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- All HBS Web
(1,544)
- People (3)
- News (240)
- Research (1,105)
- Events (3)
- Multimedia (4)
- Faculty Publications (710)
Long-run Returns to Impact Investing in Emerging Markets and Developing Economies
There is growing interest in impact investing, the idea of deploying capital to obtain both financial and social or environmental returns. Examination of every equity investment made by the International Finance Corporation, one of the largest and... View Details
- 05 Jun 2020
- Research & Ideas
How Anchor Investors Help Impact Funds Succeed
so-called impact funds, or funds that hope to create positive social or environmental impact. In Anchors Aweigh: Analysis of Anchor Limited Partner Investors in Impact... View Details
- October 2024 (Revised November 2024)
- Case
SWEN Blue Ocean: Impact Investing Goes to Sea
By: Vikram S Gandhi and David Allen
In August 2023, SWEN Blue Ocean, a €170 million impact fund that invested in startups contributing to ocean sustainability, faced a critical investment decision. Part of SWEN Capital Partners, an €8 billion, Paris-based private equity fund, Blue Ocean was co-founded in... View Details
Keywords: Communication Technology; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology; Venture Capital; Private Equity; Investment Funds; Science-Based Business; Technological Innovation; Financial Services Industry; France; Paris; Italy
Gandhi, Vikram S., and David Allen. "SWEN Blue Ocean: Impact Investing Goes to Sea." Harvard Business School Case 325-013, October 2024. (Revised November 2024.)
- 14 Nov 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
The Impact of Corporate Sustainability on Organizational Process and Performance
- 23 Aug 2010
- Research & Ideas
The Drive to Acquire’s Impact on Globalization
as when a U.S. auto company builds a parts plant in Mexico, has come into prominence only in the past few decades. Cutting costs is fair enough, unless it is done by paying less-than-living wages, creating unsafe working conditions, or causing View Details
Keywords: by Paul R. Lawrence
- 22 Feb 2022
- Blog Post
Lessons Learned from My HBS Career Journey in Environmental Sustainability
particular role or position given my prior work experience, I may be interested in leveraging knowledge gained at HBS to explore making an impact in a different role or function. Eliminate friction. I always appreciate recruiters, hiring... View Details
Keywords: Energy / Cleantech
- Web
Impact Stories - Business & Environment
Alumni Impact Stories Martin Aares MBA 2001 | Merging the Worlds of Finance, Investing, and Environmental Impact "As leaders who make a difference, the private sector can have... View Details
- July 2020
- Article
Exploring the Effect of Environmental Orientation on Financial Decisions of Businesses at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Evidence from the Microlending Context
By: Anton Shevchenko, Xiaodan Pan and Goran Calic
Existing research has accumulated substantial evidence on the effect that an environmental orientation has on businesses' economic performance. Yet this research does not cover small businesses from bottom‐of‐the‐pyramid (BOP) markets. In fact, despite increasing... View Details
Keywords: Micro-lending; Environmental Sustainability; Financing and Loans; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Small Business
Shevchenko, Anton, Xiaodan Pan, and Goran Calic. "Exploring the Effect of Environmental Orientation on Financial Decisions of Businesses at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Evidence from the Microlending Context." Business Strategy and the Environment 29, no. 5 (July 2020): 1876–1886.
- Article
Managing Climate Change: Lessons from the U.S. Navy
By: Forest Reinhardt and Michael W. Toffel
The U.S. Navy operates on the front lines of climate change. It manages tens of billions of dollars in assets on every continent and on every ocean, which take many years to design and build and then have decades of useful life. This means that it needs to understand... View Details
Keywords: Climate Change; Environment; Military; Disaster Relief; Refugees; Environmental Impact; Environmental Strategy; Sustainability; Energy; Energy Conservation; Energy Sources; Energy Generation; Globalization; Innovation and Invention; Leadership; Strategic Planning; Problems and Challenges; Risk and Uncertainty; Supply Chain; Operations; Logistics; Infrastructure; Strategy; Environmental Sustainability; Service Industry
Reinhardt, Forest, and Michael W. Toffel. "Managing Climate Change: Lessons from the U.S. Navy." Harvard Business Review 95, no. 4 (July–August 2017): 102–111.
- 24 Nov 2020
- Working Paper Summaries
Accounting for Product Impact in the Consumer Finance Industry
- 2005
- Chapter
Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms: Perspectives from the Business Literature
By: Forest Reinhardt
Reinhardt, Forest. "Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms: Perspectives from the Business Literature." In Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms: Perspectives from Law, Economics, and Business, edited by Bruce L. Hay, Robert Stavins, and Richard Vietor, 151. Washington, D.C.: Resources for the Future, 2005. (Resources for the Future.)
- 22 Nov 2011
- Working Paper Summaries
Carbon Tariffs: Impacts on Technology Choice, Regional Competitiveness, and Global Emissions
- Web
Impact Investing | Social Enterprise | Harvard Business School
how and whether investors should incorporate what have traditionally been considered “non-financial” criteria in their decisions: for example, climate risk, environmental sustainability, minority representation on boards, and even the... View Details
- 2020
- Working Paper
Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage
By: DG Park, George Serafeim and T. Robert Zochowski
We develop a methodology that calculates the impact that organizations have on the environment through their water consumption relating to water stress risk. Using the methodology, we derive estimates for four companies that show how assumptions on the geographic... View Details
Keywords: Water; Water Management; Environment; Sustainability; Environmental Impact; Impact-Weighted Accounts; IWAI; Organizations; Environmental Sustainability; Valuation
Park, DG, George Serafeim, and T. Robert Zochowski. "Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-036, September 2020.
- 09 Apr 2020
- Research & Ideas
How Social Entrepreneurs Can Increase Their Investment Impact
Both impact investing and traditional philanthropy are on the rise after the decade-long economic boom following the Great Recession. But when does an impact investment make a bigger difference than a grant? The question is far more complicated than simply evaluating... View Details
Keywords: by Rachel Layne
- November 2017 (Revised April 2019)
- Case
Summa Equity: Building Purpose-Driven Organizations
By: George Serafeim
In 2015, Reynir Indahl left top Nordic private equity firm Altor Equity Partners to found Summa Equity (Summa). After long contemplation following the financial crisis, Indahl was convinced the financial system was producing negative externalities and that the current... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Purpose; ESG; ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Social Impact; Investment Management; Management Practices; Innovation; Voice; Environmental Impact; Private Equity; Social Enterprise; Finance; Capital Markets; Management Practices and Processes; Innovation Leadership; Leadership; Innovation and Management; Entrepreneurship; Mission and Purpose; Value Creation; Financial Services Industry; Norway; Sweden; Scandinavia
Serafeim, George, and David Freiberg. "Summa Equity: Building Purpose-Driven Organizations." Harvard Business School Case 118-028, November 2017. (Revised April 2019.)
- May 2025 (Revised June 2025)
- Background Note
Social Enterprise in Latin America
By: Brian L. Trelstad and Karina Souza
This research note provides an overview of the social enterprise ecosystem in Latin America, exploring current dynamics across key markets, including country-specific insights on Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, and Central America. In a region characterized... View Details
Keywords: Impact Investing; Developing Countries and Economies; Social Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Ownership; Social Enterprise; Business Strategy; Equality and Inequality; Microfinance; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Information Technology Industry; Latin America; Brazil; Mexico; Argentina; Colombia; Chile; Guatemala; Central America; Peru; Uruguay
Trelstad, Brian L., and Karina Souza. "Social Enterprise in Latin America." Harvard Business School Background Note 325-117, May 2025. (Revised June 2025.)
- 2005
- Book
Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms: Perspectives from Law, Economics, and Business
By: Bruce L. Hay, Robert Stavins and Richard Vietor
Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business Ventures
Hay, Bruce L., Robert Stavins, and Richard Vietor, eds. Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms: Perspectives from Law, Economics, and Business. Washington, D.C.: Resources for the Future, 2005.
- August 26, 2009
- Comment
Where Cash for Clunkers Ran Off the Road
By: John A. Quelch
Today, let us celebrate the end of an unjustifiable drain on the U.S. taxpayer: the Cash for Clunkers (C4C) program.
True, C4C greatly boosted the number of consumers visiting car dealers. Doubtless, some new cars were sold to consumers who thought they... View Details
True, C4C greatly boosted the number of consumers visiting car dealers. Doubtless, some new cars were sold to consumers who thought they... View Details
Keywords: Government Programs; Environmental Impact; Government Waste; Customer Behavior; Economic Growth; Economy; Financial Crisis; Government and Politics; Leadership; Marketing; Programs; Value; Auto Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Public Administration Industry; United States
Quelch, John A. "Where Cash for Clunkers Ran Off the Road." Harvard Business School Working Knowledge (August 26, 2009).
- June 2025
- Teaching Plan
SWEN Blue Ocean: Impact Investing Goes to Sea
By: Vikram S Gandhi and David Allen
Teaching Plan for HBS Case No. 325-013 View Details