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    • All HBS Web  (3,032)
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      • January 2014
      • Supplement

      Ford Asia Pacific & Africa: The E-coating Facility Decision in Gujarat, India (B)

      By: Juan Alcacer and Nancy Hua Dai
      The case reveals that Ford decided to open its own e-coating plant in Gujarat, India, and details how the decision was made at different organizational levels. View Details
      Keywords: Foreign Investment; Organizational Alignment; Strategic Decision Making; Motivation and Incentives; Communication; Organizational Structure; Decision Making; Business Processes; Foreign Direct Investment; Manufacturing Industry; Auto Industry; Gujarat
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Nancy Hua Dai. "Ford Asia Pacific & Africa: The E-coating Facility Decision in Gujarat, India (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 914-015, January 2014.
      • January 5, 2014
      • Article

      Seven Things You Need to Know about CEO Lou Shipley

      By: Lou Shipley and Michael B. Farrell
      Globe reporter Michael B. Farrell recently spoke with Lou Shipley, the newly appointed chief executive of Black Duck Software Inc., a growing Burlington open source software company. Here's what he found out. View Details
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      "Seven Things You Need to Know about CEO Lou Shipley." Boston Globe (January 5, 2014).
      • 5 Nov 2013
      • Conference Presentation

      The Principles Behind Open Source Business Models

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "The Principles Behind Open Source Business Models." Paper presented at the Innovation Lab, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA, November 5, 2013.
      • September 2013 (Revised June 2017)
      • Case

      IBM and the Reinvention of High School (A): Proving the P-TECH Concept

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone
      IBM's Corporate Citizenship office created a social and organizational innovation in public education through a business-school partnership. IBM's Stanley Litow was the key architect in designing Pathways in Technology Early College High School, known as P-TECH. The... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Partnerships; Leadership; Partners and Partnerships; Education; Business and Community Relations; Change; Innovation and Invention; Education Industry
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone. "IBM and the Reinvention of High School (A): Proving the P-TECH Concept." Harvard Business School Case 314-049, September 2013. (Revised June 2017.)
      • September 2013 (Revised June 2017)
      • Supplement

      IBM and the Reinvention of High School (B): Replicating & Scaling P-TECH and Partners

      By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone
      IBM's Corporate Citizenship office created an innovation in public education through a business-school partnership for widespread replication and diffusion. In 2012, while P-TECH (Pathways in Technology Early College High School) was still in its first year operating,... View Details
      Keywords: Social Enterprise; Partnerships; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Leadership; Partners and Partnerships; Social Entrepreneurship; Education; Business and Community Relations; Innovation and Invention; Growth Management; Chicago; Idaho
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      Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Ai-Ling Jamila Malone. "IBM and the Reinvention of High School (B): Replicating & Scaling P-TECH and Partners." Harvard Business School Supplement 314-050, September 2013. (Revised June 2017.)
      • Article

      Contagion of Cooperation in Static and Fluid Social Networks

      By: Jillian J. Jordan, David G. Rand, Samuel Arbesman, James H. Fowler and Nicholas A. Christakis
      Cooperation is essential for successful human societies. Thus, understanding how cooperative and selfish behaviors spread from person to person is a topic of theoretical and practical importance. Previous laboratory experiments provide clear evidence of social... View Details
      Keywords: Social Contagion; Social Networks; Cooperation; Behavior; Social Media
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      Jordan, Jillian J., David G. Rand, Samuel Arbesman, James H. Fowler, and Nicholas A. Christakis. "Contagion of Cooperation in Static and Fluid Social Networks." PLoS ONE 8, no. 6 (June 2013).
      • January 2013 (Revised April 2015)
      • Case

      Affinity Labs: Valuing Customer Growth

      By: Joseph B. Lassiter III and Elizabeth Kind
      In November 2006, Chris Michel left Military.com, which he founded in 1999, to start Affinity Labs, a global network of online communities. That month, Michel raised a Series A round of venture funding and established a partnership with Monster, which he had sold... View Details
      Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Demand and Consumers; Partners and Partnerships; Social and Collaborative Networks; Online Technology
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      Lassiter, Joseph B., III, and Elizabeth Kind. "Affinity Labs: Valuing Customer Growth." Harvard Business School Case 813-147, January 2013. (Revised April 2015.)
      • October 2012 (Revised February 2014)
      • Case

      Keystone XL Pipeline

      By: Richard H. K. Vietor
      On January 18, 2012, President Obama rejected TransCanada's application for a "national interest" determination to approve construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline. Keystone XL was a 1,700 mile long, 36-inch diameter pipeline to transport 1.1 million barrels a day of... View Details
      Keywords: Energy; Petroleum; Environmentalism; United States; Oil Prices; National Security; Environmental Sustainability; Energy Sources; Energy Industry; Canada; United States
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      Vietor, Richard H. K. "Keystone XL Pipeline." Harvard Business School Case 713-039, October 2012. (Revised February 2014.)
      • Article

      Exploring the Duality Between Product and Organizational Architectures: A Test of the 'Mirroring' Hypothesis

      By: Alan MacCormack, Carliss Y. Baldwin and John Rusnak
      A variety of academic studies argue that a relationship exists between the structure of an organization and the design of the products that the organization produces. Specifically, products tend to "mirror" the architectures of the organizations in which they are... View Details
      Keywords: Organization Design; Architecture; Modularity; Open Source Software; Communication; Design; Governance; Management Practices and Processes; Open Source Distribution; Product Design; Mission and Purpose; Organizational Structure; Performance; Problems and Challenges; Behavior; Software
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      MacCormack, Alan, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and John Rusnak. "Exploring the Duality Between Product and Organizational Architectures: A Test of the 'Mirroring' Hypothesis." Research Policy 41, no. 8 (October 2012): 1309–1324.
      • 2012
      • Working Paper

      IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property

      By: Joachim Henkel, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Willy C. Shih
      In this paper we explain how firms seeking to take advantage of distributed innovation and outsourcing can bridge the tension between value creation and value capture by modifying the modular structure of their technical systems. Specifically, we introduce the concept... View Details
      Keywords: Modularity; Value Appropriation; Distributed Innovation; Open Innovation; Strategy; Open Source Distribution; Value; Complexity; Intellectual Property
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      Henkel, Joachim, Carliss Y. Baldwin, and Willy C. Shih. "IP Modularity: Profiting from Innovation by Aligning Product Architecture with Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 13-012, August 2012. (Revised November 2012.)
      • July 2012 (Revised August 2012)
      • Case

      Friend Bank: The Time for Hope (Abridged)

      By: Clayton Rose and Aldo Sesia
      In 2010, Friend Bank was entering the fifth year of Hope Harris Johnson's ambitious 20-year growth plan to transform her family's one-branch community bank into an institution with a substantial presence in southeastern Alabama. Harris Johnson was pleased, so far, with... View Details
      Keywords: Banking; Family Business; Strategy And Execution; Banks and Banking; Family Ownership; Financial Institutions; Strategy; Banking Industry; United States; Alabama
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      Rose, Clayton, and Aldo Sesia. "Friend Bank: The Time for Hope (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 313-010, July 2012. (Revised August 2012.)
      • 2012
      • Chapter

      IP Modularity in Software Ecosystems: How SugarCRM's IP and Business Model Shape Its Product Architecture

      By: Josef Waltl, Joachim Henkel and Carliss Y. Baldwin
      Keywords: Business Model; Digital Platforms; Open Source Distribution; Complexity; Applications and Software; Intellectual Property
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      Waltl, Josef, Joachim Henkel, and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "IP Modularity in Software Ecosystems: How SugarCRM's IP and Business Model Shape Its Product Architecture." In Software Business: Proceedings of the Third International Conference, ICSOB 2012, by M. A. Cusumano, B. Iyer, and N. Venkatraman, 94–106. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2012.
      • 2012
      • Article

      Open Innovation and Organization Design

      By: Michael Tushman, Karim Lakhani and Hila Lifshitz - Assaf
      This paper calls the organization design community to reconcile the divergent scholarly perspectives on the relationship between firm boundaries and the locus of innovation by moving beyond debates between open vs. closed boundaries and instead embracing the notion of... View Details
      Keywords: Organization Design; Open Innovation; Innovation; Locus Of Innovation; Organizational Boundaries; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Innovation and Invention; Alliances; Vertical Integration; Boundaries
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      Tushman, Michael, Karim Lakhani, and Hila Lifshitz - Assaf. "Open Innovation and Organization Design." Special Issue on The Future of Organization Design. Journal of Organization Design 1, no. 1 (2012): 24–27. (SSRN's top ten download list for: Organizational Structural Designs, Innovation & Product Development.)
      • June 2012
      • Article

      Managing Risks: A New Framework

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Anette Mikes
      Risk management is too often treated as a compliance issue that can be solved by drawing up lots of rules and making sure that all employees follow them. Many such rules, of course, are sensible and do reduce some risks that could severely damage a company. But... View Details
      Keywords: Risk Management; Governance Controls; Corporate Strategy; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Framework
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Anette Mikes. "Managing Risks: A New Framework." Harvard Business Review 90, no. 6 (June 2012).
      • April 2012 (Revised February 2017)
      • Case

      Dovernet

      By: Robert Simons and Natalie Kindred
      This case illustrates the implications of using stringent performance measurement systems to create performance pressure, motivate employee achievement, and sharpen a firm's competitiveness. It opens by describing the downsides of the ruthlessly competitive culture at... View Details
      Keywords: Motivation and Incentives; Information Technology; Competitive Advantage; Decision Choices and Conditions; Organizational Culture; Performance Evaluation; Compensation and Benefits; Web Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Vancouver
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      Simons, Robert, and Natalie Kindred. "Dovernet." Harvard Business School Case 112-061, April 2012. (Revised February 2017.)
      • January 2012 (Revised September 2015)
      • Case

      Tough Decisions at Marks and Spencer

      By: George Serafeim
      In 2007, under the leadership of CEO Stuart Rose, the iconic British retailer Marks and Spencer, with great fanfare, announced its "Plan A" initiative. Based on the five essential pillars of climate change, waste, sustainable materials, fair partnership, and health,... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Corporate Strategy; Retail Industry
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      Eccles, Robert G., George Serafeim, and Kyle Armbrester. "Tough Decisions at Marks and Spencer." Harvard Business School Case 112-062, January 2012. (Revised September 2015.)
      • 2012
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Joachim Henkel
      Modularity is a means of partitioning technical knowledge about a product or process. When state-sanctioned intellectual property rights are ineffective or costly to enforce, modularity can be used to hide information and thus protect intellectual property (IP). We... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Open Source Distribution; Value; Complexity; Intellectual Property
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Joachim Henkel. "The Impact of Modularity on Intellectual Property and Value Appropriation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12-040, December 2011. (Revised November 2012.)
      • November – December 2011
      • Article

      Modeling a Paradigm Shift: From Producer Innovation to User and Open Collaborative Innovation

      By: Carliss Baldwin and Eric von Hippel
      In this paper, we assess the economic viability of innovation by producers relative to two increasingly important alternative models: innovations by single-user individuals or firms and open collaborative innovation. We analyze the design costs and architectures and... View Details
      Keywords: Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Design; Cost; Communication; Competition; Economy; Research; Policy; Practice
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      Baldwin, Carliss, and Eric von Hippel. "Modeling a Paradigm Shift: From Producer Innovation to User and Open Collaborative Innovation." Organization Science 22, no. 6 (November–December 2011): 1399–1417.
      • August 2011
      • Supplement

      InnoCentive.com (B)

      By: Karim R. Lakhani and Eric Lonstein
      InnoCentive.com enables clients to tap into internal and external solver networks to address various business issues. In 2008, InnoCentive introduced "InnoCentive@Work" (lC@W), which recognized clients' reluctance to share problems and solutions with an external... View Details
      Keywords: Digital Platforms; Cost vs Benefits; Intellectual Property; Networks; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Product; Groups and Teams; Communication Technology
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      Lakhani, Karim R., and Eric Lonstein. "InnoCentive.com (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 612-026, August 2011.
      • July 2011
      • Article

      Kidney Paired Donation

      By: C. Bradley Wallis, Kannan P. Samy, Alvin E. Roth and Michael A. Rees
      Kidney paired donation (KPD) was first suggested in 1986, but it was not until 2000 when the first paired donation transplant was performed in the U.S. In the past decade, KPD has become the fastest growing source of transplantable kidneys, overcoming the barrier faced... View Details
      Keywords: Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Health Care and Treatment; Growth and Development Strategy; Success; Problems and Challenges; Programs; System; United States
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      Wallis, C. Bradley, Kannan P. Samy, Alvin E. Roth, and Michael A. Rees. "Kidney Paired Donation." Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation 26, no. 7 (July 2011): 2091–2099.
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