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  • November 1999 (Revised June 2002)
  • Case

Debate Over Unbundling General Motors: The Delphi Divestiture and Other Possible Transactions, The

By: Malcolm S. Salter
Ever since General Motors (GM) announced in February 1997 its intention to divest Delphi Automotive Systems--its upstream parts manufacturing operations--Wall Street had called for further unbundling, and various stakeholders competed for their claim of value... View Details
Keywords: Valuation; Supply Chain; Vertical Integration; Corporate Strategy; Corporate Governance; Auto Industry; United States
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  • Web

HBS - The year in Review

recognized by MBA students for their excellence and dedication with Faculty Teaching Award honors. Tony Mayo, Sophus Reinert, and Charlotte Robertson were acknowledged for their profound impact within and outside of the required... View Details
  • 2000
  • Other Unpublished Work

Career Concerns and Staged Investment: Evidence from the Venture Capital Industry

By: Malcolm Baker
I develop a model in which career concerns lead to inefficient reinvestment decisions. Managers have incentives to inflate interim returns by continuing bad projects and delaying write-offs. In the venture capital industry, the syndication of follow-on investments can... View Details
Keywords: Performance Efficiency; Valuation; Venture Capital; Investment; Decisions; Motivation and Incentives; Quality
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  • 1999
  • Other Unpublished Work

Executive Ownership and Control in Newly Public Firms: The Role of Venture Capitalists

By: Malcolm Baker and Paul Gompers
We study the implications of CEO equity ownership for incentives and control in a sample of 1,011 newly public firms. Before an initial public offering, equity investments by venture capitalists reduce CEO ownership by about half, from an average of 35 percent to 19... View Details
Keywords: Equity; Ownership; Motivation and Incentives; Initial Public Offering; Investment; Venture Capital; Managerial Roles; Cost Management; Governance Controls; Executive Compensation
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  • 2022
  • Working Paper

How Do Investors Value ESG?

By: Malcolm Baker, Mark Egan and Suproteem K. Sarkar
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) objectives have risen to near the top of the agenda for corporate executives and boards, driven in large part by their perceptions of shareholder interest. We quantify the value that shareholders place on ESG using a revealed... View Details
Keywords: Investment; Investment Portfolio; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Shareholder Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Governance; Financial Services Industry; United States
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  • 04 Dec 2008
  • News

Since Enron, Little Has Changed

  • 2012
  • Working Paper

How Short-Termism Invites Corruption—And What to Do About It

By: Malcolm S. Salter

Researchers and business leaders have long decried short-termism: the excessive focus of executives of publicly traded companies-along with fund managers and other investors-on short-term results. The central concern is that short-termism discourages long-term... View Details

Keywords: Business and Shareholder Relations; Public Ownership; Performance Expectations; Economy; Crime and Corruption; Ethics; Trust; Financial Services Industry; United States
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  • Web

Finance Awards & Honors - Faculty & Research

Jane Li, and Ioana Neamtu. 2024 Elisabeth Kempf : Winner of the 2024 Second Place Jensen Prize for the best paper published by the Journal of Financial Economics in the Areas of Corporate Finance and Organizations for "Political Ideology... View Details
  • July 1993 (Revised September 1995)
  • Case

Block 16: Conoco's "Green" Oil Strategy (A)

By: Malcolm S. Salter and Susan E.A. Hall
Conoco's attempted to win an oil development contract in Ecuador's tropical rain forest. The case discusses government perspectives, environmental perspectives, and indigenous people's perspectives. Allows role playing in a "negotiating forum" set up by Conoco to get... View Details
Keywords: Governance; Contracts; Growth and Development Strategy; Negotiation; Practice; Business and Community Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Perspective; Culture; Corporate Strategy; Latin America
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  • 2019
  • Working Paper

Rehabilitating Corporate Purpose

By: Malcolm S. Salter
In this paper, I address how the ascendance of the theory of shareholder value maximization into the central consciousness of public corporations and its canonization as the only legitimate expression of corporate purpose has contributed to both a widening breach... View Details
Keywords: Capitalism; Justice; Corporate Purpose; Shareholder Value Maximization; Ethical Reciprocity; Economic Systems; Business Ventures; Mission and Purpose; Ethics; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
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  • Web

Advisory Board - Entrepreneurship

opportunities. He graduated from Kenyon College, has one daughter, and lives in Wellesley, MA. Marla Malcolm Beck (MBA 1998), Bluemercury Marla Malcolm Beck is the co-founder and CEO of Bluemercury Inc., a... View Details
  • Web

Research - Behavioral Finance & Financial Stability

Research Research Invisible Primes: Fintech Lending with Alternative Data By: Marco Di Maggio , Dimuthu Ratnadiwakara & Don Carmichael MAR 2022 Will the use of alternative data to assess borrowers’ creditworthiness result in broader credit access? Using administrative... View Details
  • April 2002
  • Article

Limited Arbitrage in Mergers and Acquisitions

By: Malcolm Baker and Serkan Savasoglu
A diversified portfolio of risk arbitrage positions produces an abnormal return of 0.6-0.9% per month over the period from 1981 to 1996. We trace these profits to practical limits on risk arbitrage. In our model of risk arbitrage, arbitrageurs' risk-bearing capacity... View Details
Keywords: Arbitrage; Market Efficiency; Mergers and Acquisitions; Profit; Risk and Uncertainty; Corporate Strategy; Capital; Banking Industry
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  • 2007
  • Working Paper

Investor Sentiment in the Stock Market

By: Malcolm Baker and Jeffrey Wurgler
Real investors and markets are too complicated to be neatly summarized by a few selected biases and trading frictions. The "top down" approach to behavioral finance focuses on the measurement of reduced form, aggregate sentiment and traces its effects to stock returns.... View Details
Keywords: Investment; Markets; Behavioral Finance; Stocks
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  • Article

Raising Capital Requirements: At What Cost?

By: Malcolm Baker and Jeffrey Wurgler
Since the financial crisis, bank capital positions have improved considerably. However, calls for heightened capital requirements have not abated. Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke, Vice Chair Janet Yellen, and governors Daniel Tarullo and Jeremy Stein have all... View Details
Keywords: Laws and Statutes; Capital; Banks and Banking; Banking Industry
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  • October 2001 (Revised January 2002)
  • Case

OAO YUKOS Oil Company

By: Malcolm S. Salter and Joshua N. Rosenbaum
This case presents the history and current position of Russia's second-largest oil company, YUKOS, as it seeks listing on the NYSE as an ADR and attempts to rid itself from a punishing "governance discount" by the capital markets. This is a company with a history of... View Details
Keywords: Stocks; Capital Markets; Corporate Governance; Developing Countries and Economies; Energy Sources; Energy Industry; Russia
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  • October 2003
  • Article

The Determinants of Board Structure at the Initial Public Offering

By: Malcolm Baker and Paul Gompers
This paper describes board size and composition and investigates the role of venture capital in a sample of 1,116 firms' initial public offerings. First, firms backed by venture capital have fewer insider and instrumental directors and more independent... View Details
Keywords: Governing and Advisory Boards; Venture Capital; Initial Public Offering; Managerial Roles; Power and Influence
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  • 05 Oct 2010
  • First Look

First Look: October 5, 2010

accounting "reliability." Broadly, the evidence, by highlighting the influence of standard setters, can broaden our understanding of the political economy of standard setting beyond the role of corporate lobbying. Download the... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • June 2004
  • Article

Market Liquidity as a Sentiment Indicator

By: Malcolm Baker and Jeremy Stein
We build a model that helps to explain why increases in liquidity-such as lower bid-ask spreads, a lower price impact of trade, or higher turnover-predict lower subsequent returns in both firm-level and aggregate data. The model features a class of irrational... View Details
Keywords: Markets; Financial Liquidity; Price; Trade; Sales; Equity; Information; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Accounting Industry
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  • 2002
  • Other Unpublished Work

Market Liquidity as a Sentiment Indicator

By: Malcolm Baker and Jeremy Stein
We build a model that helps to explain why increases in liquidity—such as lower bid–ask spreads, a lower price impact of trade, or higher turnover—predict lower subsequent returns in both firm-level and aggregate data. The model features a class of irrational... View Details
Keywords: Price; Financial Liquidity; Trade; Valuation; Markets; Forecasting and Prediction; Equity; Stock Shares; Investment Return
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