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- Faculty Publications (608)
- 2022
- Chapter
Capitalism and the Environment
By: Geoffrey Jones
Capitalism drove the environmental decimation of the planet. The environment was seen as a free good, while the consequences of dirty industrial and agricultural processes were seen as external to the firm. Public policies largely allowed this to happen, as politicians...
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Keywords:
History;
Environment;
Sustainability;
Capitalism;
Ethics;
Business History;
Environmental Sustainability;
Green Technology;
Pollution;
Climate Change
Jones, Geoffrey. "Capitalism and the Environment." Chap. 8 in Evolutions of Capitalism: Historical Perspectives: 1200–2000, edited by Catherine Casson and Philipp Robinson Rössner, 187–211. Bristol, United Kingdom: Bristol University Press, 2022.
- March–April 2022
- Article
Uncovering the Mitigating Psychological Response to Monitoring Technologies: Police Body Cameras Not Only Constrain but Also Depolarize
By: Shefali V. Patil and Ethan Bernstein
Despite organizational psychologists’ long-standing caution against monitoring (citing its reduction in employee autonomy and thus effectiveness), many organizations continue to use it, often with no detriment to performance and with strong support, not protest, from...
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Keywords:
Monitoring;
Transparency;
Polarization;
Body Worn Cameras;
Quasi Field Experiment;
Analytics and Data Science;
Employees;
Perception;
Law Enforcement
Patil, Shefali V., and Ethan Bernstein. "Uncovering the Mitigating Psychological Response to Monitoring Technologies: Police Body Cameras Not Only Constrain but Also Depolarize." Organization Science 33, no. 2 (March–April 2022): 541–570. (*The authors contributed equally to this manuscript.)
- March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
- Technical Note
Exploratory Data Analysis
This module note provides an overview of exploratory data analysis for an introduction to data science course. It begins by defining the term "data", and then describes the different types of data that companies work with (structured v. unstructured, categorical v....
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Keywords:
Data Analysis;
Data Science;
Statistics;
Data Visualization;
Exploratory Data Analysis;
Analytics and Data Science;
Analysis
Bojinov, Iavor I., Michael Parzen, and Paul Hamilton. "Exploratory Data Analysis." Harvard Business School Technical Note 622-098, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
- March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
- Technical Note
Linear Regression
This note provides an overview of linear regression for an introductory data science course. It begins with a discussion of correlation, and explains why correlation does not necessarily imply causation. The note then describes the method of least squares, and how to...
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Keywords:
Data Science;
Linear Regression;
Mathematical Modeling;
Mathematical Methods;
Analytics and Data Science
Bojinov, Iavor I., Michael Parzen, and Paul Hamilton. "Linear Regression." Harvard Business School Technical Note 622-100, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
- March 2022 (Revised July 2022)
- Technical Note
Statistical Inference
This note provides an overview of statistical inference for an introductory data science course. First, the note discusses samples and populations. Next the note describes how to calculate confidence intervals for means and proportions. Then it walks through the logic...
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Keywords:
Data Science;
Statistics;
Mathematical Modeling;
Mathematical Methods;
Analytics and Data Science
Bojinov, Iavor I., Michael Parzen, and Paul Hamilton. "Statistical Inference." Harvard Business School Technical Note 622-099, March 2022. (Revised July 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Do Startups Benefit from Their Investors' Reputation? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment
By: Shai Benjamin Bernstein, Kunal Mehta, Richard Townsend and Ting Xu
We analyze a field experiment conducted on AngelList Talent, a large online search platform for startup jobs. In the experiment, AngelList randomly informed job seekers of whether a startup was funded by a top-tier investor and/or was funded recently. We find that the...
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Keywords:
Startup Labor Market;
Investors;
Randomized Field Experiment;
Certification Effect;
Venture Capital;
Business Startups;
Human Capital;
Job Search;
Reputation
Bernstein, Shai Benjamin, Kunal Mehta, Richard Townsend, and Ting Xu. "Do Startups Benefit from Their Investors' Reputation? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-060, February 2022.
- March 2022 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
In Search of Global Regulation
By: Geoffrey Jones and Mona Rahmani
The history of the international regulation of global capitalism is surveyed, addressing the challenges facing firms confronting international, national, and regional regulation. Follows the history of global regulation after 1914, from the League of Nations;...
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Keywords:
History;
Multinational Firms and Management;
International Relations;
Laws and Statutes;
Corporate Governance;
Business and Government Relations
Jones, Geoffrey, and Mona Rahmani. "In Search of Global Regulation." Harvard Business School Case 822-122, March 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
Can a Website Bring Unemployment Down? Experimental Evidence from France
By: Aïcha Ben Dhia, Bruno Crépon, Esther Mbih, Louise Paul-Delvaux, Bertille Picard and Vincent Pons
We evaluate the impact of an online platform giving job seekers tips to improve their search and recommendations of new occupations and locations to target, based on their personal data and labor market data. Our experiment used an encouragement design and was...
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Keywords:
Online Platform;
Digital Platform;
Unemployment;
Encouragement Design;
Job Search;
Jobs and Positions;
Internet and the Web;
Well-being;
Outcome or Result;
Digital Platforms;
France
Ben Dhia, Aïcha, Bruno Crépon, Esther Mbih, Louise Paul-Delvaux, Bertille Picard, and Vincent Pons. "Can a Website Bring Unemployment Down? Experimental Evidence from France." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29914, April 2022.
- March 2022
- Article
How Much Does Your Boss Make? The Effects of Salary Comparisons
By: Zoë B. Cullen and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
The vast majority of the pay inequality in an organization comes from differences in pay between employees and their bosses. But are employees aware of these pay disparities? Are employees demotivated by this inequality? To address these questions, we conducted a...
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Keywords:
Salary;
Inequality;
Managers;
Career Concerns;
Pay Transparency;
Wages;
Equality and Inequality;
Perception;
Behavior
Cullen, Zoë B., and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "How Much Does Your Boss Make? The Effects of Salary Comparisons." Journal of Political Economy 130, no. 3 (March 2022): 766–822.
- Article
Managing a Polarized Workforce: How to Foster Debate and Promote Trust
By: Julia A. Minson and Francesca Gino
One of the toughest challenges leaders face is managing diverse perspectives—and given heightened tensions over politics and movements such as #MeToo and Black Lives Matter, that’s more difficult today than ever before. At the same time, productive disagreement and...
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Keywords:
Polarization;
Employees;
Perspective;
Interpersonal Communication;
Organizational Culture;
Trust
Minson, Julia A., and Francesca Gino. "Managing a Polarized Workforce: How to Foster Debate and Promote Trust." Harvard Business Review 100, no. 2 (March–April 2022): 63–71.
- Article
Policies to Influence Perceptions about COVID-19 Risk: The Case of Maps
By: Claudia Engel, Jonathan Rodden and Marco Tabellini
Choropleth disease maps have become an important tool for informing the public about the risks posed by COVID-19. In a survey conducted in the U.S. state of Georgia in June 2020, we randomly assigned respondents to view either of two maps. The first one reported...
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Engel, Claudia, Jonathan Rodden, and Marco Tabellini. "Policies to Influence Perceptions about COVID-19 Risk: The Case of Maps." Science Advances 8, no. 11 (March 18, 2022).
- March 2022
- Article
Sensitivity Analysis of Agent-based Models: A New Protocol
By: Emanuele Borgonovo, Marco Pangallo, Jan Rivkin, Leonardo Rizzo and Nicolaj Siggelkow
Agent-based models (ABMs) are increasingly used in the management sciences. Though useful, ABMs are often critiqued: it is hard to discern why they produce the results they do and whether other assumptions would yield similar results. To help researchers address such...
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Keywords:
Agent-based Modeling;
Sensitivity Analysis;
Design Of Experiments;
Total Order Sensitivity Indices;
Organizations;
Behavior;
Decision Making;
Mathematical Methods
Borgonovo, Emanuele, Marco Pangallo, Jan Rivkin, Leonardo Rizzo, and Nicolaj Siggelkow. "Sensitivity Analysis of Agent-based Models: A New Protocol." Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 28, no. 1 (March 2022): 52–94.
- February 2022 (Revised May 2022)
- Case
Jaypee Infratech and the Indian Bankruptcy Code
By: Kristin Mugford, William Vrattos and Radhika Kak
In 2016, India passed a new bankruptcy law (IBC) to counter a brewing bank crisis and increased corporate distress. Homebuilder Jaypee Infratech, one of India largest distressed companies (the “dirty dozen”) began restructuring under the IBC in 2017. Two years later,...
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Keywords:
Restructuring;
Decisions;
Judgments;
Voting;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Financial Crisis;
Public Sector;
Asset Pricing;
Borrowing and Debt;
Corporate Finance;
Credit;
Insolvency and Bankruptcy;
Debt Securities;
Bonds;
Investment Return;
Price;
Government Legislation;
Laws and Statutes;
Bids and Bidding;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Valuation;
Real Estate Industry;
India;
Delhi
Mugford, Kristin, William Vrattos, and Radhika Kak. "Jaypee Infratech and the Indian Bankruptcy Code." Harvard Business School Case 222-071, February 2022. (Revised May 2022.)
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Disagreement Problem in Explainable Machine Learning: A Practitioner's Perspective
By: Satyapriya Krishna, Tessa Han, Alex Gu, Javin Pombra, Shahin Jabbari, Steven Wu and Himabindu Lakkaraju
As various post hoc explanation methods are increasingly being leveraged to explain complex models in high-stakes settings, it becomes critical to develop a deeper understanding of if and when the explanations output by these methods disagree with each other, and how...
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Krishna, Satyapriya, Tessa Han, Alex Gu, Javin Pombra, Shahin Jabbari, Steven Wu, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "The Disagreement Problem in Explainable Machine Learning: A Practitioner's Perspective." Working Paper, 2022.
- Article
A 680,000-Person Megastudy of Nudges to Encourage Vaccination in Pharmacies
By: Katherine L. Milkman, Linnea Gandhi, Mitesh S. Patel, Heather N. Graci, Dena M. Gromet, Hung Ho, Joseph S. Kay, Timothy W. Lee, Jake Rothschild, Jonathan E. Bogard, Ilana Brody, Christopher F. Chabris, Edward Chang, Gretchen B. Chapman, Jennifer E. Dannals, Noah J. Goldstein, Amir Goren, Hal Hershfield, Alex Hirsch, Jillian Hmurovic, Samantha Horn, Dean Karlan, Ariella S. Kristal, Cait Lamberton, Michael N. Meyer, Allison H. Oakes, Maurice E. Schweitzer, Maheen Shermohammed, Jaochim H. Talloen, Caleb Warren, Ashley V. Whillans, Kuldeep N. Yadav, Julian J. Zlatev, Ron Berman, Chalanda N. Evans, Rahul Ladhania, Jens Ludwig, Nina Mazar, Sendhil Mullainathan, Christopher K. Snider, Jann Spiess, Eli Tsukayama, Lyle Ungar, Christophe Van den Bulte, Kevin G. Volpp and Angela L. Duckworth
Encouraging vaccination is a pressing policy problem. To assess whether text-based reminders can encourage pharmacy vaccination and what kinds of messages work best, we conducted a megastudy. We randomly assigned 689,693 Walmart pharmacy patients to receive one of 22...
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Keywords:
Vaccination;
Vaccines;
Nudges;
Communication Strategy;
Communication Technology;
Consumer Behavior;
Health Care and Treatment
Milkman, Katherine L., Linnea Gandhi, Mitesh S. Patel, Heather N. Graci, Dena M. Gromet, Hung Ho, Joseph S. Kay, Timothy W. Lee, Jake Rothschild, Jonathan E. Bogard, Ilana Brody, Christopher F. Chabris, Edward Chang, Gretchen B. Chapman, Jennifer E. Dannals, Noah J. Goldstein, Amir Goren, Hal Hershfield, Alex Hirsch, Jillian Hmurovic, Samantha Horn, Dean Karlan, Ariella S. Kristal, Cait Lamberton, Michael N. Meyer, Allison H. Oakes, Maurice E. Schweitzer, Maheen Shermohammed, Jaochim H. Talloen, Caleb Warren, Ashley V. Whillans, Kuldeep N. Yadav, Julian J. Zlatev, Ron Berman, Chalanda N. Evans, Rahul Ladhania, Jens Ludwig, Nina Mazar, Sendhil Mullainathan, Christopher K. Snider, Jann Spiess, Eli Tsukayama, Lyle Ungar, Christophe Van den Bulte, Kevin G. Volpp, and Angela L. Duckworth. "A 680,000-Person Megastudy of Nudges to Encourage Vaccination in Pharmacies." e2115126119. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 6 (February 8, 2022).
- Article
Costs Without Value When Treating Pediatric Behavioral Patients in the ED
By: Marcella Jewell, Syed S. Shehab, Robert S. Kaplan, Jack Fanton and Joeli Hettler
Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) visits have greatly increased in recent years. An academic pediatric ED that annually treats about 1,000 behavioral health patients conducted a study to assess the true cost of caring for nonacute behavioral health patients. It...
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Jewell, Marcella, Syed S. Shehab, Robert S. Kaplan, Jack Fanton, and Joeli Hettler. "Costs Without Value When Treating Pediatric Behavioral Patients in the ED." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 3, no. 2 (February 2022).
- 2022
- Article
Alleviating Time Poverty Among the Working Poor: A Pre-Registered Longitudinal Field Experiment
By: A.V. Whillans and Colin West
Poverty entails more than a scarcity of material resources—it also involves a shortage of time. To examine the causal benefits of reducing time poverty, we conducted a longitudinal feld experiment over six consecutive weeks in an urban slum in Kenya with a sample of...
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Keywords:
Time;
Subjective Well Being;
Administrative Costs;
Friction;
Poverty;
Well-being;
Money;
Perception;
Kenya
Whillans, A.V., and Colin West. "Alleviating Time Poverty Among the Working Poor: A Pre-Registered Longitudinal Field Experiment." Art. 719. Scientific Reports 12 (2022).
- January 10, 2022
- Article
The Link Between Income, Income Inequality, and Prosocial Behavior Around the World: A Multiverse Approach
By: Lucia Macchia and Ashley V. Whillans
The questions of whether high-income individuals are more prosocial than low-income individuals and whether income inequality moderates this effect have received extensive attention. We shed new light on this topic by analyzing a large-scale dataset with a...
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Keywords:
Prosocial Behavior;
Income Inequality;
Behavior;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Income
Macchia, Lucia, and Ashley V. Whillans. "The Link Between Income, Income Inequality, and Prosocial Behavior Around the World: A Multiverse Approach." Social Psychology (January 10, 2022): 375–386.
- January 2022
- Article
Global Behaviors, Perceptions, and the Emergence of Social Norms at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic
By: Lukas Hensel, Marc Witte, Stefano Caria, Thiemo Fetzer, Stefano Fiorin, Friedrich M. Goetz, Margarita Gomez, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Erez Yoeli and Jon M. Jachimowicz
We conducted a large-scale survey covering 58 countries and over 100,000 respondents between late March and early April 2020 to study beliefs and attitudes towards citizens' and governments' responses at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents reported...
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Keywords:
COVID-19;
Government Regulation;
Social Norms;
Health Pandemics;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Behavior;
Perception;
Global Range;
Surveys
Hensel, Lukas, Marc Witte, Stefano Caria, Thiemo Fetzer, Stefano Fiorin, Friedrich M. Goetz, Margarita Gomez, Johannes Haushofer, Andriy Ivchenko, Gordon T. Kraft-Todd, Elena Reutskaja, Christopher Roth, Erez Yoeli, and Jon M. Jachimowicz. "Global Behaviors, Perceptions, and the Emergence of Social Norms at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 193 (January 2022): 473–496.
- 2022
- Book
Leadership to Last: How Great Leaders Leave Legacies Behind
By: Geoffrey Jones and Tarun Khanna
Society tends to glorify the get-rich-quick entrepreneur who builds a company, takes it public and then (maybe) contributes to charity.
In Leadership to Last, Geoffrey Jones and Tarun Khanna discuss the interviews they and other Harvard faculty have undertaken...
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Keywords:
Innovation;
Corruption;
Gender;
Innovation and Invention;
Leadership;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Society;
India;
Pakistan;
Bangladesh;
Middle East;
Africa;
Latin America;
Philippines
Jones, Geoffrey, and Tarun Khanna. Leadership to Last: How Great Leaders Leave Legacies Behind. Gurgaon, India: Penguin Random House India, 2022.