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      • February 1992 (Revised September 2019)
      • Case

      The House of Tata

      By: James E. Austin and Ashish Nanda
      The case traces the evolution of the Tata group, one of the largest and highly respected Indian business houses, from its 19th century founding and early growth in diverse industries, to its response to changes in government regulation in independent India, up to its... View Details
      Keywords: Indian Economy; International Business; Government And Business; Government Regulation; Synergy; Conglomerates; Business Conglomerates; Developing Countries and Economies; Business and Government Relations; Business History; Steel Industry; Electronics Industry; Chemical Industry; Insurance Industry; Air Transportation Industry; India
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      Austin, James E., and Ashish Nanda. "The House of Tata." Harvard Business School Case 792-065, February 1992. (Revised September 2019.)
      • 1991
      • Other Unpublished Work

      Japanese Corporate Finance and Governance: Implications for the Privatization of Eastern European Economies

      By: David S. Scharfstein
      Keywords: Privatization; Corporate Governance; Developing Countries and Economies; Corporate Finance; Japan; Europe
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      Scharfstein, David S. "Japanese Corporate Finance and Governance: Implications for the Privatization of Eastern European Economies." December 1991.
      • June 1991 (Revised October 1991)
      • Case

      General Electric: Reg Jones and Jack Welch

      By: Francis Aguilar and Christopher A. Bartlett
      When GE's retiring Reginald Jones turned the job of CEO over to Jack Welch on April 1, 1981, the Wall Street Journal reported that GE had "decided to replace a legend with a live wire." Some wondered if the young dynamo could fill the elder statesman's very large... View Details
      Keywords: Management Teams; Business or Company Management; Change Management; Leading Change; Restructuring; Investment; Strategic Planning; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Management Succession
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      Aguilar, Francis, and Christopher A. Bartlett. "General Electric: Reg Jones and Jack Welch." Harvard Business School Case 391-144, June 1991. (Revised October 1991.)
      • March 1991 (Revised May 1991)
      • Case

      TBIRD: The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan
      During the period of 1987 to 1990, while Thailand had one of the fastest growing economies in the world (average growth rate of 12%), the income disparity between its rural and urban population (especially Bangkok City) was growing increasingly worse. Mechai... View Details
      Keywords: Economic Growth; Management Skills; Programs; Wealth and Poverty; Thailand
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi. "TBIRD: The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development." Harvard Business School Case 591-099, March 1991. (Revised May 1991.)
      • February 1991 (Revised March 1993)
      • Supplement

      USSR--1990, Supplement

      By: Willis M. Emmons III
      Provides an update of key social, political, and economic outcomes in the Soviet Union over the period April 1990 to February 1991. View Details
      Keywords: Social Issues; Outcome or Result; Government and Politics; Economy; Transition; Soviet Union
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      Emmons, Willis M., III. "USSR--1990, Supplement." Harvard Business School Supplement 391-161, February 1991. (Revised March 1993.)
      • 1990
      • Chapter

      Private Time: The Political Economy of Private Prison Finance

      By: Dutch Leonard
      Keywords: Private Sector; Law Enforcement; Corporate Finance
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      Leonard, Dutch. "Private Time: The Political Economy of Private Prison Finance." In Private Prisons and the Public Interest, edited by Douglas McDonald. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1990.
      • September 1990 (Revised June 1991)
      • Case

      Otis Elevator Co.: China Joint Venture (A)

      By: Michael Y. Yoshino
      Examines Otis's market entry strategy in China through a joint venture with Tianjin Elevator Works. The teaching objective is a basic evaluation of a joint venture in a developing country. May be used with Otis Elevator Co.: China Joint Venture (B1), (B2), and (D). View Details
      Keywords: Joint Ventures; Developing Countries and Economies; Global Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Construction Industry; Manufacturing Industry; China
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      Yoshino, Michael Y. "Otis Elevator Co.: China Joint Venture (A)." Harvard Business School Case 391-062, September 1990. (Revised June 1991.)
      • April 1990 (Revised November 1992)
      • Case

      Population Services International: The Social Marketing Project in Bangladesh (Abridged)

      By: James E. Austin
      Population Services International (PSI) was a not-for-profit agency founded to disseminate family planning information and to market birth control products, primarily in less developed countries seeking to curb their population explosions. In 1976, PSI concluded an... View Details
      Keywords: Conferences; Developing Countries and Economies; Information Publishing; Growth and Development Strategy; Marketing Strategy; Social Marketing; Agreements and Arrangements; Product; Nonprofit Organizations; Pharmaceutical Industry; Bangladesh; Washington (state, US)
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      Austin, James E. "Population Services International: The Social Marketing Project in Bangladesh (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 590-061, April 1990. (Revised November 1992.)
      • April 1990 (Revised August 1997)
      • Case

      Organizational Capabilities and U.S. War Production: The Controlled Materials Plan of World War II

      By: Robert D. Cuff and Richard S. Tedlow
      A vehicle for the discussion of a very important set of institutional arrangements that helped enable America to mobilize its economy for World War II. View Details
      Keywords: Economy; Production; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Strategic Planning; War; United States
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      Cuff, Robert D., and Richard S. Tedlow. "Organizational Capabilities and U.S. War Production: The Controlled Materials Plan of World War II." Harvard Business School Case 390-166, April 1990. (Revised August 1997.)
      • April 1990
      • Case

      Nestle Alimentana S.A. -- Infant Formula (Abridged)

      By: James E. Austin
      The new vice president of infant and dietetic products of Nestle Alimentana S.A. has to make recommendations on the company's marketing programs for its infant formulas in developing countries. The U.S. subsidiary is currently the target of a consumer boycott because... View Details
      Keywords: Product Marketing; Emerging Markets; Developing Countries and Economies; Distribution Channels; Marketing Strategy; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Food; Business Subsidiaries; Food and Beverage Industry; United States; Switzerland
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      Austin, James E. "Nestle Alimentana S.A. -- Infant Formula (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 590-070, April 1990.
      • March 1990 (Revised May 1993)
      • Case

      USSR--1990

      By: Willis M. Emmons III
      Describes the political, economic, and social development of the USSR from 1921-90. Particular emphasis is placed on 1) institutional change, 2) the costs and benefits of central economic planning, and 3) the political economy of perestroika under Mikhail Gorbachev.... View Details
      Keywords: Country; Strategy; Cost vs Benefits; Change; Government and Politics; Russia
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      Emmons, Willis M., III. "USSR--1990." Harvard Business School Case 390-155, March 1990. (Revised May 1993.)
      • 1990
      • Chapter

      In God We Trust: The Political Economy of the Social Security Reserves

      By: Dutch Leonard
      Keywords: Sovereign Finance
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      Leonard, Dutch. "In God We Trust: The Political Economy of the Social Security Reserves." In Social Security's Looming Surpluses: Prospects and Implications, edited by Carolyn L. Weaver. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1990.
      • July 1989 (Revised December 1990)
      • Case

      CIBA-GEIGY Pharmaceuticals: Pharma International

      By: John A. Quelch
      Examines the decision by Pharma International on whether to launch an antimalarial product in Nigeria and, if so, how that should be implemented. Involves commercial, ethical, and policy considerations. Rich in situation assessment data, the case refers to criticism of... View Details
      Keywords: Ethics; Decision Choices and Conditions; Product Launch; Policy; Developing Countries and Economies; Pharmaceutical Industry; Nigeria
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      Quelch, John A. "CIBA-GEIGY Pharmaceuticals: Pharma International." Harvard Business School Case 589-108, July 1989. (Revised December 1990.)
      • June 1989 (Revised May 1993)
      • Case

      Fairfield Inn (A)

      By: James L. Heskett
      The Fairfield Inn, an economy hotel venture by the Marriott Corp., has developed a novel method for selecting and measuring the performance of its hotel personnel that fits the company's strategy. Because it faces the need to grow rapidly, questions have arisen as to... View Details
      Keywords: Selection and Staffing; Innovation and Invention; Growth and Development Strategy; Franchise Ownership; Performance Evaluation; Corporate Strategy; Accommodations Industry
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      Heskett, James L. "Fairfield Inn (A)." Harvard Business School Case 689-092, June 1989. (Revised May 1993.)
      • January 1989
      • Case

      Benetton S.p.A.

      By: Howard H. Stevenson
      Focuses on the strategic/organizational development of Benetton. Examines the organizational structure which has allowed the company to expand into a world scale company from its small entrepreneurial base. Examines the functional strategies which have allowed a huge... View Details
      Keywords: Marketing Strategy; Organizational Structure; Growth and Development; Business Strategy; Performance Effectiveness; Fashion Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry
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      Stevenson, Howard H. "Benetton S.p.A." Harvard Business School Case 389-074, January 1989.
      • 1989
      • Article

      The Creative Environment Scales: The Work Environment Inventory

      By: T. M. Amabile and N. Gryskiewicz
      The Creative Environment Scales Work Environment Inventory (WEI) is a new paper-and-pencil instrument designed to assess stimulants and obstacles to creativity in the work environment. Unlike many instruments that are designed as comprehensive descriptions of the work... View Details
      Keywords: Creativity; Innovation and Invention; Working Conditions; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques
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      Amabile, T. M., and N. Gryskiewicz. "The Creative Environment Scales: The Work Environment Inventory." Creativity Research Journal 2 (1989): 231–254.
      • 1988
      • Chapter

      Evaluation of Government Financial Incentives to Large Scale Energy Projects: A Contingent Claims Approach

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Scott P. Mason
      Keywords: Energy; Projects; Motivation and Incentives; Sovereign Finance; Business and Government Relations; Mathematical Methods; Energy Industry
      Citation
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Scott P. Mason. "Evaluation of Government Financial Incentives to Large Scale Energy Projects: A Contingent Claims Approach." In Advances in Futures and Options Research. 3 vols. Edited by F. Fabozzi. JAI Press, 1988.
      • Article

      Beyond the Reach of the Invisible Hand: Impediments to Economic Activity, Market Failures, and Profitability

      By: Dennis Yao
      In this paper it is argued that failures of the competitive market are necessary conditions for supranormal profitability. Three fundamental causes of these market failures-production economies and sunk costs, transactions costs, and imperfect information-are developed... View Details
      Keywords: Economics; Markets; Failure; Profit; Cost; Information; Market Transactions; Competition; Strategy; Production
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      Yao, Dennis. "Beyond the Reach of the Invisible Hand: Impediments to Economic Activity, Market Failures, and Profitability." Strategic Management Journal 9 (Summer 1988): 59–70. (Harvard users click here for full text.)
      • June 1988
      • Case

      Decontrol of Fertilizer Prices in Pakistan

      By: Louis T. Wells Jr.
      Keywords: Business and Government Relations; Developing Countries and Economies; Price; Pakistan
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      Wells, Louis T., Jr. "Decontrol of Fertilizer Prices in Pakistan." Harvard Business School Case 388-087, June 1988.
      • 1988
      • Article

      The Process of Economic Concentration in the American Economy

      By: R. S. Tedlow
      Keywords: Economics; Economy; United States
      Citation
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      Tedlow, R. S. "The Process of Economic Concentration in the American Economy." Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte (1988): 91–111.
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