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  • April 2020 (Revised October 2022)
  • Case

Medellín Reborn (A)

By: Jorge Tamayo, Ashish Nanda and Margaret Cross
In 2003, mathematics professor Sergio Fajardo was elected mayor of Medellín, Colombia—one of the most violent cities in the world at that time. As mayor, Fajardo faced a host of daunting challenges. Rampant gang violence had raised Medellín’s homicide rate... View Details
Keywords: Strategic Leadership; Peace; Government; Politics; Priorities; Leadership; City; Strategy; Government and Politics; Problems and Challenges; Transformation; Government Administration; Crime and Corruption; Colombia; Medellín
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  • 2022
  • Chapter

Fiscal Development under Colonial and Sovereign Rule

By: Ewout Frankema and Marlous van Waijenburg
This chapter explores differences in the making of a ‘modern’ fiscal state under colonial and sovereign rule. Focusing on African and Asian colonies (1820–1970) and their respective European metropoles, it argues that while the introduction of ‘modern’... View Details
Keywords: Fiscal Modernization; Colonial Rule; Economic History; Sovereign Finance; History; Taxation; Africa; Asia
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  • Article

Making 'Green Giants': Environment Sustainability in the German Chemical Industry, 1950s–1980s

By: Geoffrey Jones and Christina Lubinski
This article examines the evolution of corporate environmentalism in the West German chemical industry between the 1950s and the 1980s. It focuses on two companies, Bayer and Henkel, that have been identified as "green giants," and traces the evolution of their... View Details
Keywords: Business History; Green Business; Regional Strategy; Pollution; Henkel; Bayer; Globalization; History; Chemical Industry; Germany; United States
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  • Research Summary

Overview

In my research historical inquiry plays an important part in understanding the continuities from the pre-1949 past and the complex convergence of business institutions in the process of China’s current economic, political, and social modernization. Historians are able... View Details
Keywords: Business History; China; Business Government Relations; Entrepreneurs; Family Business; Industrial Development; Infrastructure; Transportation; Entrepreneurship; History; Manufacturing Industry; Transportation Industry; Rail Industry; Construction Industry; Asia
  • 2013
  • Chapter

Capturing History: The Case of the Federal Radio Commission in 1927

By: David Moss and Jonathan Lackow
In the study of regulation (and political economy more generally), there is a danger that historical inferences from theory may infect historical tests of theory. It is imperative, therefore, that historical tests always involve a vigorous search not only for... View Details
Keywords: Capture; History By Inference; Economic Theory Of Regulation; Federal Radio Commission; Theory; Economics; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
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  • June 7, 2016
  • Comment

Can Brand Trump Win a Presidency?

By: John A. Quelch
In the marketplace, Brand Trump is authentic. It stands for aspiration and success, but more the ostentatious and flashy success that appeals to the newly wealthy, the entrepreneur, the outsider. For these consumers, brand Trump clearly delivers; Trump hotels, and... View Details
Keywords: Brand; Umbrella Brands; Political Brands; Political Campaigns; Successful Brands; Personal Brand; Demographics; History; Information; Innovation and Invention; Leadership; Management; Marketing; Outcome or Result; Problems and Challenges; Strategy; Value; Public Administration Industry; Public Relations Industry; United States
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  • October 2016
  • Case

Moshe Kahlon: Telecommunications Reform and Competition in Israel's Cellular Market (A)

By: Joshua Margolis, Amram Migdal and Kerry Herman
The case addresses reforms to regulations in Israel’s telecommunications industry initiated and implemented under the leadership of Minister of Communications Moshe Kahlon in 2009-2010. The case highlights the challenges faced by a politician attempting to institute... View Details
Keywords: Market Reform; Political Leadership; Industry Regulation; Regulatory Reforms; Economic Sectors; Private Sector; Public Sector; Ethics; Values and Beliefs; Geopolitical Units; Country; Geography; Government Administration; Government Legislation; Business History; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Market Design; Market Participation; Supply and Industry; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Industry Structures; Telecommunications Industry; Communications Industry; Public Administration Industry; Israel
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  • February 4, 2017
  • Article

Historical Transformations in Boundary and Land Use in New Delhi's Urban Villages

By: Sudev J Sheth
New Delhi’s “urban villages” are the result of government land acquisitions that began in 1912 and continued into the 1960s. Since the 1980s, growing demand for real estate within the city has engendered unprecedented residential and commercial development in these... View Details
Keywords: India; Urban Planning; Eminent Domain; Land Politics; Real Estate; History; City; Planning; Urban Scope; India; Delhi
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  • Forthcoming
  • Article

Economic Integration and the Transmission of Democracy

By: Marco Tabellini and Giacomo Magistretti
In this paper, we study the effects of economic integration with democratic partners on democracy. We assemble a large country-level panel dataset from 1960 to 2015, and exploit improvements in air, relative to sea, transportation to derive a time-varying instrument... View Details
Keywords: Democratization; Institutional Development; Economic Integration; International Trade; Democracy; Political Preferences; Institutions; Trade; Global Range; Economics; Government and Politics
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  • Research Summary

Overview

By: Mattias E. Fibiger
Professor Fibiger conducts research on twentieth-century international history, focusing primarily on political economy and international relations in Southeast Asia.

Professor Fibiger's first book is entitled Suharto's Cold War: Indonesia, Southeast... View Details
Keywords: Authoritarianism; Political Economy; Foreign Aid; Foreign Direct Investment; Foreign Policy; Southeast Asia; United States; Finance; International Economy; International Capital Markets; History; International Relations; National Security; Government and Politics; Development Economics; Southeast Asia; United States; Indonesia; Philippines; Malaysia; Singapore
  • January 2002 (Revised March 2002)
  • Case

Note on Economic Sanctions on Cuba

Describes the history of U.S. sanctions on Cuba and discusses the political and economic controversies surrounding the U.S. policy. View Details
Keywords: International Relations; Trade; Cuba; United States
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  • Research Summary

Overview

Hisano’s research addresses the social and cultural implications of technological development and economic changes mainly in the twentieth-century United States. By analyzing the regulation, manipulation, and presentation of food color, her current book project links... View Details
Keywords: Business History; Consumer Behavior; Agribusiness; Food And Environment; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Business And Government; Advertising; Goods and Commodities; Food; History; Government and Politics; Marketing; Business and Government Relations; Advertising Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Chemical Industry; United States
  • Article

National Image as a Competitive Disadvantage: The Case of the New Zealand Organic Food Industry

By: Geoffrey Jones and Simon Mowatt
This article examines why organic agriculture and food consumption developed more strongly in some countries than others between the 1970s and the 2000s. The focus is the limited growth of the New Zealand organic sector, which contrasts with countries such as Denmark,... View Details
Keywords: Industrial Organization; Chinitz; Agglomeration; Clusters; Cities; Mines; Political Economy; FDI; Agribusiness Industry; Agriculture; Agribusiness; Entrepreneurship; Business History; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Retail Industry; New Zealand; Denmark
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  • February 2019 (Revised May 2021)
  • Case

Electric Car Wars, 2018

By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
Electric cars had long been championed by environmentalists as a superior solution to the internal combustion engine (ICE), but, despite large government incentives and strong pioneering efforts by a few automakers over the years, electric and hybrid cars and light... View Details
Keywords: Electric Vehicle; Electric Vehicles; Electricity; Electric Motors; Electric Power Generation; Electricity Usage; Electricity Distribution; Internal Combustion Vehicle; Auto Manufacturing; Automobile Manufacturing; Automotive Industry; Tesla; General Motors; History; Nissan; Innovation; Batteries; Battery; Subsidies; Government Initiatives; Government Incentives; Political Issues; Energy Generation; Production; Infrastructure; Innovation and Invention; Government Legislation; Global Range; Business History; Auto Industry; China
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  • 1986
  • Book

Banking and Empire in Iran

By: Geoffrey Jones
This is the first of two volumes of a business history of a major British bank in the Middle East. Volume 1 traces the history of the bank from its foundation in 1889 as The Imperial Bank of Persia, through the years it was the state bank of Iran, and its development... View Details
Keywords: Banks and Banking; International Relations; Business History; Economic History; Political History; War; Iran; Russia; Great Britain
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  • April 2006 (Revised April 2012)
  • Case

Ghana: National Economic Strategy

By: Michael E. Porter and Kjell Ke-Li Carlsson
Set in the year 2001, as President John Kufuor contemplates a national economic strategy following his election in the first democratic transfer of power in Ghana's history. Focuses on Ghana's long history of poor economic performance and intractable poverty,... View Details
Keywords: History; Economic Growth; Government Administration; Developing Countries and Economies; Growth and Development Strategy; Ghana
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  • 2024
  • Book

When Democracy Breaks: Studies in Democratic Erosion and Collapse, from Ancient Athens to the Present Day

By: Archon Fung, David Moss and Odd Arne Westad
Democracy is often described in two opposite ways, as either wonderfully resilient or dangerously fragile. Curiously, both characterizations can be correct, depending on the context. When Democracy Breaks aims to deepen our understanding of what separates democratic... View Details
Keywords: Government and Politics; History; Culture; Failure
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  • Research Summary

Overview

By: William C. Kirby
A historian by training, Professor Kirby examines contemporary China's business, economic, and political development in an international context. He writes and teaches on the growth of modern companies in China (Chinese and foreign; state-owned and private); Chinese... View Details
Keywords: China; Internationalization; Educational Policy And Politics; Infrastructure; Government And Business; The Revival Of Family Business In China; China’s Infrastructure Exports: The ‘Belt And Road’ Initiative; Agribusiness; Education; Entrepreneurship; Globalization; Governance; Government and Politics; History; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Social Enterprise; Auto Industry; Education Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Health Industry; Semiconductor Industry; Asia; Europe; North and Central America
  • November 2018 (Revised April 2019)
  • Technical Note

Saudi Arabia: A Brief Background

By: Kristin Fabbe, Natalie Kindred and Safwan Al-Amin
This note provides a brief overview of the history of Saudi Arabia as well as the economic and political context in 2018. The note is an essential supplement to the case “Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” HBS No. 719-020, but is... View Details
Keywords: Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia; Public Policy; Economic Development; Monarchy; Islam; Gulf; GCC; Business And Government; Vision 2030; National Strategy; Economic Diversification; OPEC; Oil; Energy Policy; Strategy; Government and Politics; Policy; Diversification; Economy; Energy; History; Saudi Arabia; Middle East
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  • November 2006 (Revised October 2017)
  • Case

China: 'To Get Rich Is Glorious'

By: Richard Vietor and Julia Galef
In 1978, Deng Xiaoping assumed the leadership of an impoverished China, after Mao Zedong's disastrous Cultural Revolution. During the next 17 years, Deng applied pragmatic policies to liberalize the Chinese economy gradually while maintaining the power of the Communist... View Details
Keywords: History; Leadership; Privatization; Policy; Macroeconomics; Economic Systems; Development Economics; Government and Politics; Business Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; China
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