and Vernon Smith. "'Thar' She Blows: Can Bubbles Be Rekindled with Experienced Subjects?" American Economic Review 98, no. 3 (June 2008): 924–937.
      • April 2008 (Revised December 2008)
      • Case

      Leveraged Loans 2007

      By: Andre F. Perold and Erik Stafford
      The leveraged loan market was in a crisis during the summer of 2007, following many years of low realized volatility (less than 4% per annum), an index of leveraged loans had fallen over 5% in the month of July. A sudden drop in capital market prices for an asset class... View Details
      Keywords: History; Financial Liquidity; Investment; Financial Crisis; Market Transactions; Disruption; Decision Choices and Conditions; Competitive Strategy; Capital Markets; Crisis Management; Commercial Banking; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry
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      Perold, Andre F., and Erik Stafford. "Leveraged Loans 2007." Harvard Business School Case 208-145, April 2008. (Revised December 2008.)
      • May 2008
      • Article

      Excess Comovement of Stock Returns: Evidence from Cross-sectional Variation in Nikkei 225 Weights

      By: Robin Greenwood
      In the presence of limits to arbitrage, cross-sectional variation in periodic investor demand should be related to the degree of comovement of returns. I exploit the unusual weighting system of the Nikkei 225 index in Japan to identify cross-sectional variation in... View Details
      Keywords: Stocks; Investment; Investment Return; Market Transactions; Weight; Performance Expectations; Behavior; Japan
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      Greenwood, Robin. "Excess Comovement of Stock Returns: Evidence from Cross-sectional Variation in Nikkei 225 Weights." Review of Financial Studies 21, no. 3 (May 2008): 1153–1186.
      • December 2007 (Revised September 2009)
      • Case

      Wall Street's First Panic (A)

      By: David A. Moss and Cole Bolton
      In the early 1790s, a flood of newly issued public and private securities sparked an investment boom in the nascent United States. In New York, the bustling commercial district along Wall Street emerged as the center of the city's securities trade. One of the many... View Details
      Keywords: History; Financial Instruments; Auctions; Financial Crisis; Business and Government Relations; Financial Services Industry
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      Moss, David A., and Cole Bolton. "Wall Street's First Panic (A)." Harvard Business School Case 708-002, December 2007. (Revised September 2009.)
      • December 2006
      • Article

      Europe vs America: Institutional Hysteresis in a Simple Normative Model

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We show how the differences in US and European institutions can arise in a normative model. The paper focuses on the labor market and the government's decision to set unemployment benefits in response to an unemployment shock. The government balances insurance... View Details
      Keywords: Optimal Unemployment Benefits; Labor Market Institutions; Hysteresis; Europe; United States
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Europe vs America: Institutional Hysteresis in a Simple Normative Model." Journal of Public Economics 90, no. 12 (December 2006): 2161–86.
      • November 2006
      • Case

      Organics: Coming Center Stage?

      By: James E. Austin and Reed Martin
      The organics movement has certainly come a long way. From hippie farming communes and a scattering of natural food stores in the 1960s, organics outgrew its origins as a counterculture curiosity of the 1970s to become the fastest growing segment of the food industry in... View Details
      Keywords: Food; Supply and Industry; Consumer Behavior; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; United States
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      Austin, James E., and Reed Martin. "Organics: Coming Center Stage?" Harvard Business School Case 907-405, November 2006.
      • March 2005
      • Article

      Short- and Long-term Demand Curves for Stocks: Theory and Evidence on the Dynamics of Arbitrage

      By: Robin Greenwood
      I develop a framework to analyze demand curves for multiple risky securities at extended horizons in a setting with limits-to-arbitrage. Following an unexpected change in uninformed investor demand for several assets, I predict returns of each security to be... View Details
      Keywords: Limits To Arbitrage; Event Studies; Demand Curves; Portfolio Choice; Framework; Demand and Consumers; Change; Risk and Uncertainty; Debt Securities; Forecasting and Prediction; Stocks; Assets; Investment Portfolio; System Shocks; Price; Japan
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      Greenwood, Robin. "Short- and Long-term Demand Curves for Stocks: Theory and Evidence on the Dynamics of Arbitrage." Journal of Financial Economics 75, no. 3 (March 2005): 607–649.
      • 2005
      • Working Paper

      Nominal versus Indexed Debt: A Quantitative Horse Race

      By: Laura Alfaro and Fabio Kanczuk
      The main arguments in favor of and against nominal and indexed debt are the incentive to default through inflation versus hedging against unforeseen shocks. We model and calibrate these arguments to assess their quantitative importance. We use a dynamic equilibrium... View Details
      Keywords: Borrowing and Debt; Taxation; Risk and Uncertainty; Inflation and Deflation; System Shocks; Developing Countries and Economies; Mathematical Methods
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. "Nominal versus Indexed Debt: A Quantitative Horse Race." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 05-053, January 2005. (Revised March 2010. Also NBER Working Paper No. 13131.)
      • 1999
      • Working Paper

      Unemployment Shocks and Endogenous Labor Market Institutions

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Unemployment Shocks and Endogenous Labor Market Institutions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 00-035, November 1999.
      • October 1999 (Revised June 2000)
      • Supplement

      Shock Therapy in Eastern Europe: Supplement

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Rebecca Evans
      Supplements Shock Therapy in Eastern Europe: The Polish and Czechoslovakia Economic Reforms. Designed as an in-class handout. View Details
      Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Macroeconomics; Slovakia; Czech Republic; Poland
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      Vietor, Richard H.K., and Rebecca Evans. "Shock Therapy in Eastern Europe: Supplement." Harvard Business School Supplement 700-054, October 1999. (Revised June 2000.)
      • April 1999
      • Article

      Diversification Strategies of British Trading Companies: Harrisons & Crosfield c1900-c1980

      By: G. Jones and Judith Wale
      This article examines the diversification strategies and organisational competencies of Harrisons & Crosfield, a British-based multinational, between 1900 and 1980. There is an accumulating body of case study evidence on the historical evolution of British... View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Diversification; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Competency and Skills; Great Britain
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      Jones, G., and Judith Wale. "Diversification Strategies of British Trading Companies: Harrisons & Crosfield c1900-c1980." Business History 41, no. 2 (April 1999): 69–101.
      • February 1999
      • Article

      The Persistence of Shocks to Profitability

      By: Anita M. McGahan and Michael E. Porter
      In this study, we use data for 1981 through 1994 on a large sample of U.S. companies to examine the persistence of incremental industry, corporate-parent, and business-specific effects on profitability. Our results indicate that the incremental effects of industry on... View Details
      Keywords: Profit; System Shocks; Strategy
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      McGahan, Anita M., and Michael E. Porter. "The Persistence of Shocks to Profitability." Review of Economics and Statistics 81, no. 1 (February 1999): 143–153.
      • 1998
      • Chapter

      Competitive Policy Shocks and Strategic Management

      By: P. Ghemawat, R. E. Kennedy and Tarun Khanna
      Keywords: Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; System Shocks; Globalization
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      Ghemawat, P., R. E. Kennedy, and Tarun Khanna. "Competitive Policy Shocks and Strategic Management." In Managing Strategically in an Interconnected World, edited by Michael A. Hitt, Joan E. Ricart i Costa, and Robert D. Nixon. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
      • November 1997
      • Case

      Odwalla, Inc.

      By: Ray A. Goldberg and Tom Clay
      Odwalla suffered one of the worst food safety crises in history and not only survived but continued to grow. Now they need to decide how the crisis affected their business and how to expand their business. View Details
      Keywords: Growth and Development; Crisis Management; Safety; Expansion; System Shocks; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Goldberg, Ray A., and Tom Clay. "Odwalla, Inc." Harvard Business School Case 598-047, November 1997.
      • 1997
      • Working Paper

      The Persistence of Shocks to Profitability: Comparing the Market-Structure and Chicago Views

      By: Anita M. McGahan and Michael E. Porter
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      McGahan, Anita M., and Michael E. Porter. "The Persistence of Shocks to Profitability: Comparing the Market-Structure and Chicago Views." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 97-102, June 1997.
      • November 1995 (Revised February 1996)
      • Case

      Monsanto Company: The Coming of Age of Bio-Technology

      By: Ray A. Goldberg and Thomas N. Urban Jr
      Monsanto has one product, Roundup, accounting for 30% of company net income and is going off patent. How should the company position itself and its products in the future? View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Product Positioning; Strategic Planning; System Shocks; Biotechnology Industry
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      Goldberg, Ray A., and Thomas N. Urban Jr. "Monsanto Company: The Coming of Age of Bio-Technology." Harvard Business School Case 596-034, November 1995. (Revised February 1996.)
      • 1995
      • Chapter

      Reality Shock

      By: L. Hill
      Keywords: System Shocks
      Citation
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      Hill, L. "Reality Shock." In The Blackwell Encyclopedic Dictionary of Organizational Behavior, edited by Nigel Nicholson. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1995.
      • September 1992 (Revised March 1998)
      • Case

      Japan Confronts an Interdependent World

      By: George C. Lodge
      Traces the evolution of Japan's economic strategy from 1972 to 1992. Describes the collapse of the Japanese stock market in the spring of 1992, raising the question: Is this the end of Japan's miraculous growth? To help students consider that question, the case... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Financial Markets; Information Technology; System Shocks; Borrowing and Debt; Financial Crisis; Government and Politics; Growth and Development; Situation or Environment; Japan; United States
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      Lodge, George C. "Japan Confronts an Interdependent World." Harvard Business School Case 793-034, September 1992. (Revised March 1998.)
      • December 1989
      • Article

      On the Consistency of Short-Run and Long-Run Exchange Rate Expectations

      By: K. A. Froot and T. Ito
      This paper examines whether short-term exchange rate expectations 'overreact' by comparing them with long-term expectations. We develop a set of nonlinear restrictions linking expectations at different forecast horizons. The restrictions impose consistency, a property... View Details
      Keywords: Currencies; Exchange Rates; International Macroeconomics; Monetary Policy; Currency Controls; Fixed Exchange Rates; Floating Exchange Rates; Currency Bands; Currency Zones; Currency Areas; Rational Expectations; Asset Pricing
      Citation
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      Froot, K. A., and T. Ito. "On the Consistency of Short-Run and Long-Run Exchange Rate Expectations." Journal of International Money and Finance 8, no. 4 (December 1989): 487–510. (Revised from NBER Working Paper No. 2577, May 1988.)
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