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- All HBS Web
(590)
- News (55)
- Research (448)
- Events (4)
- Multimedia (7)
- Faculty Publications (312)
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- June 2012
- Article
Managing Risks: A New Framework
By: Robert S. Kaplan and Anette Mikes
Risk management is too often treated as a compliance issue that can be solved by drawing up lots of rules and making sure that all employees follow them. Many such rules, of course, are sensible and do reduce some risks that could severely damage a company. But... View Details
Keywords: Risk Management; Governance Controls; Corporate Strategy; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Framework
Kaplan, Robert S., and Anette Mikes. "Managing Risks: A New Framework." Harvard Business Review 90, no. 6 (June 2012).
- September 2010
- Article
Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment
By: Jodi L. Short and Michael W. Toffel
Using data from a sample of U.S. industrial facilities subject to the federal Clean Air Act from 1993 to 2003, this article theorizes and tests the conditions under which organizations' symbolic commitments to self-regulate are particularly likely to result in improved... View Details
Keywords: Adoption; Code Law; Environmental Sustainability; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Organizations; Governance Compliance; Strategy; Motivation and Incentives; United States
Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment." Administrative Science Quarterly 55, no. 3 (September 2010): 361–396. (Lead article; Featured in the Stanford Social Innovation Review (Summer 2011) and in Behind the scenes of the Administrative Science Quarterly.)
- May 2023
- Case
CMA CGM: Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Container Shipping
By: Willy C. Shih and Emilie Billaud
Marine transport is the most cost-effective way to move large volumes over long distances, and container shipping is the backbone of international trade in goods. Yet shipping contributed 3% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions, and the deep-sea segment, which... View Details
Keywords: Container Shipping; Logistic Regression; Trade Links; Decarbonization; Environmental Strategies; Environmental Impact; Globalization; Trade; Environmental Regulation; Logistics; Supply Chain; Governance Compliance; Shipping Industry; European Union; Asia; North America
Shih, Willy C., and Emilie Billaud. "CMA CGM: Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Container Shipping." Harvard Business School Case 623-006, May 2023.
- September 2011 (Revised August 2013)
- Case
China or the World? A Financial Reporting Strategy for Hong Kong's Capital Markets
By: Karthik Ramanna, Gwen Yu and G.A. Donovan
Set in 2010, the case discusses the strategic directions Hong Kong could pursue, particularly vis-a-vis China, as it seeks to preserve its preeminence in the region. In 2010, the Hong Kong Exchange announced that it would allow listed Chinese companies to report using... View Details
Keywords: Governance Compliance; Global Range; Local Range; Competitive Strategy; Global Strategy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Financial Reporting; International Accounting; Hong Kong
Ramanna, Karthik, Gwen Yu, and G.A. Donovan. "China or the World? A Financial Reporting Strategy for Hong Kong's Capital Markets." Harvard Business School Case 112-035, September 2011. (Revised August 2013.)
- 2025
- Working Paper
Narrative AI and the Human-AI Oversight Paradox in Evaluating Early-Stage Innovations
By: Jacqueline N. Lane, Léonard Boussioux, Charles Ayoubi, Ying Hao Chen, Camila Lin, Rebecca Spens, Pooja Wagh and Pei-Hsin Wang
Do AI-generated narrative explanations enhance human oversight or diminish it? We investigate this question through a field experiment with 228 evaluators screening 48 early-stage innovations under three conditions: human-only, black-box AI recommendations without... View Details
Lane, Jacqueline N., Léonard Boussioux, Charles Ayoubi, Ying Hao Chen, Camila Lin, Rebecca Spens, Pooja Wagh, and Pei-Hsin Wang. "Narrative AI and the Human-AI Oversight Paradox in Evaluating Early-Stage Innovations." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 25-001, August 2024. (Revised May 2025.)
- October 2022
- Case
Ethena: A Go-to-Market Dilemma
By: Rembrand Koning and Stacy Straaberg
In November 2021, Roxanne Petraeus and Anne Solmssen, founders of Brooklyn-based software-as-a-service (SaaS) startup Ethena, were looking to expand their compliance training business. The founders hired Arnie Gullov-Singh, an outside revenue consultant, to advise on... View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Judgments; Growth and Development Strategy; Business or Company Management; Business Strategy; Expansion; Segmentation; Technology Industry; United States; New York (state, US)
Koning, Rembrand, and Stacy Straaberg. "Ethena: A Go-to-Market Dilemma." Harvard Business School Case 723-363, October 2022.
- November 2010 (Revised February 2013)
- Case
Energy Security in Europe (A): Nord Stream
By: Rawi E. Abdelal and Sogomon Tarontsi
Russian and German energy firms initiated the Nord Stream natural gas pipeline project with strong political support from their home governments but encountered resistance from other states. Although the pipeline would connect Russia with Germany directly, the project... View Details
Keywords: Non-Renewable Energy; Leadership; Distribution; Business and Government Relations; Conflict and Resolution; Energy Industry; Russia; European Union; Germany
Abdelal, Rawi E., and Sogomon Tarontsi. "Energy Security in Europe (A): Nord Stream." Harvard Business School Case 711-026, November 2010. (Revised February 2013.)
- 2016
- Chapter
Ignore, Avoid, Abandon, and Embrace: What Drives Firm Responses to Environmental Regulation?
By: David F. Drake and Robin L. Just
A regulator's ability to incentivize environmental improvement among firms is vital in achieving long-term sustainability. However, firms can and do respond to environmental regulation in a variety of ways: complying with its intent; avoiding the regulation by... View Details
Keywords: Sustainability; Environmental Operations; Regulation; Cost vs Benefits; For-Profit Firms; Operations; Environmental Sustainability
Drake, David F., and Robin L. Just. "Ignore, Avoid, Abandon, and Embrace: What Drives Firm Responses to Environmental Regulation?" In Environmentally Responsible Supply Chains, edited by Atalay Atasu. New York: Springer, 2016.
- March 2023
- Case
Roche: ESG and Access to Healthcare
By: George Serafeim, Susanna Gallani and Benjamin Maletta
In May 2022, Roche Group, one of the largest healthcare companies in the world, hosted its first ESG investor event focused exclusively on its efforts to impact access to healthcare. While Roche had recently set an ambitious goal to double the number of patients that... View Details
Keywords: ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Sustainable Finance; Growth Strategy And Execution; Sustainability Targets; Impact Evaluation; Healthcare Access; Healthcare Innovation; Healthcare Systems; Healthcare Operations; Finance; Strategy; Health Testing and Trials; Health Care and Treatment; Growth Management; Measurement and Metrics; Innovation Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Health Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Switzerland; North America; Europe; Asia; Latin America; Africa
Serafeim, George, Susanna Gallani, and Benjamin Maletta. "Roche: ESG and Access to Healthcare." Harvard Business School Case 123-075, March 2023.
- 2025
- Working Paper
Enhancing Treatment Effect Prediction on Privacy-Protected Data: An Honest Post-Processing Approach
By: Ta-Wei Huang and Eva Ascarza
As firms increasingly rely on customer data for personalization, concerns over privacy and regulatory compliance have grown. Local Differential Privacy (LDP) offers strong individual-level protection by injecting noise into data before collection. While... View Details
Keywords: Targeted Intervention; Conditional Average Treatment Effect Estimation; Differential Privacy; Honest Estimation; Post-processing; Analytics and Data Science; Consumer Behavior; Marketing
Huang, Ta-Wei, and Eva Ascarza. "Enhancing Treatment Effect Prediction on Privacy-Protected Data: An Honest Post-Processing Approach." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-034, December 2023. (Revised March 2025.)
- 2022
- Book
Business Ethics: What Everyone Needs to Know
By: J.S. Nelson and Lynn A. Stout
An authoritative and practical guide to business ethics, written in an accessible question-and-answer format. In today's turbulent business climate, business ethics are more important than ever. Surveys of employees show that misconduct is on the rise. Cover stories... View Details
Nelson, J.S., and Lynn A. Stout. Business Ethics: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York: Oxford University Press, 2022.
- December 2024
- Article
Human Bias in the Oversight of Firms: Evidence from Workplace Safety Violations
By: Jonas Heese, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos and Andreya Pérez Silva
We study the effects of mood as a source of human bias on regulators’ oversight and enforcement decisions. We use weather at facilities at the time of an OSHA inspection to proxy for the OSHA compliance officers’ mood. We find that during periods of good mood due to... View Details
Keywords: Prejudice and Bias; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Happiness; Working Conditions; Safety
Heese, Jonas, Gerardo Pérez Cavazos, and Andreya Pérez Silva. "Human Bias in the Oversight of Firms: Evidence from Workplace Safety Violations." Review of Accounting Studies 29, no. 4 (December 2024): 3413–3448.
- June 2021
- Article
Does the Freedom of Information Act Foil the Securities and Exchange Commission's Intent to Keep Investigations Confidential?
By: Braiden Coleman, Kenneth Merkley, Brian Miller and Joseph Pacelli
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has a long-standing policy to keep formal investigations confidential. In this study, we examine the extent to which compliance with the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) provides investors with information about ongoing SEC... View Details
Keywords: Securities And Exchange Commission (SEC) Investigations; Freedom Of Information Act (FOIA); Exemption Denials
Coleman, Braiden, Kenneth Merkley, Brian Miller, and Joseph Pacelli. "Does the Freedom of Information Act Foil the Securities and Exchange Commission's Intent to Keep Investigations Confidential?" Management Science 67, no. 6 (June 2021).
- 10 Jun 2008
- First Look
First Look: June 10, 2008
in abnormal events resulting in toxic pollution, and that regulators reduced their scrutiny over self-policing facilities. Upon closer examination, we find strong evidence of these effects among facilities with clean past compliance... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- September 2023
- Supplement
CMA CGM: Reducing the Carbon Footprint of Container Shipping
By: Willy Shih
Marine transport is the most cost-effective way to move large volumes over long distances, and container shipping is the backbone of international trade in goods. Yet shipping contributed 3% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions, and the deep-sea segment, which... View Details
- 11 Mar 2010
- Working Paper Summaries
The Many Faces of Nonprofit Accountability
Keywords: by Alnoor Ebrahim
- winter 1985
- Article
The Nonpecuniary Costs of Automobile Emissions Standards
By: Timothy F. Bresnahan and Dennis Yao
An important component of the costs of automotive air-pollution control has been nonpecuniary: a decline in vehicle performance characteristics. This regulatory impact on what the auto industry calls "drivability" has never been quantified, although there is... View Details
Bresnahan, Timothy F., and Dennis Yao. "The Nonpecuniary Costs of Automobile Emissions Standards." RAND Journal of Economics 16, no. 4 (winter 1985): 437–455. ((reprinted in W. Harrington and V. McConnell (eds.) Controlling Automobile Air Pollution, 2007)
Harvard users click here for full text.)
- June 2019 (Revised July 2019)
- Case
Building a Meritocracy at Alghanim Industries
By: Paul M. Healy, Susanna Gallani and Esel Çekin
Building on his father’s legacy, Omar Alghanim (MBA 2002) had been working on strengthening a performance-driven culture based on meritocracy in the family business, Alghanim Industries. The task had been particularly challenging because of traditional Middle East... View Details
Keywords: Meritocracy; Social Norms; Family Business; Organizational Culture; Performance; Diversity; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Middle East; Kuwait
Healy, Paul M., Susanna Gallani, and Esel Çekin. "Building a Meritocracy at Alghanim Industries." Harvard Business School Case 119-019, June 2019. (Revised July 2019.)
- 2000
- Chapter
Anticipating Greener Supply Chain Demands: One Singapore Company's Journey to ISO 14001
One major benefit of Jebsen & Jessen Packaging Pte Ltd (JJPS’s) implementation of ISO 14001 is that it acquired a third-party 'seal of approval' that will be used in its marketing efforts to meet the growing environmental concern of its customers within the electronics... View Details
Keywords: Supply Chain Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Standards; Environmental Sustainability; Singapore
Toffel, Michael W. "Anticipating Greener Supply Chain Demands: One Singapore Company's Journey to ISO 14001." Chap. 16 in ISO 14001 Case Studies and Practical Experiences, edited by Ruth Hillary, 182–199. Sheffield, U.K.: Greenleaf Publishing, 2000.
- September 2018
- Article
Rumors and Refugees: How Government-Created Information Vacuums Undermine Effective Crisis Management
By: Melissa Carlson, Laura Jakli and Katerina Linos
Although more than 800,000 displaced people arrived in Greece by sea in 2015, fewer than 5 percent applied for asylum in this first country of arrival. Instead, they either traveled northward informally or remained in Greece in legal limbo. The resultant chaotic... View Details
Keywords: Refugees; Governance Compliance; Knowledge Dissemination; Policy; Crisis Management; Communication; Greece
Carlson, Melissa, Laura Jakli, and Katerina Linos. "Rumors and Refugees: How Government-Created Information Vacuums Undermine Effective Crisis Management." International Studies Quarterly 62, no. 3 (September 2018): 671–685.