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    • All HBS Web  (525)
      • Faculty Publications  (127)

      SubstitutabilityRemove Substitutability →

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      • July 28, 2004
      • Article

      Generic Dispensing and Substitution in Mail and Retail Pharmacies

      By: Marta Wosinska and Robert S. Huckman
      Keywords: Health; Sales; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Wosinska, Marta, and Robert S. Huckman. "Generic Dispensing and Substitution in Mail and Retail Pharmacies." Health Affairs (July 28, 2004): W4–409 – W4–416.
      • Article

      Contracting in a Supply Chain with Stochastic Demand and Substitute Products

      By: Santiago Kraiselburd, V.G. Narayanan and Ananth Raman
      Keywords: Supply Chain; Product
      Citation
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      Kraiselburd, Santiago, V.G. Narayanan, and Ananth Raman. "Contracting in a Supply Chain with Stochastic Demand and Substitute Products." Production and Operations Management 13, no. 1 (March 2004).
      • March 2003
      • Article

      Technological Development and Medical Productivity: The Diffusion of Angioplasty in New York State

      By: David M. Cutler and Robert S. Huckman
      A puzzling feature of many medical innovations is that they simultaneously appear to reduce unit costs and increase total costs. We consider this phenomenon by examining the diffusion of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)—a treatment for coronary... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Cost; Health Care and Treatment; Health Disorders; Performance Improvement; Product; New York (state, US)
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      Cutler, David M., and Robert S. Huckman. "Technological Development and Medical Productivity: The Diffusion of Angioplasty in New York State." Journal of Health Economics 22, no. 2 (March 2003): 187–217.
      • Article

      On the Political Economy of Temporary Stabilization Programs

      By: Laura Alfaro
      This paper provides a political economy explanation for temporary exchange-rate-based stabilization programs by focusing on the distributional effects of real exchange-rate appreciation. I propose an economy in which agents are endowed with either tradable or... View Details
      Keywords: Government and Politics; Economy; Balance and Stability; Programs; Currency Exchange Rate; Cash; Value; Distribution
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      Alfaro, Laura. "On the Political Economy of Temporary Stabilization Programs." Economics & Politics 14, no. 2 (July 2002): 133–161.
      • 2000
      • Working Paper

      Unemployment Benefits as a Substitute for a Conservative Central Banker

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
      Citation
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Unemployment Benefits as a Substitute for a Conservative Central Banker." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 00-094, June 2000.
      • 1999
      • Other Unpublished Work

      Estimating Industry Multiples

      By: Malcolm Baker and R. S. Ruback
      We analyze industry multiples for the S&P 500 in 1995. We use Gibbs sampling to estimate simultaneously the error specification and small sample minimum variance multiples for 22 industries. In addition, we consider the performance of four common multiples: the simple... View Details
      Keywords: Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Performance; Mathematical Methods
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      Baker, Malcolm, and R. S. Ruback. "Estimating Industry Multiples." 1999.
      • 1999
      • Working Paper

      The Value of Modularity Splitting and Substitution

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Kim Clark
      Citation
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Kim Clark. "The Value of Modularity Splitting and Substitution." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 98-087, January 1999.
      • 1996
      • Working Paper

      The Value of Modularity -- Splitting and Substitution - Chapter 7

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin and Kim Clark
      Citation
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y., and Kim Clark. "The Value of Modularity -- Splitting and Substitution - Chapter 7." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 97-039, November 1996.
      • April 1994 (Revised March 1995)
      • Case

      China (C): Energy and the Environment

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor
      Describes energy and environmental policy in China during the period 1980-1993. China has implemented ambitious plans for electrification and the substitution of fossil fuels (mostly coal) for biomass. The environmental consequences of these changes, at the local and... View Details
      Keywords: Energy Generation; Environmental Sustainability; Policy; Pollutants; Climate Change; Business and Government Relations; Globalization; Energy Industry; China
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      Vietor, Richard H.K. "China (C): Energy and the Environment." Harvard Business School Case 794-134, April 1994. (Revised March 1995.)
      • February 1993 (Revised March 2003)
      • Case

      India (A)

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor, Waleed J. Iskandar and Max L. Weston
      Outlines India's import substitution strategy and its planned development process. The effects of the difficult political and social context on economic development are analyzed. The failure of the system to achieve sustainable growth and improvement leads to attempts... View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Ethnicity; Development Economics; Trade; Economic Growth; Policy; Government and Politics; India
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      Vietor, Richard H.K., Waleed J. Iskandar, and Max L. Weston. "India (A)." Harvard Business School Case 793-112, February 1993. (Revised March 2003.)
      • December 1992 (Revised September 1995)
      • Exercise

      Negotiation Exercise on Tradeable Pollution Allowances: General Background Information

      By: Willis M. Emmons III
      Designed to teach students about the trade-offs faced by firms exploring alternative approaches to complying with pollution control regulations. The setting is the U.S. electric utility industry in 1993. In accordance with the provisions of the 1990 Clean Air Act,... View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation; Pollutants; Laws and Statutes; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Governance Compliance; Utilities Industry; United States
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      Emmons, Willis M., III. "Negotiation Exercise on Tradeable Pollution Allowances: General Background Information." Harvard Business School Exercise 793-072, December 1992. (Revised September 1995.)
      • Article

      Renegotiation and the Form of Efficient Contracts

      By: Jerry R. Green and J. J. Laffont
      Two parties may agree to a mutually binding contract that will govern their behavior after an uncertain event becomes known. As there is no agent who can both observe this uncertain outcome and enforce the contract, contingent agreements are precluded. However, the... View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation; Contracts
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      Green, Jerry R., and J. J. Laffont. "Renegotiation and the Form of Efficient Contracts." Annales d'économie et de statistique, nos. 25-26 (January–June 1992): 123–150.
      • February 1992 (Revised September 1995)
      • Case

      Goldman, Sachs & Co.: Nikkei Put Warrants--1989

      By: Peter Tufano
      Japanese financial institutions' willingness to sell put options on the Nikkei Stock Average provides investment banks with the raw material from which to create a security that would allow U.S. investors to bet on falls in the Japanese Stock Market. The investment... View Details
      Keywords: Debt Securities; Investment Banking; Product Design; Globalized Markets and Industries; Japan; United States
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      Tufano, Peter. "Goldman, Sachs & Co.: Nikkei Put Warrants--1989." Harvard Business School Case 292-113, February 1992. (Revised September 1995.)
      • January 1989 (Revised March 1995)
      • Case

      Du Pont Freon Products Division (A)

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Forest L. Reinhardt
      In 1988, the Du Pont Co. is abruptly confronted with solid scientific evidence that chlorofluorocarbons are destroying the earth's ozone shield. Du Pont, with its Freon brand product line serving markets for foam insulation, electronics solvents, and especially... View Details
      Keywords: Business Divisions; Policy; Management; Brands and Branding; Production; Service Operations; Natural Environment; Competition; Corporate Strategy; Environmental Sustainability
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      Vietor, Richard H.K., and Forest L. Reinhardt. "Du Pont Freon Products Division (A)." Harvard Business School Case 389-111, January 1989. (Revised March 1995.)
      • March–April 1979
      • Article

      How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy

      By: M. E. Porter
      Many factors determine the nature of competition, including not only rivals, but also the economics of particular industries, new entrants, the bargaining power of customers and suppliers, and the threat of substitute services or products. A strategic plan of action... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Strategy
      Citation
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      Porter, M. E. "How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy." Harvard Business Review 57, no. 2 (March–April 1979): 137–145.
      • 1978
      • Article

      An Incentive Compatible Planning Procedure for Public Good Production

      By: Jerry R. Green and Jean-Jacques Laffont
      It is only recently that economic theorists have faced the fact that the proposed allocation mechanisms in economies with public goods might have bad incentive properties. In this paper we introduce a new planning procedure such that truthful revelation of the marginal... View Details
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      Green, Jerry R., and Jean-Jacques Laffont. "An Incentive Compatible Planning Procedure for Public Good Production." Scandinavian Journal of Economics 80, no. 1 (1978): 20–33.
      • Research Summary

      Governance of Interorganizational Exchange

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      In a series of papers, I examine the antecedents and consequences of governance choices in exchange relations. Using data from the automotive industry, a coauthor and I have examined the dynamics associated with the social and contractual structure of sourcing... View Details
      • Research Summary

      Impact of Technology on Industry Structure and Competitive Strategy

      By: Stephen P. Bradley
      Stephen Bradley’s research has focused for several years on the impact of technology on industry structure and competitive strategy. In particular he has been studying the convergence of information technology and telecommunications and how this convergence is... View Details
      • Forthcoming
      • Article

      Institutional Corporate Bond Pricing

      By: Ishita Sen, Lorenzo Bretscher, Lukas Schmid and Varun Sharma
      We propose an equilibrium corporate bond pricing model that accommodates the heterogeneity in institutional investors' preferences and mandates in an empirically tractable way. Our model, estimated on rich holdings data, quantifies investors' preferences and demand... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Bonds; Demand Systems; Insurance Companies; Mutual Funds; Liquidity; Bonds; Price; Investment Funds
      Citation
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      Sen, Ishita, Lorenzo Bretscher, Lukas Schmid, and Varun Sharma. "Institutional Corporate Bond Pricing." Review of Financial Studies (forthcoming).
      • Research Summary

      Managing Marketspace Service Interfaces

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport

      Jeffrey F. Rayport is focusing on the strategic challenges that face businesses selling information-intensive products and services. A key strategic issue in such businesses is the dematerialization of information-intensive products and services as a consequence of... View Details

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