Publications

Web

Machine Learning frameworks (Tensorflow, PyTorch, Keras, OpenCV) - Research Computing Services

Software Tools Machine Learning frameworks (Tensorflow, PyTorch, Keras, OpenCV) 4ms The HBSGrid offers artificial intelligence(AI) and machine learning (ML) capabilities... View Details

2024
Working Paper

Empirical Guidance: Data Processing and Analysis with Applications in Stata, R, and Python

By: Melissa Ouellet and Michael W. Toffel

This paper describes a range of best practices to compile and analyze datasets, and includes some examples in Stata, R, and Python. It is meant to serve as a reference for those getting started in econometrics, and especially those seeking to conduct data analyses in... View Details

Keywords: Empirical Methods; Empirical Operations; Statistical Methods And Machine Learning; Statistical Interferences; Research Analysts; Analytics and Data Science; Mathematical Methods

SSRN

April 2018 (Revised February 2019)
Supplement

Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning (B)

By: Michael W. Toffel, Dan Levy, Astrid Camille Pineda, Jose Ramon Morales Arilla and Matthew S. Johnson

Supplements the (A) case. View Details

2021
Working Paper

Time and the Value of Data

By: Ehsan Valavi, Joel Hestness, Newsha Ardalani and Marco Iansiti

Managers often believe that collecting more data will continually improve the accuracy of their machine learning models. However, we argue in this paper that when data lose relevance over time, it may be optimal to collect a limited amount of recent data instead of... View Details

Keywords: Economics Of AI; Machine Learning; Non-stationarity; Perishability; Value Depreciation; Analytics and Data Science; Value

SSRN

Web

Men [sic] and machines - The Human Factor – Baker Library | Bloomberg Center, Historical Collections

Production The Worker Chapter Introduction Chapter Images The Audience Bibliography previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 next Men [sic] and machines ca. 1933 Webster Electric Company Photographer unknown Multiple Coil... View Details

Article

Developing a Digital Mindset: How to Lead Your Organization into the Age of Data, Algorithms, and AI

By: Tsedal Neeley and Paul Leonardi

Learning new technological skills is essential for digital transformation. But it is not enough. Employees must be motivated to use their skills to create new opportunities. They need a digital mindset: a set of attitudes and behaviors that enable people and... View Details

Keywords: Machine Learning; AI; Information Technology; Transformation; Competency and Skills; Employees; Technology Adoption; Leading Change; Digital Transformation

Article

Towards Robust and Reliable Algorithmic Recourse

By: Sohini Upadhyay, Shalmali Joshi and Himabindu Lakkaraju

As predictive models are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes decision making (e.g., loan approvals), there has been growing interest in post-hoc techniques which provide recourse to affected individuals. These techniques generate recourses under the assumption... View Details

Keywords: Machine Learning Models; Algorithmic Recourse; Decision Making; Forecasting and Prediction

2025
Article

Statistical Inference for Heterogeneous Treatment Effects Discovered by Generic Machine Learning in Randomized Experiments

By: Kosuke Imai and Michael Lingzhi Li

Researchers are increasingly turning to machine learning (ML) algorithms to investigate causal heterogeneity in randomized experiments. Despite their promise, ML algorithms may fail to accurately ascertain heterogeneous treatment effects under practical settings with... View Details

Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Mathematical Methods; Analytics and Data Science

Find at Harvard

Fall 1997
Article

Little Machines in Their Gardens: A History of School Gardens in America, 1891 to 1920

By: Brian Trelstad

“Little Machines in their Gardens: A History of School Gardens in America, 1891 to 1920” explores the rise and decline of the school garden movement in the United States. The paper first documents the early history of the gardens and establishes them as a national... View Details

Keywords: School Garden Movement; United States

Find at Harvard

Web

Combination slicing and wrapping machine - The Human Factor – Baker Library | Bloomberg Center, Historical Collections

Chapter Images The Product The Production The Worker The Audience Bibliography previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 next Combination slicing and wrapping machine ca. 1934 Continental Baking Company Fred C. Seely This is the... View Details

2022
Article

Exploring Counterfactual Explanations Through the Lens of Adversarial Examples: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis.

By: Martin Pawelczyk, Chirag Agarwal, Shalmali Joshi, Sohini Upadhyay and Himabindu Lakkaraju

As machine learning (ML) models become more widely deployed in high-stakes applications, counterfactual explanations have emerged as key tools for providing actionable model explanations in practice. Despite the growing popularity of counterfactual explanations, a... View Details

Keywords: Machine Learning Models; Counterfactual Explanations; Adversarial Examples; Mathematical Methods

April 2024
Article

A Machine Learning Algorithm Predicting Risk of Dilating VUR among Infants with Hydronephrosis Using UTD Classification

By: Hsin-Hsiao Scott Wang, Michael Lingzhi Li, Dylan Cahill, John Panagides, Tanya Logvinenko, Jeanne Chow and Caleb Nelson

Backgrounds: Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) classification has been designed to be a more objective grading system to evaluate antenatal and post-natal UTD. Due to unclear association between UTD classifications to specific anomalies such as vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR),... View Details

Keywords: Health Disorders; Health Testing and Trials; AI and Machine Learning; Health Industry

Article

Faithful and Customizable Explanations of Black Box Models

By: Himabindu Lakkaraju, Ece Kamar, Rich Caruana and Jure Leskovec

As predictive models increasingly assist human experts (e.g., doctors) in day-to-day decision making, it is crucial for experts to be able to explore and understand how such models behave in different feature subspaces in order to know if and when to trust them. To... View Details

Keywords: Interpretable Machine Learning; Black Box Models; Decision Making; Framework

February 2024
Teaching Note

Data-Driven Denim: Financial Forecasting at Levi Strauss

By: Mark Egan

Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 224-029. Levi Strauss & Co. (“Levi Strauss”) partnered with the IT services company Wipro to incorporate more sophisticated methods, such as machine learning, into their financial forecasting process starting in 2018. The decision to... View Details

Keywords: Forecasting; Regression; Machine Learning; Artificial Intelligence; Apparel; Corporate Finance; Forecasting and Prediction; AI and Machine Learning; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States

October 2018
Article

The Operational Value of Social Media Information

By: Ruomeng Cui, Santiago Gallino, Antonio Moreno and Dennis J. Zhang

While the value of using social media information has been established in multiple business contexts, the field of operations and supply chain management have not yet explored the possibilities it offers in improving firms' operational decisions. This study attempts to... View Details

Keywords: Machine Learning; Information; Sales; Forecasting and Prediction; Social Media

Find at Harvard

February 2018 (Revised June 2021)
Case

New Constructs: Disrupting Fundamental Analysis with Robo-Analysts

By: Charles C.Y. Wang and Kyle Thomas

This case highlights the business challenges associated with a financial technology firm, New Constructs, that created a technology that can quickly parse complicated public firm financials to paint a clearer economic picture of firms, remove accounting distortions,... View Details

Keywords: Fundamental Analysis; Machine Learning; Robo-analysts; Financial Statements; Financial Reporting; Analysis; Information Technology; Accounting Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; North America; Tennessee

Educators

11 Feb 2019
Blog Post

John Bracaglia, MBA 2020: “I Want to Find the Machine Learning Strategy That Avoids the Pitfalls While Fulfilling the Promise.”

For John Bracaglia, his academic and professional careers have been driven by two themes: “machine learning and behavioral economics,” he says. “The two work together. Machine... View Details

Keywords: Technology; Entrepreneurship

May 2001
Teaching Note

Coca-Cola's New Vending Machine (A): Pricing to Capture Value, or Not? TN

By: Charles King III and Das Narayandas

Teaching Note for (9-500-068). View Details