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Show Results For
- All HBS Web
(3,345)
- People (5)
- News (553)
- Research (2,162)
- Events (9)
- Multimedia (3)
- Faculty Publications (1,161)
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- December 1989
- Background Note
Note on How Organizations Can be Structured
By: D. Q. Mills
Describes four basic organizational forms--hierarchy, division, matrix, and cluster. Diagrams of each are included. Their strengths and weaknesses under different business environment conditions are detailed. There is a table comparing the forms on several key... View Details
Keywords: Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Culture; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure
Mills, D. Q. "Note on How Organizations Can be Structured." Harvard Business School Background Note 490-040, December 1989.
- July–August 2019
- Article
Coupling Labor Codes of Conduct and Supplier Labor Practices: The Role of Internal Structural Conditions
By: Yanhua Bird, Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Exploitive working conditions have spurred companies to pressure their suppliers to adopt labor codes of conduct and to conform their labor practices to the standards set forth in those codes. Yet little is known about whether organizational structures such as codes... View Details
Keywords: Organization Theory; Economic Sociology; Social Responsibility; Sustainability; Auditing; Process Improvement; Organizational Structure; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Supply Chain; Labor; Working Conditions
Bird, Yanhua, Jodi L. Short, and Michael W. Toffel. "Coupling Labor Codes of Conduct and Supplier Labor Practices: The Role of Internal Structural Conditions." Organization Science 30, no. 4 (July–August 2019): 847–867. (Best Paper Award at ComplianceNet Conference 2019, 2020 Responsible Research in Management Award Finalist.)
- 2022
- Chapter
Sustainability Science and Corporate Cleanup in Community Fields: The Translation, Resistance and Integration Process Model
By: P. Devereaux Jennings, Maggie Cascadden and Andrew J. Hoffman
Both practically and theoretically, the sustainability science and corporate operation perspectives often diverge. Overcoming this divergence requires some degree of engagement with organizational field members; not just negotiation, but on-the-ground process work to... View Details
Jennings, P. Devereaux, Maggie Cascadden, and Andrew J. Hoffman. "Sustainability Science and Corporate Cleanup in Community Fields: The Translation, Resistance and Integration Process Model." Chap. 12 in Handbook on the Business of Sustainability: The Organization, Implementation, and Practice of Sustainable Growth, edited by Gerard George, Martine Haas, Havovi Joshi, Anita McGahan, and Paul Tracey, 214–231. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
- June 2016
- Teaching Note
N12 Technologies: Building an Organization and Building a Business
By: David A. Garvin
N12 Technologies was a startup founded in 2010 that employed nanotechnology to manufacture a patented material to improve the performance of carbon fiber composites, which were used in a wide variety of products, ranging from bicycles to automobiles to aircraft parts.... View Details
Keywords: Startup; Organizational Structure; Nanotechnology; Business Processes; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Design; Management Systems; Commercialization; Industrial Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Auto Industry; Bicycle Industry; Transportation Industry; United States
- 2012
- Working Paper
Do Market Leaders Lead in Business Process Innovation? The Case(s) of E-Business Adoption
By: Kristina S. McElheran
This paper explores the relationship between market position and business process innovation. Prior research has focused on the alignment between new technologies and the internal capabilities of firms to pursue them. I extend the investigation to include external... View Details
Keywords: Investment; Technological Innovation; Leadership; Business Processes; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Technology Adoption; Manufacturing Industry; United States
McElheran, Kristina S. "Do Market Leaders Lead in Business Process Innovation? The Case(s) of E-Business Adoption." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-104, June 2010. (Revised April 2011, October 2012.)
- Article
Untapped Potential in the Study of Negotiation and Gender Inequality in Organizations
By: Hannah Riley Bowles and Kathleen L. McGinn
Negotiation is a process that creates, reinforces, and reduces gender inequality in organizations, yet the study of gender in negotiation has little connection to the study of gender in organizations. We review the literature on gender in job negotiations from... View Details
Keywords: Gender; Body of Literature; Negotiation Process; Organizational Culture; Research; Behavior; Equality and Inequality
Bowles, Hannah Riley, and Kathleen L. McGinn. "Untapped Potential in the Study of Negotiation and Gender Inequality in Organizations." Academy of Management Annals 2 (2008): 99–132.
- 03 Oct 2005
- What Do You Think?
What’s the Future of Globally Organized Labor?
series of labor-manager-owner conflicts—beginning with an air traffic controllers' strike in the United States in the 1980s—in which organized labor has suffered one defeat after another, often losing jobs in the View Details
Keywords: by James Heskett
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize
The purpose of this chapter is to explain what the technologies of flow production with stochastic bottlenecks require and reward in organizations. I argue that organizations successfully implementing these technologies are likely to have unified governance and... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-033, September 2019.
- Article
Reflections: Toward a Normative and Actionable Theory of Planned Organizational Change and Development
By: Michael Beer
A normative and actionable theory of planned organizational change and development is proposed based on fifty years of engagement by the author as a scholar-consultant. Five principles are central features of the theory and practice proposed: 1) Organizations are... View Details
Keywords: Consultant; Process; Systems; Silence; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Leadership; Learning; Management Teams
Beer, Michael. "Reflections: Toward a Normative and Actionable Theory of Planned Organizational Change and Development." Journal of Change Management 21, no. 1 (2021).
- 2006
- Working Paper
Defining the Attributes and Processes that Enhance the Effectiveness of Workforce Diversity Initiatives in Knowledge Intensive Firms
By: Modupe Akinola and David A. Thomas
Workforce diversity continues to be a key focus for organizations, driven by globalization of the U.S. economy and the desire for organizations to more accurately reflect the demographic diversity of the US population. Yet, most research on diversity in organizations... View Details
Keywords: Diversity; Globalization; Employees; Retention; Knowledge Sharing; Research; United States
Akinola, Modupe, and David A. Thomas. "Defining the Attributes and Processes that Enhance the Effectiveness of Workforce Diversity Initiatives in Knowledge Intensive Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 07-019, September 2006. (Revised August 2008.)
- August 2001
- Article
The Evolution of Intra-Industry Firm Heterogeneity: Insights from a Process Study
By: David J. Collis and T. Noda
Collis, David J., and T. Noda. "The Evolution of Intra-Industry Firm Heterogeneity: Insights from a Process Study." Academy of Management Journal 44, no. 4 (August 2001): 897–925.
- March 1990 (Revised December 1995)
- Teaching Note
Westinghouse Electric Corp.: Automating the Capital Budget Process Series, Teaching Note
By: Lynda M. Applegate and Julie H. Hertenstein
- 2015
- Working Paper
Coactive Vicarious Learning: Towards a Relational Theory of Vicarious Learning in Organizations
By: Christopher G. Myers
Vicarious learning—a process of individual belief and behavior change that occurs through being exposed to, and making meaning of, another's experience—has long been recognized as a key driver of individual, team and organizational success. Yet existing perspectives on... View Details
Myers, Christopher G. "Coactive Vicarious Learning: Towards a Relational Theory of Vicarious Learning in Organizations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-020, August 2015.
- Teaching Interest
Managing Human Capital: Keeping Hope Alive in Organizations (Not offered 2013-2014)
Managing Human Capital has been specifically designed to teach practical skills for the general manager who seeks to manage both other people and his or her own career with optimal effectiveness. Any and all students who believe they will need to effectively manage... View Details
- March 1999
- Case
Merck & Co., Inc.: Corporate Strategy, Organization and Culture (A)
By: Michael Beer and Perry Fagan
In the early 1990s, Merck faced a series of challenges because of significant changes in its competitive and regulatory environment (e.g., growth in power of pharmaceutical buyers like managed care organizations led to price pressures and President Clinton's review of... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business or Company Management; Organizational Culture; Problems and Challenges; Management Practices and Processes; Competitive Strategy; Management Teams; Health Care and Treatment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Situation or Environment; Alignment; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
Beer, Michael, and Perry Fagan. "Merck & Co., Inc.: Corporate Strategy, Organization and Culture (A)." Harvard Business School Case 499-054, March 1999.
- 2013
- Article
The Strategic Fitness Process: A Collaborative Action Research Method for Developing Organizational Prototypes and Dynamic Capabilities
By: Michael Beer
Organizations underperform and sometimes fail because their leaders are unable to learn the unvarnished truth from relevant stakeholders about how the design and behavior of the organization is misaligned with its goals and strategy. The Strategic Fitness Process (SFP)... View Details
Keywords: Organization Alignment; Dynamic Capabilities; Organization Design; Organizational Prototyping; Organizational Silence; Organizational Learning; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Strategic Planning; Organizational Design
Beer, Michael. "The Strategic Fitness Process: A Collaborative Action Research Method for Developing Organizational Prototypes and Dynamic Capabilities." Journal of Organization Design 2, no. 1 (2013).
- 2022
- Article
The Turn Toward Creative Work
By: Spencer Harrison, Elizabeth D. Rouse, Colin M. Fisher and Teresa M. Amabile
In this Academy of Management Collections essay, we curate a set of articles from the Academy of Management family of journals that showcase the evolution of creativity research within organizational scholarship. The articles reveal a shift from the study of... View Details
Harrison, Spencer, Elizabeth D. Rouse, Colin M. Fisher, and Teresa M. Amabile. "The Turn Toward Creative Work." Academy of Management Collections 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–15.
- 2013
- Working Paper
Increased Speed Equals Increased Wait: The Impact of a Reduction in Emergency Department Ultrasound Order Processing Time
By: Jillian Berry Jaeker, Anita L. Tucker and Michael H. Lee
We exploit an exogenous process change at two emergency departments (EDs) within a health system to test the theory that increasing capacity in a discretionary work setting increases wait times due to additional services being provided to customers as a consequence of... View Details
Keywords: Technology; Demand and Consumers; Service Delivery; Health Care and Treatment; Business Processes; Health Industry
Berry Jaeker, Jillian, Anita L. Tucker, and Michael H. Lee. "Increased Speed Equals Increased Wait: The Impact of a Reduction in Emergency Department Ultrasound Order Processing Time." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-033, October 2013.
- July 2024
- Module Note
Organization: Managing the Corporation
By: David J. Collis
Ongoing management of the corporate portfolio is critical to realizing value in diversified companies. This requires designing and administering structures, systems, and processes appropriate for the set of businesses and the resources that underpin value creation... View Details
Keywords: Organization; Corporate Strategy; Business Conglomerates; Business or Company Management; Diversification; Value Creation; Corporate Governance; Business Units
Collis, David J. "Organization: Managing the Corporation." Harvard Business School Module Note 724-495, July 2024.
- Article
Unraveling the Process of Creative Destruction: Complementary Assets and Incumbent Survival in the Typesetter Industry
By: M. Tripsas
When radical technological change transforms an industry established firms sometimes fail drastically and are displaced by new entrants, yet other times survive and prosper. Drawing upon an unusually rich data set that covers the technological and competitive... View Details
Keywords: Technology; Transformation; Market Entry and Exit; Competition; History; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Business Processes; Competency and Skills; Assets; Perspective; Disruptive Innovation
Tripsas, M. "Unraveling the Process of Creative Destruction: Complementary Assets and Incumbent Survival in the Typesetter Industry." Special Issue on Organizational and Competitive Influences on Strategy and Performance. Strategic Management Journal 18, no. S1 (July 1997): 119–142.