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  • July 2022 (Revised March 2023)
  • Case

The LEGO Group: Builders of a More Diverse and Inclusive Tomorrow

By: Elie Ofek and Sarah Mehta
This case explores how the LEGO Group’s diversity and inclusion efforts from 2008 to 2022. View Details
Keywords: Race; Inclusion; Equity; Demographics; Age; Diversity; Ethnicity; Gender; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Europe; Denmark; United States
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  • 2014
  • Working Paper

Waste, Recycling and Entrepreneurship in Central and Northern Europe, 1870–1940

By: Geoffrey Jones and Andrew Spadafora
This working paper examines the role of entrepreneurs in the municipal solid waste industry in industrialized central and northern Europe from the late nineteenth century to the 1940s. It explores the emergence of numerous German, Danish, and other European... View Details
Keywords: Environmental Entrepreneurship; Business History; Entrepreneurship; Health; History; Green Technology Industry; Germany; Denmark; Hungary; United Kingdom
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  • 07 Sep 2021
  • News

Embracing Activism for Social Change

impact investment venture capital fund in India, and a year in Denmark as a Fulbright Research Fellow studying social return on investment methodologies. Mendu says being chosen as an HBS Leadership Fellow was “very humbling” and a unique... View Details
Keywords: Deborah Blagg
  • 19 Sep 2024
  • Blog Post

A Day at Royal FloraHolland: The Epicenter of the Global Flower Market

In January 2024, Professors Willy Shih and Mike Toffel led 45 HBS MBA students on site visits to witness the energy transition and innovative sustainable production activities throughout Denmark and the Netherlands, in the second year of... View Details
  • 2010
  • Report

Nordic Globalization Barometer 2010

By: Christian H.M. Ketels
The 2010 Nordic Globalization Barometer, the third in this series, is again designed to serve as input to the discussions of the five Nordic Prime Ministers (representing Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) at the Nordic Globalization Forum. In its first... View Details
Keywords: Globalization; Competition; Research and Development; Policy; Financial Crisis; Denmark; Finland; Iceland; Norway; China
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  • 01 Jun 2006
  • News

The Baby Business

Spar In her new book, The Baby Business: How Money, Science, and Politics Drive the Commerce of Conception, HBS professor Debora Spar takes an unflinching look at a taboo topic: the myriad kinds of interpersonal arrangements and financial transactions that increasingly... View Details
Keywords: Garry Emmons; Government; Health, Social Assistance
  • 2011
  • Chapter

Another Grand Tour: Cameralism and Antiphysiocracy in Tuscany, Baden, and Denmark-Norway

By: Sophus A. Reinert
Keywords: History; Economic Systems; Italy; Germany; Norway; Denmark
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  • 14 Jan 2022
  • Blog Post

Embracing Activism for Social Change

change. Before HBS, she spent two years at Teach for America, two years with an impact investment venture capital fund in India, and a year in Denmark as a Fulbright Research Fellow studying social return on investment methodologies.... View Details
  • 28 May 2013
  • Research & Ideas

Can LEGO Snap Together a Future in Asia?

unique opportunity to study strategy in the making when she headed to the company's Denmark headquarters last year. The case study The LEGO Group: Envisioning Risks in Asia, coauthored with HBS research associate Dominique Hamel, vividly... View Details
Keywords: by Kim Girard; Entertainment & Recreation
  • 26 Aug 2016
  • News

Connecting with the Past

building global distribution. He renamed the entire operation Intalite. “Within a month, I was on an airplane to Germany and Denmark setting up distribution,” he remembers. “American manufacturers of specialized ceilings were so insular... View Details
Keywords: Jill Radsken
  • January 2021 (Revised June 2021)
  • Case

Eaton Corporation: Portfolio Transformation and the Cost of Capital (Abridged)

By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
In 2000, Eaton Corporation was a broadly diversified industrial conglomerate. But its strategy was evolving and its focus was narrowing around “power management” and more recently on “intelligent power,” the use of digitally enabled products and services designed to... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Conglomerates; Business Divisions; Cost of Capital; Corporate Finance; Value; Valuation; Industrial Products Industry; United States; Denmark; Republic of Ireland
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  • January 2021 (Revised June 2021)
  • Supplement

Eaton Corporation: Portfolio Transformation and The Cost of Capital (Abridged)

By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
In 2000, Eaton Corporation was a broadly diversified industrial conglomerate. But its strategy was evolving and its focus was narrowing around “power management” and more recently on “intelligent power,” the use of digitally enabled products and services designed to... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Conglomerates; Business Divisions; Cost of Capital; Corporate Finance; Value; Valuation; Industrial Products Industry; United States; Denmark; Republic of Ireland
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  • July 2021
  • Teaching Note

Eaton Corporation: Portfolio Transformation and the Cost of Capital

By: Benjamin C. Esty, E. Scott Mayfield and Daniel Fisher
Teaching Note for HBS Case Nos. 221-006 and 221-070. View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Conglomerates; Business Divisions; Cost of Capital; Corporate Finance; Value; Valuation; Industrial Products Industry; United States; Denmark; Republic of Ireland
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  • 01 Dec 2022
  • News

Educating, Connecting, and Mobilizing Around Climate Change

offered this year. In addition, two new offerings are being introduced: an immersive field course that will take students to visit renewable energy and sustainable production sites in Denmark and the Netherlands, and a short intensive... View Details
Keywords: Jennifer Gillespie
  • September 2014
  • Case

Radiometer, 2003

By: John R. Wells and Galen Danskin
In 2003, Radiometer was the world's leading supplier of blood gas analysis equipment and accessories for critical care patients. Based in Denmark, Radiometer sold through a combination of sales subsidiaries and distributors around the world, and generated sales of over... View Details
Keywords: Medical Devices; Medical Equipment ＆ Devices; Mergers ＆ Acquisitions; Strategic Analysis; Strategic Change; Family Business; Strategy; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Denmark; United States
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  • Fast Answer

Historical Research - India

the (English) East India Company from the early 17th century to the late 19th century. Although a majority of the resources concern British involvement and administration of India, commerce with other European countries, including France, Portugal, View Details
  • August 2023 (Revised January 2024)
  • Supplement

Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (B)

By: Michael Parzen, Michael W. Toffel, Susan Pinckney and Amram Migdal
The case describes Arla’s history, in particular its climate change mitigation efforts, and how it implemented a price incentive system to motivate individual farms to implement scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions mitigation measures and receive a higher milk price. The... View Details
Keywords: Dairy Industry; Earnings Management; Environmental Accounting; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decisions; Voting; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Pollution; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Financial Strategy; Price; Profit; Revenue; Food; Geopolitical Units; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Global Strategy; Cooperative Ownership; Performance Efficiency; Performance Evaluation; Problems and Challenges; Natural Environment; Science-Based Business; Business Strategy; Commercial Banking; Cooperation; Corporate Strategy; Motivation and Incentives; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; European Union; Denmark; Sweden; Luxembourg; Belgium
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  • 14 Aug 2007
  • First Look

First Look: August 14, 2007

TDC's shares to force compulsory redemption under Denmark law. However, a pension fund that held 5.5% of the outstanding stock has rejected the offer. Should Nordic Telephone lower its 90% acceptance threshold and purchase TDC without a... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
  • August 2023 (Revised January 2024)
  • Supplement

Arla Foods: Data-Driven Decarbonization (A)

By: Michael Parzen, Michael W. Toffel, Amram Migdal and Susan Pinckney
Arla implemented a data-based price incentive system to measure, track, and influence climate friendly changes to reduce CO2 emissions across the world’s fourth largest dairy cooperative. View Details
Keywords: Dairy Industry; Business Earnings; Earnings Management; Environmental Accounting; Agribusiness; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Mergers and Acquisitions; Decision Making; Decisions; Voting; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Pollution; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Financial Strategy; Price; Profit; Revenue; Food; Geopolitical Units; Global Strategy; Ownership Type; Cooperative Ownership; Performance Efficiency; Performance Evaluation; Problems and Challenges; Natural Environment; Science-Based Business; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Cooperation; Corporate Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Europe; United Kingdom; European Union; Germany; Denmark; Sweden; Luxembourg; Belgium
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  • 01 Mar 2019
  • News

The One That Got Away

online food delivery business based in Denmark. This was our conclusion: “Just Eat seems to only work in Denmark, where business is profitable. Its other half-dozen markets are burning cash. It already has 10 percent of the Denmark... View Details