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- June 2007
- Article
What Is the Impact of Software Patent Shifts? Evidence from Lotus v. Borland
By: Josh Lerner and Feng Zhu
Economists have debated the extent to which strengthening patent protection spurs or detracts from technological innovation. This paper examines the reduction of software copyright protection in the Lotus v. Borland decision. If patent and copyright protections are... View Details
- 2008
- Working Paper
The Ethnic Composition of U.S. Inventors
By: William R. Kerr
The ethnic composition of US scientists and engineers is undergoing a significant transformation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual patent records granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office to document these trends with greater... View Details
- Article
Finding Lost Profits: An Equilibrium Analysis of Patent Infringement Damages
By: James J. Anton and Dennis A. Yao
We discuss how a seller can appropriate rents when selling knowledge that lacks legal property rights by solving either an expropriation or a valuation problem and then analyze how seller rents increase when a portion of the intellectual property (IP) can be protected.... View Details
- December 2006 (Revised October 2007)
- Case
Monsanto: Realizing Biotech Value in Brazil
By: David E. Bell and Mary L. Shelman
In 2003, Monsanto's patented "Roundup Ready" technology was used illegally on 70-80% of the soybean area in southern Brazil. Under pressure from U.S. soybean growers, who were paying to license the technology, the firm implemented an innovative delivery-based... View Details
- November 2006
- Article
Patent Citations as a Measure of Knowledge Flows: The Influence of Examiner Citations
By: Juan Alcacer and Michelle Gittelman
Analysis of patent citations is a core methodology in the study of knowledge diffusion. However, citations made by patent examiners have not been separately reported, adding unknown noise to the data. We leverage a recent change in the reporting of patent data showing... View Details
- 2006
- Other Unpublished Work
Does Competition Increase Patent Litigation? Empirical Evidence of Strategic Patenting in the Telecom Equipment Industry
By: Juan Alcacer and Rachelle C. Sampson
Anecdotal evidence suggests that patent litigation has increased in the last 20 years as firms in knowledge intensive industries use patents more frequently to protect their knowledge stocks and managers focus on extracting new revenue streams from existing patent... View Details
- February 2006 (Revised October 2006)
- Case
Veridian: Putting a Value on Values
By: Rakesh Khurana, Joel Podolny and Jaan Margus Elias
David Langstaff, the CEO of Veridian, a defense company, struggles with the decision of selling the company. Langstaff has concerned himself with inculcalating his organization with the values necessary for superior achievement over the long term. But as a fiduciary,... View Details
- Article
Policy Implications of Weak Patent Rights
By: James J. Anton, Hillary Greene and Dennis Yao
Patents vary substantially in the degree of protection provided against unauthorized imitation. In this chapter we explore a range of work addressing the economic and policy implications of "weak" patents—patents that have a significant probability of being overturned... View Details
- 2006
- Other Unpublished Work
The RAD-Patent-LRD Mapping Project
By: William R. Kerr and Shihe Fu
Keywords: Patents
- December 2005 (Revised August 2006)
- Case
Amgen Inc.'s Epogen--Commercializing the First Biotech Blockbuster Drug
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee and Dennis A. Yao
Amgen Inc.'s Epogen was the first biotech blockbuster drug. Epogen helped prevent anemia, a condition that leads to severe fatigue, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and even death. At the time, the market for Epogen, which included dialysis patients and... View Details
- December 2005 (Revised February 2019)
- Case
Brighter Smiles for the Masses--Colgate vs. P&G
By: Felix Oberholzer-Gee, Dennis Yao and Filipa Azevedo Jorge
In 2000, Procter & Gamble Co. introduced Crest Whitestrips, a new, revolutionary product that allowed consumers to whiten their teeth at home. With Whitestrips, P&G created an entire new category in oral care, worth $460 million in 2002. Whitestrips sent P&G's main... View Details
- Article
Discussion of "Ivory Tower and Industrial Innovation: University-Industry Technology Transfer Before and After the Bayh-Dole Act in the United States" by David C. Mowery, Richard R. Nelson, Bhaven N. Sampat, and Arvids A. Ziedonis
By: Josh Lerner
- Comment
Patent Citations and the Geography of Knowledge Spillovers: A Reassessment: Comment
By: Rebecca M. Henderson, Adam Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg
- October 2004 (Revised March 2005)
- Case
Langer Lab, The: Commercializing Science
By: H. Kent Bowen, Alex Kazaks, Ayr Muir-Harmony and Bryce LaPierre
Professor Robert Langer's laboratory at MIT is the source of an unusually large number of published papers, patents, and technology licenses to start-up and established companies in the biomedical industry. Explores Langer's leadership and other factors that create a... View Details
- May 2004
- Background Note
56K Modem Battle
By: David B. Yoffie and Deborah Freier
Examines the battle to set the standard for the 56K modem. Set in 1996, this case looks at how computers accessed the Internet via a telephone line, or dial-up connection, and a hardware modem. In 1995, there were 18.6 million total modem unit shipments, with market... View Details