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      • Faculty Publications  (223)

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      • March 2016 (Revised June 2017)
      • Case

      Transition at DataCo?

      By: Frank V. Cespedes and Carin-Isabel Knoop
      The founder of a data analytics company, Stefan Brecht, has several issues with his key business developer and head of marketing and sales, Tamara Smithson. Smithson, an early hire who had been instrumental in building the firm; operates as an individual contributor;... View Details
      Keywords: Sales Management; Selling; Entrepreneurial Ventures; Performance Management; Professional Services; Salesforce Management; Sales; Marketing; Performance; Consulting Industry; United States; France
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      Cespedes, Frank V., and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Transition at DataCo?" Harvard Business School Case 816-058, March 2016. (Revised June 2017.)
      • 2016
      • Conference Paper

      The Pressing Game: Optimal Defensive Disruption in Soccer

      By: Iavor I. Bojinov and Luke Bornn
      Soccer, the most watched sport in the world, is a dynamic game where a team’s success relies on both team strategy and individual player contributions. Passing is a cardinal soccer skill and a key factor in strategy development; it helps the team to keep the ball... View Details
      Keywords: Soccer; Strategy; Disruption
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., and Luke Bornn. "The Pressing Game: Optimal Defensive Disruption in Soccer." Paper presented at the MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA, March 2016.
      • Article

      Third-party Punishment as a Costly Signal of Trustworthiness

      By: Jillian J. Jordan, Moshe Hoffman, Paul Bloom and David G. Rand
      Third-party punishment (TPP), in which unaffected observers punish selfishness, promotes cooperation by deterring defection. But why should individuals choose to bear the costs of punishing? We present a game theoretic model of TPP as a costly signal of... View Details
      Keywords: Third-party Punishment; Trustworthiness; Behavior; Trust; Game Theory
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      Jordan, Jillian J., Moshe Hoffman, Paul Bloom, and David G. Rand. "Third-party Punishment as a Costly Signal of Trustworthiness." Nature 530, no. 7591 (2016): 473–476.
      • February 2016 (Revised February 2017)
      • Case

      Alvogen

      By: Daniel Isenberg and William Kerr
      Alvogen is a young Icelandic generic pharmaceutical company, whose CEO believes that his global strategy will give them an edge in this competitive industry.
      Robert Wessman, Alvogen’s CEO, was also previously the CEO of Actavis, another Icelandic generics... View Details
      Keywords: Pharmaceutical Companies; Generic Drugs; Entrepreneurship; Globalization; Risk and Uncertainty; Pharmaceutical Industry; Iceland
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      Isenberg, Daniel, and William Kerr. "Alvogen." Harvard Business School Case 816-064, February 2016. (Revised February 2017.)
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Financial Patent Quality: Finance Patents After State Street

      By: Josh Lerner, Andrew Speen, Mark Baker and Ann Leamon
      In the past two decades, patents of inventions related to financial services ("finance patents"), as well as litigation around these patents, have surged. One of the repeated concerns voiced by academics and practitioners alike has been about the quality of these... View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Lawsuits and Litigation; Finance
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      Lerner, Josh, Andrew Speen, Mark Baker, and Ann Leamon. "Financial Patent Quality: Finance Patents After State Street." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-068, December 2015.
      • 2015
      • Article

      Beliefs About the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment

      By: George E. Newman, Julian De Freitas and Joshua Knobe
      Past research has identified a number of asymmetries based on moral judgments. Beliefs about (a) what a person values, (b) whether a person is happy, (c) whether a person has shown weakness of will, and (d) whether a person deserves praise or blame seem to depend... View Details
      Keywords: Concepts; Social Cognition; Moral Reasoning; True Self; Values; Weakness Of Will; Blame; Values and Beliefs; Identity; Moral Sensibility; Happiness
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      Newman, George E., Julian De Freitas, and Joshua Knobe. "Beliefs About the True Self Explain Asymmetries Based on Moral Judgment." Cognitive Science 39, no. 1 (2015): 96–125.
      • Article

      Men as Cultural Ideals: Cultural Values Moderate Gender Stereotype Content.

      By: Amy Cuddy, Elizabeth Baily Wolf, Peter Glick, Susan Crotty, Jihye Chong and Michael I. Norton
      Four studies tested whether cultural values moderate the content of gender stereotypes, such that male stereotypes more closely align with core cultural values (specifically, individualism vs. collectivism) than do female stereotypes. In Studies 1 and 2, using... View Details
      Keywords: Gender Stereotypes; Stereotype Content; Individualism; Collectivism; Prejudice and Bias; Values and Beliefs; Culture; Gender
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      Cuddy, Amy, Elizabeth Baily Wolf, Peter Glick, Susan Crotty, Jihye Chong, and Michael I. Norton. "Men as Cultural Ideals: Cultural Values Moderate Gender Stereotype Content." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 109, no. 4 (October 2015): 622–635.
      • 2015
      • Chapter

      Deep Smarts as the Underpinnings of Dynamic Capabilities

      By: Dorothy A. Leonard and Michelle Barton
      Both ordinary and dynamic capabilities depend upon the deep smarts, i.e., business-critical, experience-based knowledge, held in the heads of an organization’s top talent. This chapter examines the links between individual and organizational capabilities and presents... View Details
      Keywords: Management Skills; Experience and Expertise; Innovation and Invention
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      Leonard, Dorothy A., and Michelle Barton. "Deep Smarts as the Underpinnings of Dynamic Capabilities." In The Oxford Handbook of Dynamic Capabilities, edited by David J. Teece and Sohvi Leih. Oxford University Press, 2015. Electronic.
      • 2015
      • Book

      Strategy Rules: Five Timeless Lessons from Bill Gates, Andy Grove, and Steve Jobs

      By: David B. Yoffie and Michael A. Cusumano
      The authors of the bestselling Competing on Internet Time (a Business Week top 10 book) analyze the strategies, principles, and skills of three of the most successful and influential figures in business—Bill Gates, Andy Grove, and Steve Jobs—offering... View Details
      Keywords: Management; Strategy; Leadership; Information Technology; Entrepreneurship; Information Technology Industry
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      Yoffie, David B., and Michael A. Cusumano. Strategy Rules: Five Timeless Lessons from Bill Gates, Andy Grove, and Steve Jobs. New York: Harper Business, 2015.
      • March 2015 (Revised December 2016)
      • Case

      American Well: The DTC Decision

      By: Elie Ofek and Natalie Kindred
      In late 2013, telehealth company American Well, which developed a digital platform that allowed patients to conduct online medical consultations with physicians, is considering pursuing a direct-to-consumer (DTC) strategy. Founded in 2006, American Well had, to date,... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Telehealth; Telemedicine; American Well; Schoenberg; Boston; Israel; Technology; Online Care; Direct-to-consumer; DTC; Health Insurance; Affordable Care Act; Health Care Reform; Accountable Care Organizations; Technology Change; Innovation & Entrepreneurship; Digital Marketing; Strategy; Competition; Information Technology; Marketing; Technological Innovation; Technology Adoption; Entrepreneurship; Marketing Strategy; Health Industry; Technology Industry; Boston; Massachusetts; United States; Israel
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      Ofek, Elie, and Natalie Kindred. "American Well: The DTC Decision." Harvard Business School Case 515-032, March 2015. (Revised December 2016.)
      • 15 Feb 2014
      • Conference Presentation

      Men as Cultural Ideals: How Culture Shapes Gender Stereotypes

      By: Amy Cuddy, Elizabeth Baily Wolf, Peter Glick and Michael I. Norton
      Four studies test whether cultural values moderate the content of gender stereotypes, such that male stereotypes more closely align with core cultural values (specifically, individualism vs. collectivism) than do female stereotypes. In Studies 1 and 2, using different... View Details
      Keywords: Stereotypes; Gender; United States; South Korea
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      Cuddy, Amy, Elizabeth Baily Wolf, Peter Glick, and Michael I. Norton. "Men as Cultural Ideals: How Culture Shapes Gender Stereotypes." Paper presented at the 15th Society for Personality and Social Psychology Annual Meeting, Austin, TX, February 15, 2014.
      • January 2015 (Revised April 2015)
      • Case

      Zeal: Launching Personalized and Social Learning

      By: John J-H Kim and Christine S. An
      Set in 2014, this case follows John Danner and his team at Zeal as they consider their product development strategy. In February 2013, serial entrepreneurs John Danner and Sanjay Noronha co-found Zeal, an education technology start up providing a web-based, mobile... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Education Technology; MVP; Product Development; Product Market Fit; Monetization Strategy; SaaS Business Models; Education; Personalized Learning
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      Kim, John J-H, and Christine S. An. "Zeal: Launching Personalized and Social Learning." Harvard Business School Case 315-052, January 2015. (Revised April 2015.)
      • Article

      The Allure of Unknown Outcomes: Exploring the Role of Uncertainty in the Preference for Potential

      By: Daniella Kupor, Zakary L. Tormala and Michael I. Norton
      Influence practitioners often highlight a target's achievements (e.g., "she is the city's top-rated chef"), but recent research reveals that highlighting a target's potential (e.g., "she could become the city's top-rated chef") can be more effective. We examine whether... View Details
      Keywords: Risk and Uncertainty; Forecasting and Prediction; Performance Evaluation
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      Kupor, Daniella, Zakary L. Tormala, and Michael I. Norton. "The Allure of Unknown Outcomes: Exploring the Role of Uncertainty in the Preference for Potential." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 55 (November 2014): 210–216.
      • Article

      Past, Present and Future Research on Multiple Identities: Toward an Intrapersonal Network Approach

      By: Lakshmi Ramarajan
      Psychologists, sociologists, and philosophers have long recognized that people have multiple identities—based on attributes such as organizational membership, profession, gender, ethnicity, religion, nationality, and family role(s) and that these multiple identities... View Details
      Keywords: Networks; Research; Organizations; Identity
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      Ramarajan, Lakshmi. "Past, Present and Future Research on Multiple Identities: Toward an Intrapersonal Network Approach." Academy of Management Annals 8 (2014): 589–659.
      • Article

      Seeking the Roots of Entrepreneurship: Insights from Behavioral Economics

      By: Thomas Astebro, Holger Herz, Ramana Nanda and Roberto A. Weber
      There is a growing body of evidence that many entrepreneurs seem to enter and persist in entrepreneurship despite earning low risk-adjusted returns. This has lead to attempts to provide explanations—using both standard economic theory and behavioral economics—for why... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Personal Characteristics; Attitudes; Behavior
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      Astebro, Thomas, Holger Herz, Ramana Nanda, and Roberto A. Weber. "Seeking the Roots of Entrepreneurship: Insights from Behavioral Economics." Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, no. 3 (Summer 2014): 49–70.
      • Summer 2014
      • Article

      When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Hanna Halaburda
      We present a theory for why it might be rational for a platform to limit the number of applications available on it. Our model is based on the observation that even if users prefer application variety, applications often also exhibit direct network effects. When there... View Details
      Keywords: Platform Governance; Direct Network Effects; Indirect Network Effects; Complements; Tragedy Of The Commons; Equilibrium Selection; Coordination; Foresight; Strategy; Value Creation; Digital Platforms; Balance and Stability; Decision Choices and Conditions; Consumer Behavior; Applications and Software; Network Effects
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Hanna Halaburda. "When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?" Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 23, no. 2 (Summer 2014): 259–293.
      • May 2014
      • Case

      Building a High Performance Culture at IDFC

      By: V.G. Narayanan and Vidhya Muthuram
      IDFC was set up in 1997 to direct private finance to infrastructure projects in India. Over the years, it expanded its capabilities to become a 'complete solutions provider' offering financing solutions including debt and equity, investment banking, brokerage and asset... View Details
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      Narayanan, V.G., and Vidhya Muthuram. "Building a High Performance Culture at IDFC." Harvard Business School Case 114-077, May 2014.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories

      By: Francesca Lazzeri and Gary P. Pisano
      Scholars and practitioners alike now recognize that a firm's capacity to assimilate and use know-how from external sources—what Cohen and Levinthal (1990) called "absorptive capacity"—plays a central role in innovation performance. In recent years, a common strategy... View Details
      Keywords: Geographic Location; Industry Clusters; Knowledge Acquisition; Pharmaceutical Industry; San Francisco; San Diego; Massachusetts
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      Lazzeri, Francesca, and Gary P. Pisano. "The Organizational and Geographic Drivers of Absorptive Capacity: An Empirical Analysis of Pharmaceutical R&D Laboratories." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-098, April 2014.
      • September 2013 (Revised June 2016)
      • Case

      The Morning Star Company: Self-Management at Work

      By: Francesca Gino, Bradley R. Staats, Brian J. Hall and Tiffany Y. Chang

      Morning Star, a collection of affiliated companies, had grown steadily since 1970 when Chris Rufer, president and founder, started the business hauling tomatoes to processing plants in a truck. The company's main products continued to be tomato-based, including a... View Details

      Keywords: Business or Company Management; Motivation and Incentives; Working Conditions; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Food; Management Practices and Processes; Compensation and Benefits; Manufacturing Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry
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      Gino, Francesca, Bradley R. Staats, Brian J. Hall, and Tiffany Y. Chang. "The Morning Star Company: Self-Management at Work." Harvard Business School Case 914-013, September 2013. (Revised June 2016.)
      • September 2013 (Revised August 2015)
      • Background Note

      Leadership and Teaming

      By: Ethan Bernstein
      Small differences in the leadership of teams can have large consequences for the success of their efforts. Many initiatives fail not because of a fatal error in judgment or insufficient ideas, knowledge, motivation, or capabilities to deliver a solution. They fail... View Details
      Keywords: Teams; Teaming; Leadership And Managing People; Leadership; Team Effectiveness; Team Performance; Team Design; Team Leadership; Teamwork; Team Process; Team Function; Team Launch; 60/30/10 Rule; Team Boundary; Distribution Of Leadership Authority; Self-Managed Teams; Virtual Teams; Unbounded Teams; Acts Of Leadership; Execution Teams; Decision Making Teams; Creativity Teams; Team Size; Task Design; Team Timeline; Team Roles; Team Representation; Diversity; Team Familiarity; Collective Intelligence; Team Stages Of Development; Team Coaching; Performance Pressure; X-Teams; Team Focus; Interaction; Management Teams; Managerial Roles; Management Systems; Management Style; Management Skills; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Efficiency; Performance Productivity; Groups and Teams; Networks; Social Psychology; Behavior; Conflict and Resolution; Creativity; Social and Collaborative Networks; Satisfaction; Prejudice and Bias; Power and Influence; Personal Characteristics; Familiarity; Cognition and Thinking; Attitudes; Projects; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Leadership Development; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Knowledge Sharing; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Design; Interpersonal Communication; Accommodations Industry; Accounting Industry; Advertising Industry; Aerospace Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Air Transportation Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Auto Industry; Banking Industry; Battery Industry; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Bicycle Industry; Biotechnology Industry; Chemical Industry; Communications Industry; Computer Industry; Construction Industry; Consulting Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Distribution Industry; Education Industry; Electronics Industry; Employment Industry; Energy Industry; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Fashion Industry; Financial Services Industry; Fine Arts Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Forest Products Industry; Forestry Industry; Green Technology Industry; Health Industry; Industrial Products Industry; Information Industry; Information Technology Industry; Insurance Industry; Journalism and News Industry; Legal Services Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Mining Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; Motorcycle Industry; Music Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Public Administration Industry; Public Relations Industry; Publishing Industry; Pulp and Paper Industry; Rail Industry; Real Estate Industry; Retail Industry; Rubber Industry; Semiconductor Industry; Service Industry; Shipping Industry; Sports Industry; Steel Industry; Technology Industry; Telecommunications Industry; Tourism Industry; Transportation Industry; Travel Industry; Utilities Industry; Video Game Industry; Web Services Industry; Asia; North and Central America; South America; Atlantic Ocean; Central Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; Oceania; West Indies
      Citation
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      Bernstein, Ethan. "Leadership and Teaming." Harvard Business School Background Note 414-033, September 2013. (Revised August 2015.)
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