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- Faculty Publications (233)
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- All HBS Web (576)
- Faculty Publications (233)
- Article
Analyzing Scrip Systems
By: Kris Johnson, David Simchi-Levi and Peng Sun
Scrip systems provide a nonmonetary trade economy for exchange of resources. We model a scrip system as a stochastic game and study system design issues on selection rules to match potential trade partners over time. We show the optimality of one particular rule in... View Details
Keywords: ＂Repeated Games＂; Stochastic Trust Game; Dynamic Program; P2P Lending; Scrip Systems; Artificial Currency; Non-monetary Trade Economies; Marketplace Matching; Currency; Operations; Game Theory
Johnson, Kris, David Simchi-Levi, and Peng Sun. "Analyzing Scrip Systems." Operations Research 62, no. 3 (May–June 2014): 524–534.
- March 1984 (Revised November 2001)
- Case
Decline of the Dollar, The: 1978
Describes the U.S. experience with floating exchange rates between 1973 and 1978, focusing on the rapid decline of the dollar in the summer of 1978. Illustrates the major determinants of the exchange rates and the role of government intervention in the foreign exchange... View Details
Rukstad, Michael G., and Daniel Pope. "Decline of the Dollar, The: 1978." Harvard Business School Case 384-116, March 1984. (Revised November 2001.)
- March 2006 (Revised November 2006)
- Case
China: To Float or Not To Float? (E)- ABB Investment in China
By: Laura Alfaro, Rafael M. Di Tella and Ingrid Vogel
In July 2005, China revalued its currency by 2.1% and adjusted its exchange rate regime toward a more market-based system. ABB, a global power and automation technologies company based out of Switzerland with operations in China, was among those companies confronted... View Details
Keywords: Currency Exchange Rate; Investment; Multinational Firms and Management; International Relations; Problems and Challenges; Value Creation; China; Switzerland
Alfaro, Laura, Rafael M. Di Tella, and Ingrid Vogel. "China: To Float or Not To Float? (E)- ABB Investment in China." Harvard Business School Case 706-035, March 2006. (Revised November 2006.)
- January 1989 (Revised July 1991)
- Case
Bank for International Development, Software Case
By: W. Carl Kester and Timothy A. Luehrman
A hypothetical case in which an assistant treasurer of a supranational bank is asked to determine in which currencies it has been cheaper ex post to borrow. An integral part of the case is a Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet containing monthly data on yen and dollar interest... View Details
Keywords: Decisions; Interest Rates; International Finance; Relationships; Currency; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Analytics and Data Science; Inflation and Deflation
Kester, W. Carl, and Timothy A. Luehrman. "Bank for International Development, Software Case." Harvard Business School Case 289-034, January 1989. (Revised July 1991.)
- December 2013 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
Breaking Bad (the Rules): Argentina Defaults, Inflates (and Grows), 1997–2015
By: Rafael Di Tella and Fernanda Miguel
In late October 2011, after losing 1 billion of dollar reserves in one month, the Argentine government began imposing a series of currency controls, limiting the ability to buy foreign currency. As of October 2011, Argentina's tax collection agency AFIP had been... View Details
Di Tella, Rafael, and Fernanda Miguel. "Breaking Bad (the Rules): Argentina Defaults, Inflates (and Grows), 1997–2015." Harvard Business School Case 714-036, December 2013. (Revised March 2024.)
- March 2006 (Revised April 2010)
- Case
China: To Float or Not To Float? (A)
By: Laura Alfaro, Rafael M. Di Tella and Ingrid Vogel
On July 21, 2005 China revalued its decade-long quasi-fixed exchange rate of approximately 8.28 yuan per U.S. dollar by 2.1% to 8.11 and, at the same time, introduced a more market-based exchange rate system. Many analysts and economists were disappointed with what... View Details
Keywords: Macroeconomics; Trade; Currency Exchange Rate; Governance Controls; Policy; Growth and Development Strategy; China
Alfaro, Laura, Rafael M. Di Tella, and Ingrid Vogel. "China: To Float or Not To Float? (A)." Harvard Business School Case 706-021, March 2006. (Revised April 2010.)
- June 2003 (Revised January 2004)
- Case
The Euro-Dollar Decision (A)
By: Huw Pill, John C. Kelleher, Michael T. Nally and David Schlendorf
Explores the factors that determine floating exchange rates in the context of the introduction of the euro in January 1999. View Details
Pill, Huw, John C. Kelleher, Michael T. Nally, and David Schlendorf. "The Euro-Dollar Decision (A)." Harvard Business School Case 703-071, June 2003. (Revised January 2004.)
- August 2010 (Revised February 2012)
- Case
Cosmeticos de Espana, S.A. (A)
By: David F. Hawkins
Management must decide which exchange rate to use to consolidate the company's Venezuelan subsidiary. View Details
Keywords: Financial Statements; Business Subsidiaries; Inflation and Deflation; Currency Exchange Rate; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Spain; Venezuela
Hawkins, David F. "Cosmeticos de Espana, S.A. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 111-019, August 2010. (Revised February 2012.)
- June 12, 2017
- Article
Corporate Balance Sheets in Emerging Markets: A Comparison of the Global Crisis and the Asian Financial Crisis
By: Laura Alfaro, Gonzalo Asis, Anusha Chari and Ugo Panizza
Leverage levels in emerging market firms rose dramatically in the aftermath of the Global Crisis. This column examines whether concerns of a repeat of the Asian financial crisis, which was largely attributed to corporate financial roots, are justified. While firm... View Details
Alfaro, Laura, Gonzalo Asis, Anusha Chari, and Ugo Panizza. "Corporate Balance Sheets in Emerging Markets: A Comparison of the Global Crisis and the Asian Financial Crisis." Vox, CEPR Policy Portal (June 12, 2017).
- February 1988 (Revised November 1994)
- Background Note
Note on Fundamental Parity Conditions
By: W. Carl Kester and Richard P. Melnick
Provides a simple framework for analyzing expected exchange rate movements. Basic parity and equilibrium conditions are presented including purchasing power parity, forward parity, interest rate parity, the domestic Fisher effect, and the international Fisher effect... View Details
Kester, W. Carl, and Richard P. Melnick. "Note on Fundamental Parity Conditions." Harvard Business School Background Note 288-016, February 1988. (Revised November 1994.)
- March 2011 (Revised February 2012)
- Supplement
Cosmeticos de Espana, S.A. (E)
By: David F. Hawkins
Spanish parent company must decide on the Euro/BsF exchange rate to translate its Venezuelan subsidiary's financial statements into Euros. View Details
Keywords: Financial Statements; Business Subsidiaries; Decision Choices and Conditions; Currency Exchange Rate; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Spain; Venezuela
Hawkins, David F. "Cosmeticos de Espana, S.A. (E)." Harvard Business School Supplement 111-119, March 2011. (Revised February 2012.)
- December 2020
- Article
Monetary Policy and Global Banking
By: Falk Bräuning and Victoria Ivashina
When central banks adjust interest rates, the opportunity cost of lending in local currency changes, but—in absence of frictions—there is no spillover effect to lending in other currencies. However, when equity capital is limited, global banks must benchmark domestic... View Details
Keywords: Global Banks; Monetary Policy Transmission; Cross-border Lending; Banks and Banking; Financial Markets; Global Range
Bräuning, Falk, and Victoria Ivashina. "Monetary Policy and Global Banking." Journal of Finance 75, no. 6 (December 2020): 3055–3095.
- 2009
- Working Paper
The End of Chimerica
By: Niall Ferguson and Moritz Schularick
For the better part of the past decade, the world economy has been dominated by a world economic order that combined Chinese export-led development with US over-consumption. The financial crisis of 2007-2009 likely marks the beginning of the end of the Chimerican... View Details
Keywords: History; Globalized Economies and Regions; Currency Exchange Rate; Economic Growth; Trade; Financial Crisis; China; United States
Ferguson, Niall, and Moritz Schularick. "The End of Chimerica." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-037, November 2009.
- April 1988 (Revised May 1992)
- Case
Gaz de France
By: W. Carl Kester
The treasurer of Gaz de France is an aggressive, proactive manager of his company's liability structure, running one of the largest swap books of any non-financial corporation in the world. Currency futures, interbank forwards, and currency options are also frequently... View Details
Keywords: Decisions; Borrowing and Debt; Currency Exchange Rate; Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Policy; Management; Organizational Structure; Energy Industry; Europe
Kester, W. Carl. "Gaz de France." Harvard Business School Case 288-030, April 1988. (Revised May 1992.)
- October 1989 (Revised May 1990)
- Case
Jaguar plc--1984
By: Timothy A. Luehrman and William Schiano
A vehicle for analyzing the exposure of operating cash flows to exchange rate changes. Considers the value of Jaguar plc at the time of its privatization and share offering in 1984. Jaguar is a major exporter from the United Kingdom and the United States is therefore... View Details
Keywords: Change; Cash Flow; Currency Exchange Rate; Risk Management; Privatization; Valuation; Auto Industry; United Kingdom; United States
Luehrman, Timothy A., and William Schiano. "Jaguar plc--1984." Harvard Business School Case 290-005, October 1989. (Revised May 1990.)
- September 1987 (Revised November 1992)
- Background Note
Note on Transaction and Translation Exposure
By: W. Carl Kester and Richard P. Melnick
Describes the transaction and translation exposures that companies doing business internationally face when foreign exchange rates change. Also discusses how to measure and cover both types of exposure. Covering techniques are demonstrated using examples of forward... View Details
Kester, W. Carl, and Richard P. Melnick. "Note on Transaction and Translation Exposure." Harvard Business School Background Note 288-017, September 1987. (Revised November 1992.)
- April 2011 (Revised December 2017)
- Case
Latvia: Navigating the Strait of Messina
By: Rafael Di Tella, Rawi Abdelal and Natalie Kindred
This case describes Latvia's transition from a Soviet republic into an EU member, its economic boom and subsequent bust in 2008, and its policy response. After implementing significant economic and political reforms in order to qualify for EU membership in 2004, Latvia... View Details
Keywords: Currency Exchange Rate; Competitive Strategy; Economic Growth; Policy; Financial Crisis; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Latvia
Di Tella, Rafael, Rawi Abdelal, and Natalie Kindred. "Latvia: Navigating the Strait of Messina." Harvard Business School Case 711-053, April 2011. (Revised December 2017.)
- March 1992 (Revised December 1992)
- Case
Harley-Davidson, Inc.--1987
By: W. Carl Kester and Julia Morley
After an LBO and near bankruptcy in the early 1980s, Harley-Davidson makes an astonishing recovery, going public in 1986. Its listing on the New York Stock Exchange in 1987 provides the occasion of an equity analyst to publish a research report in which she must issue... View Details
Keywords: Leveraged Buyouts; Currency Exchange Rate; Reports; Crisis Management; Going Public; Research; Competition; Auto Industry; Japan; New York (city, NY)
Kester, W. Carl, and Julia Morley. "Harley-Davidson, Inc.--1987." Harvard Business School Case 292-082, March 1992. (Revised December 1992.)
- September 2008
- Case
Samoa Tala
By: Joshua D. Coval, Bhagwan Chowdhry and Konark Saxena
This case examines currency risks faced by Microfinance Institutions, and evaluates strategies to hedge them in countries with pegged currency regimes and no derivatives markets. An MFI based in Western Samoa borrows in different currencies like the US dollar and the... View Details
Keywords: Cash Flow; Currency Exchange Rate; Microfinance; Risk and Uncertainty; Financial Services Industry; Samoa
Coval, Joshua D., Bhagwan Chowdhry, and Konark Saxena. "Samoa Tala." Harvard Business School Case 209-053, September 2008.
- January 1990 (Revised March 1994)
- Case
Royal Ahold NV
By: Richard F. Meyer
Contains a general description of a large international retailer. Focus is on the major financial risks facing the company: exchange rate risk and commodity price risk. This case is an introduction to financial risk management. It poses some of the major problem areas. View Details
Keywords: Risk Management; Currency Exchange Rate; Futures and Commodity Futures; Trade; Distribution; Financial Services Industry
Meyer, Richard F. "Royal Ahold NV." Harvard Business School Case 190-113, January 1990. (Revised March 1994.)