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      RationalizationRemove Rationalization →

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      • September 2004
      • Article

      Rational Overoptimism (and Other Biases)

      By: Eric J. Van den Steen
      Rational agents with differing priors tend to be overoptimistic about their chances of success. In particular, an agent who tries to choose the action that is most likely to succeed, is more likely to choose an action of which he overestimated, rather than... View Details
      Keywords: Prejudice and Bias; Decision Choices and Conditions; Performance Expectations; Outcome or Result; Opportunities; Risk and Uncertainty; Failure; Success; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Personal Characteristics; Values and Beliefs; Ethics
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      Van den Steen, Eric J. "Rational Overoptimism (and Other Biases)." American Economic Review 94, no. 4 (September 2004): 1141–1151.
      • February 2004
      • Case

      Note on Human Behavior: Reason and Emotion

      By: Nitin Nohria and Bridget Gurtler
      Human beings are driven by reasons and emotions. On the one hand, as rational choice theorists assert, human beings are resourceful and evaluative as they strive to maximize their own interests. An individual's interests can converge or diverge from the interests of... View Details
      Keywords: Behavior; Cognition and Thinking; Emotions; Interests; Organizations; Organizational Design; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Nohria, Nitin, and Bridget Gurtler. "Note on Human Behavior: Reason and Emotion." Harvard Business School Case 404-104, February 2004.
      • October 2003
      • Article

      Capture by Threat

      By: Ernesto Dal Bo and Rafael Di Tella
      We analyze a simple stochastic environment in which policy makers can be threatened by “nasty” interest groups. In the absence of these groups, the policy maker’s desire for reelection guarantees that good policies are implemented for every realization of the shock.... View Details
      Keywords: Political Parties; Politicians; Nash Equilibrium; Political Elections
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      Dal Bo, Ernesto, and Rafael Di Tella. "Capture by Threat." Journal of Political Economy 111, no. 5 (October 2003): 1123–54.
      • July 2003
      • Article

      Probabilistic Representation of Complexity

      By: Nabil I Al-Najjar, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Emre Ozdenoren
      We study individuals' behavior in an environment that is deterministic, but too complex to permit tractable deterministic representation. Under mild conditions, behavior is represented by a unique probabilistic model in which the agent's inability to think through all... View Details
      Keywords: Complexity; Behavior; Problems and Challenges; Risk and Uncertainty; Planning
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      Al-Najjar, Nabil I., Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, and Emre Ozdenoren. "Probabilistic Representation of Complexity." Journal of Economic Theory 111, no. 1 (July 2003): 49–87.
      • April 2003
      • Article

      Toward More Rational CEO Succession

      By: Rakesh Khurana
      Keywords: Management Succession
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      Khurana, Rakesh. "Toward More Rational CEO Succession." Chief Executive 187 (April 2003).
      • 2002
      • Book

      Searching for a Corporate Savior: The Irrational Quest for Charismatic CEOs

      By: Rakesh Khurana
      Corporate CEOs are headline news. Stock prices rise and fall at word of their hiring and firing. Business media debate their merits and defects as if individual leaders determined the health of the economy. Yet we know surprisingly little about how CEOs are selected... View Details
      Keywords: Managerial Roles; Selection and Staffing; Personal Characteristics; Experience and Expertise; Investment Activism; Corporate Strategy
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      Khurana, Rakesh. Searching for a Corporate Savior: The Irrational Quest for Charismatic CEOs. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002.
      • January 2002 (Revised November 2010)
      • Case

      Strategic Planning at NFTE

      By: Allen S. Grossman and Daniel F. Curran
      The National Foundation for Teaching Entrepreneurship (NFTE), is a successful nonprofit poised on the verge of explosive growth. The senior management contracted with McKinsey consultants to help guide the process. The founders of NFTE brought it from a small program... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Structure; Partners and Partnerships; Nonprofit Organizations
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      Grossman, Allen S., and Daniel F. Curran. "Strategic Planning at NFTE." Harvard Business School Case 302-002, January 2002. (Revised November 2010.)
      • June 2001
      • Case

      GE's Early Dispute Resolution Initiative (A)

      By: Michael A. Wheeler and Gillian Morris
      GE's chief litigation counsel sought to rationalize litigation flow by viewing it as a manufacturing process. By applying the principles of Six Sigma, P.D. Villareal created an Early Dispute Resolution (EDR) system that enabled both lawyers and managers to work... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Governance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Lawsuits and Litigation; Six Sigma; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Problems and Challenges; Conflict and Resolution; Energy Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Wheeler, Michael A., and Gillian Morris. "GE's Early Dispute Resolution Initiative (A)." Harvard Business School Case 801-395, June 2001.
      • 2000
      • Working Paper

      Rational Institutions Yield Hysteresis

      By: Rafael Di Tella and Robert MacCulloch
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      Di Tella, Rafael, and Robert MacCulloch. "Rational Institutions Yield Hysteresis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 01-037, December 2000.
      • 1999
      • Chapter

      Rational Authority Allocation to an Agent

      By: M. H. Bazerman
      Keywords: Negotiation Participants; Agency Theory
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      Bazerman, M. H. "Rational Authority Allocation to an Agent." In Negotiating on Behalf of Others, edited by Robert Mnookin and Lawrence Susskind. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1999.
      • July 1998
      • Article

      On the Power of a Clear Definition of Rationality

      By: M. H. Bazerman and D. M. Messick
      Keywords: Power and Influence; Communication
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      Bazerman, M. H., and D. M. Messick. "On the Power of a Clear Definition of Rationality." Business Ethics Quarterly 8, no. 3 (July 1998): 477–480.
      • March 1998 (Revised April 1998)
      • Case

      Lehigh Steel

      By: V.G. Narayanan and Laura Donohue
      Lehigh Steel is a specialty steel manufacturer that plummeted from record profits to record losses in less than three years, driven by an inability to distinguish between profitable and unprofitable business. The scale and growth of service activities and overhead... View Details
      Keywords: Measurement and Metrics; Product; Cost; Activity Based Costing and Management; Profit; Accounting; Corporate Finance; Steel Industry
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      Narayanan, V.G., and Laura Donohue. "Lehigh Steel." Harvard Business School Case 198-085, March 1998. (Revised April 1998.)
      • October 1997
      • Article

      Does Competition Kill Corruption?

      By: Christopher Bliss and Rafael Di Tella
      Corrupt agents (officials or gangsters) exact money from firms. Corruption affects the number of firms in a free-entry equilibrium. The degree of deep competition in the economy increases with lower overhead costs relative to profits and with a tendency toward similar... View Details
      Keywords: Competition; Crime and Corruption
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      Bliss, Christopher, and Rafael Di Tella. "Does Competition Kill Corruption?" Journal of Political Economy 105, no. 5 (October 1997): 1001–1023.
      • September 1997 (Revised November 1997)
      • Case

      Siam Cement Group,The: Corporate Philosophy (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Prompilai Khunaphante
      In the face of Thailand's 1990 cement shortage, managers at Siam Cement Co., Thailand's largest cement provider, must decide how to allocate available supply and whether to attempt to uphold government-controlled prices among the company's agents. At issue is the... View Details
      Keywords: Business or Company Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Resource Allocation; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Policy; Construction Industry; Thailand
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Prompilai Khunaphante. "Siam Cement Group,The: Corporate Philosophy (A)." Harvard Business School Case 398-018, September 1997. (Revised November 1997.)
      • 1996
      • Thesis

      Limits on Interest Rate Rules in Macroeconomic Models Governed by Price Stickiness and Rational Expectations

      By: William R. Kerr
      Keywords: Interest Rates; Macroeconomics; Mathematical Methods
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      Kerr, William R. "Limits on Interest Rate Rules in Macroeconomic Models Governed by Price Stickiness and Rational Expectations." Thesis, University of Virginia, 1996.
      • January 1996
      • Article

      Shortcomings of Neutrality in Mediation: Solutions Based on Rationality

      By: K. Gibson, L. L. Thompson and M. H. Bazerman
      Keywords: Negotiation
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      Gibson, K., L. L. Thompson, and M. H. Bazerman. "Shortcomings of Neutrality in Mediation: Solutions Based on Rationality." Negotiation Journal 12, no. 1 (January 1996): 69–80.
      • 1994
      • Chapter

      Biases and Rationality in the Mediation Process

      By: K. Gibson, L. L. Thompson and M. H. Bazerman
      Keywords: Negotiation Process; Negotiation Style; Prejudice and Bias; Attitudes
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      Gibson, K., L. L. Thompson, and M. H. Bazerman. "Biases and Rationality in the Mediation Process." In Applications of Heuristics and Biases to Social Issues. Vol. 3, edited by L. Heath, F. Bryant, J. Edwards, E. Henderson, J. Myers, E. Posavac, Y. Suarez-Balcazar, and R. S. Tindale. Social Psychological Applications to Social Issues. New York: Plenum Press, 1994.
      • June 1994 (Revised June 1995)
      • Case

      Chandler Home Products: European Rationalization

      By: Michael Y. Yoshino
      Chandler, a large U.S. consumer products firm, is rationalizing its European operations. Tony Pesci, protagonist, is deciding which plants to close for maximum efficiency. The manufacturing/marketing relationship is strained as efficiency is being weighed against... View Details
      Keywords: Debates; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Labor; Contracts; Operations; Performance Efficiency; Relationships; Consumer Products Industry; United States
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      Yoshino, Michael Y. "Chandler Home Products: European Rationalization." Harvard Business School Case 394-221, June 1994. (Revised June 1995.)
      • September 1992
      • Article

      Herd on the Street: Informational Inefficiencies in a Market with Short-Term Speculation

      By: Kenneth Froot, David S. Scharfstein and Jeremy Stein
      Keywords: Rational Expectations; Asset Pricing; Behavioral Finance
      Citation
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      Froot, Kenneth, David S. Scharfstein, and Jeremy Stein. "Herd on the Street: Informational Inefficiencies in a Market with Short-Term Speculation." Journal of Finance 47, no. 4 (September 1992): 1461–1484. (Revised from NBER Working Paper No. 3250, February 1990.)
      • 1992
      • Chapter

      Exchange Rate Forecasting Techniques, Survey Data, and Implications for the Foreign Exchange Market

      By: J. Frankel and K. A. Froot
      Keywords: Currencies; Exchange Rates; International Macroeconomics; Monetary Policy; Currency Controls; Fixed Exchange Rates; Floating Exchange Rates; Currency Bands; Currency Zones; Currency Areas; Rational Expectations; International Finance; Currency Exchange Rate; Asset Pricing; Forecasting and Prediction; Policy
      Citation
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      Frankel, J., and K. A. Froot. "Exchange Rate Forecasting Techniques, Survey Data, and Implications for the Foreign Exchange Market." In International Business Reader, edited by D. Duta. London: Oxford University Press, 1992. (Revised from IMF Working Paper No. 90/43 and NBER Working Paper No. 3470, October 1990.)
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