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      • Faculty Publications  (219)

      Individual DifferencesRemove Individual Differences →

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      • July – August 2011
      • Article

      The Enabling Role of Social Position in Diverging from the Institutional Status Quo: Evidence from the U.K. National Health Service

      By: Julie Battilana
      This study examines the relationship between social position, both within the field and within the organization, and the likelihood of individual actors initiating organizational changes that diverge from the institutional status quo. I explore this relationship using... View Details
      Keywords: Status and Position; Transformation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Projects; Leading Change; Managerial Roles; Relationships; Power and Influence; Health Industry; United Kingdom
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      Battilana, Julie. "The Enabling Role of Social Position in Diverging from the Institutional Status Quo: Evidence from the U.K. National Health Service." Organization Science 22, no. 4 (July–August 2011): 817–834.
      • Article

      Fluid Tasks and Fluid Teams: The Impact of Diversity in Experience and Team Familiarity on Team Performance

      By: Robert S. Huckman and Bradley R. Staats
      In this paper, we consider how the structures of tasks and teams interact to affect team performance. We study the effects of diversity in experience on a team's ability to respond to task changes by separately examining interpersonal team diversity (i.e., differences... View Details
      Keywords: Management; Groups and Teams; Performance; Problems and Challenges; Projects; Experience and Expertise; Change; Diversity; Information Technology Industry; India
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      Huckman, Robert S., and Bradley R. Staats. "Fluid Tasks and Fluid Teams: The Impact of Diversity in Experience and Team Familiarity on Team Performance." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 13, no. 3 (Summer 2011): 310–328.
      • June 2011 (Revised October 2012)
      • Case

      Patagonia Sur: For-Profit Land Conservation in Chile

      By: Arthur I Segel, Nicolas Ibanez and Jay Verjee
      Warren Adams founded Patagonia Sur in 2007 as one of the world's first for-profit land conservation businesses. His goal was to purchase over 100,000 acres of land in southern Chile and to run a variety of sustainable businesses to generate annual returns for... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Environmental Sustainability; Profit; Investment; For-Profit Firms; Entrepreneurship; Investment Return; Revenue; Risk and Uncertainty; Capital; SWOT Analysis; Real Estate Industry; Chile
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      Segel, Arthur I., Nicolas Ibanez, and Jay Verjee. "Patagonia Sur: For-Profit Land Conservation in Chile." Harvard Business School Case 211-103, June 2011. (Revised October 2012.)
      • May 2011
      • Article

      Overconfidence by Bayesian Rational Agents

      By: Eric J. Van den Steen
      This paper derives two mechanisms through which Bayesian-rational individuals with differing priors will tend to be relatively overconfident about their estimates and predictions, in the sense of overestimating the precision of these estimates. The intuition behind one... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Forecasting and Prediction; Knowledge Acquisition; Risk Management; Prejudice and Bias
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      Van den Steen, Eric J. "Overconfidence by Bayesian Rational Agents." Management Science 57, no. 5 (May 2011): 884–896.
      • Article

      Putting the 'Relationship' Back into CRM

      By: Susan Fournier and Jill Avery
      Many managers think that the way to capture value through relationship marketing is to focus on the 'good' customers and get rid of the 'bad' ones. But there is a lot more to best practice relationship management than maximizing revenues on individual customers and... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing; CRM; Customer Relationship Management; Brand Building; Brand Management; Customer Lifetime Value; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Satisfaction; Marketing Strategy; Brands and Branding; Consumer Products Industry
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      Fournier, Susan, and Jill Avery. "Putting the 'Relationship' Back into CRM." MIT Sloan Management Review 52, no. 3 (Spring 2011): 63–72.
      • 2011
      • Working Paper

      The Contingent Effect of Absorptive Capacity: An Open Innovation Analysis

      By: Andrew A. King and Karim R. Lakhani
      Technological advancement and innovation requires the integration of both external knowledge and internal inventiveness. In this paper, we unpack the concept of absorptive capacity and separately explore the effect of different types of prior experience on the capacity... View Details
      Keywords: Experience and Expertise; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Performance Capacity; Technology Adoption
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      King, Andrew A., and Karim R. Lakhani. "The Contingent Effect of Absorptive Capacity: An Open Innovation Analysis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-102, April 2011.
      • 2011
      • Working Paper

      What Do CEOs Do?

      By: Oriana Bandiera, Luigi Guiso, Andrea Prat and Raffaella Sadun
      We develop a methodology to collect and analyze data on CEOs' time use. The idea-sketched out in a simple theoretical set-up-is that CEO time is a scarce resource and its allocation can help us identify the firm's priorities as well as the presence of governance... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Governance; Employee Relationship Management; Managerial Roles; Time Management; Performance Productivity; Italy
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      Bandiera, Oriana, Luigi Guiso, Andrea Prat, and Raffaella Sadun. "What Do CEOs Do?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-081, February 2011. (Media: The Economist, May 5th 2011.)
      • 2011
      • Working Paper

      How Foundations Think: The Ford Foundation as a Dominating Institution in the Field of American Business Schools

      By: Rakesh Khurana, Kenneth Kimura and Marion Fourcade
      The question of institutional change has become central to organizational research (Powell, 2008). Recent scholarship has demonstrated, often through carefully researched cases, that institutions can and sometimes do change. According to this research, there are two... View Details
      Keywords: Change; Business Education; Business History; Organizations; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Structure; Relationships; Behavior
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      Khurana, Rakesh, Kenneth Kimura, and Marion Fourcade. "How Foundations Think: The Ford Foundation as a Dominating Institution in the Field of American Business Schools." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-070, January 2011.
      • 2011
      • Teaching Note

      UFIDA (D) (TN)

      By: F. Warren McFarlan, Ping He, Xiohua Wu and Lijuan Liu
      This case describes the financing decisions of a software company at difference stages of its development. Started from 1988 as an individual business, along with the "Reform and Open" policy of China, the firm has experienced tremendous growth, and has become a... View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Computer Software; Emerging Markets; Financial Strategy; IPO; Investments; China; Applications and Software; China
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      McFarlan, F. Warren, Ping He, Xiohua Wu, and Lijuan Liu. "UFIDA (D) (TN)." Tsinghua University Teaching Note, 2011.
      • December 2010
      • Article

      Happiness Adaptation to Income and to Status in an Individual Panel

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We study adaptation to income and to status using individual panel data on the happiness of 7,812 people living in Germany from 1984 to 2000. Specifically, we estimate a "happiness equation" defined over several lags of income and status and compare the long-run... View Details
      Keywords: Wages; Status and Position; Happiness; Income; Change; Germany
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Happiness Adaptation to Income and to Status in an Individual Panel." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 76, no. 3 (December 2010): 834–852.
      • 2010
      • Working Paper

      Overconfidence by Bayesian Rational Agents

      By: Eric Van den Steen
      This paper derives two mechanisms through which Bayesian-rational individuals with differing priors will tend to be relatively overconfident about their estimates and predictions, in the sense of overestimating the precision of these estimates. The intuition behind one... View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Measurement and Metrics; Game Theory; Forecasting and Prediction
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      Van den Steen, Eric. "Overconfidence by Bayesian Rational Agents." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 11-049, November 2010.
      • 2010
      • Book

      The Comingled Code: Open Source and Economic Development

      By: Josh Lerner and Mark Schankerman
      Discussions of the economic impact of open source software often generate more heat than light. Advocates passionately assert the benefits of open source, while critics decry its effects. Missing from the debate is rigorous economic analysis and systematic... View Details
      Keywords: Development Economics; Economic Growth; Policy; Government and Politics; Open Source Distribution; Software
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      Lerner, Josh, and Mark Schankerman. The Comingled Code: Open Source and Economic Development. MIT Press, 2010.
      • September 2010 (Revised March 2012)
      • Case

      AQR's Momentum Funds (A)

      By: Daniel Baird Bergstresser, Lauren H. Cohen, Randolph B. Cohen and Christopher J. Malloy
      AQR is a hedge fund based in Greenwich, Connecticut, that is considering offering a wholly new line of product to retail investors, namely the ability to invest in the price phenomenon known as momentum. There is a large body of empirical evidence supporting momentum... View Details
      Keywords: Financial Strategy; Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Product Development; Financial Services Industry; Greenwich
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      Bergstresser, Daniel Baird, Lauren H. Cohen, Randolph B. Cohen, and Christopher J. Malloy. "AQR's Momentum Funds (A)." Harvard Business School Case 211-025, September 2010. (Revised March 2012.)
      • Article

      Marginality and Problem-Solving Effectiveness in Broadcast Search

      By: Lars Bo Jeppesen and Karim R. Lakhani
      We examine who the winners are in science problem-solving contests characterized by open broadcast of problem information, self-selection of external solvers to discrete problems from the laboratories of large R&D intensive companies, and blind review of solution... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Open Source Distribution; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Markets; Independent Innovation and Invention; Problems and Challenges; Research and Development; Gender; Science
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      Jeppesen, Lars Bo, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Marginality and Problem-Solving Effectiveness in Broadcast Search." Organization Science 21, no. 5 (September–October 2010): 1016–1033.
      • 2010
      • Book

      International Differences in Entrepreneurship

      By: Josh Lerner and Antoinette Schoar
      Often considered one of the major forces behind economic growth and development, the entrepreneurial firm can accelerate the speed of innovation and dissemination of new technologies, thus increasing a country's competitive edge in the global market. As a result,... View Details
      Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Growth; Entrepreneurship; Globalized Economies and Regions; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Supply and Industry; Business and Government Relations
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      Lerner, Josh, and Antoinette Schoar, eds. International Differences in Entrepreneurship. National Bureau of Economic Research Conference Report. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
      • 2010
      • Other Unpublished Work

      God, Government and Outsiders: The Influence of Religious Beliefs on Depositor Behavior in an Emerging Market.

      By: Ayesha K. Khan and Tarun Khanna
      This paper provides evidence that religious beliefs can have a significant impact on individual financial choices. Using proprietary panel data on the distribution of bank deposits across all commercial banks in Pakistan over a 33-month period, I find that Islamic... View Details
      Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Commercial Banking; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Consumer Behavior; Emerging Markets; Religion; Banking Industry; Pakistan
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      Khan, Ayesha K., and Tarun Khanna. "God, Government and Outsiders: The Influence of Religious Beliefs on Depositor Behavior in an Emerging Market." February 2010.
      • 2010
      • Chapter

      Happiness Adaptation to Income beyond 'Basic Needs'

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      We test for whether, once "basic needs" are satisfied, there is happiness adaptation to further gains in income using three data sets. Individual German Panel Data from 1985 to 2000, and data on the well-being of over 600,000 people in a panel of European countries... View Details
      Keywords: Wealth and Poverty; Happiness; Human Needs; Income; Adaptation; Economic Growth
      Citation
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Happiness Adaptation to Income beyond 'Basic Needs'." Chap. 8 in International Differences in Well-Being, edited by Ed Diener, John Helliwell, and Daniel Kahneman, 217–247. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
      • 2010
      • Article

      Multi-Rater Assessment of Creative Contributions to Team Projects in Organizations

      By: Giovanni B. Moneta, Teresa M. Amabile, Elizabeth Schatzel and Steve J. Kramer
      This study examined the convergent and construct validity of ratings of individual creative contributions in a team context. A sample of 201 employees and supervisors, working on 26 team projects, completed the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and rated themselves and their... View Details
      Keywords: Creativity; Groups and Teams; Research; Performance Evaluation; Gender; Projects
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      Moneta, Giovanni B., Teresa M. Amabile, Elizabeth Schatzel, and Steve J. Kramer. "Multi-Rater Assessment of Creative Contributions to Team Projects in Organizations." European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 19, no. 2 (2010): 150–176.
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Assess, Don't Assume, Part I: Etiquette and National Culture in Negotiation

      By: James K. Sebenius
      When facing a cross-border negotiation, the standard preparatory assessments -- of the parties, their interests, their no-deal options, opportunities for and barriers to creating and claiming value, the most promising sequence and process design, etc. -- should be... View Details
      Keywords: Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Negotiation Process; Societal Protocols; Competitive Advantage; Cooperation
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      Sebenius, James K. "Assess, Don't Assume, Part I: Etiquette and National Culture in Negotiation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-048, December 2009.
      • 2009
      • Working Paper

      Assess, Don't Assume, Part II: Negotiating Implications of Cross-Border Differences in Decision Making, Governance, and Political Economy

      By: James K. Sebenius

      When facing a cross-border negotiation, the standard preparatory assessments—of the parties, their interests, their no-deal options, opportunities for and barriers to creating and claiming value, the most promising sequence and process design, etc.—should be... View Details

      Keywords: Decision Making; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Corporate Governance; Negotiation Process; Organizational Culture; Business and Government Relations
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      Sebenius, James K. "Assess, Don't Assume, Part II: Negotiating Implications of Cross-Border Differences in Decision Making, Governance, and Political Economy." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-050, December 2009.
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