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- All HBS Web
(4,845)
- Faculty Publications (1,159)
- April 1993 (Revised May 2009)
- Case
Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India: In Service for Sight, The
Starting as a modest 20-bed hospital, Aravind had grown into a 1,400-bed hospital complex by 1992. It had by then screened 3.65 million patients and performed 335,000 cataract surgeries, nearly 70% of them free of cost for the poorest of India's blind population.... View Details
Keywords: Developing Countries and Economies; Social Marketing; Service Delivery; Service Operations; Welfare; Expansion; Health Industry; India
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India: In Service for Sight, The." Harvard Business School Case 593-098, April 1993. (Revised May 2009.)
- March 1993 (Revised April 1995)
- Case
Singapore
By: Forest L. Reinhardt and Edward Prewitt
Since winning independence in 1965, Singapore achieved some of the world's highest rates of economic growth. A large part of GDP and employment came from direct investment by multinational companies in low-cost assembly work, but in the 1990s Singapore's rising wage... View Details
Keywords: Transition; Decision Choices and Conditions; Development Economics; Economic Growth; Foreign Direct Investment; Multinational Firms and Management; Employment; Wages; Singapore
Reinhardt, Forest L., and Edward Prewitt. "Singapore." Harvard Business School Case 793-096, March 1993. (Revised April 1995.)
- March 1993 (Revised June 1995)
- Case
Singapore TradeNet: The Tale Continues
By: Lynda M. Applegate, John L. King and Boon-Siong Neo
Continues the story of Singapore Network Services Pte. Ltd. (SNS), which was created to initiate and manage the creation of value-added networks for trade and other aspects of commerce in the island nation of Singapore. SNS built on its TradeNet experience to develop... View Details
Keywords: Internet and the Web; Information Infrastructure; Internet and the Web; Profit Sharing; Partners and Partnerships; Trade; Business and Government Relations; Web Services Industry; Singapore
Applegate, Lynda M., John L. King, and Boon-Siong Neo. "Singapore TradeNet: The Tale Continues." Harvard Business School Case 193-136, March 1993. (Revised June 1995.)
- February 1993 (Revised March 2003)
- Case
India (A)
By: Richard H.K. Vietor, Waleed J. Iskandar and Max L. Weston
Outlines India's import substitution strategy and its planned development process. The effects of the difficult political and social context on economic development are analyzed. The failure of the system to achieve sustainable growth and improvement leads to attempts... View Details
Keywords: Strategy; Ethnicity; Development Economics; Trade; Economic Growth; Policy; Government and Politics; India
Vietor, Richard H.K., Waleed J. Iskandar, and Max L. Weston. "India (A)." Harvard Business School Case 793-112, February 1993. (Revised March 2003.)
- September 1992 (Revised March 1998)
- Case
Japan Confronts an Interdependent World
By: George C. Lodge
Traces the evolution of Japan's economic strategy from 1972 to 1992. Describes the collapse of the Japanese stock market in the spring of 1992, raising the question: Is this the end of Japan's miraculous growth? To help students consider that question, the case... View Details
Keywords: Policy; Financial Markets; Information Technology; System Shocks; Borrowing and Debt; Financial Crisis; Government and Politics; Growth and Development; Situation or Environment; Japan; United States
Lodge, George C. "Japan Confronts an Interdependent World." Harvard Business School Case 793-034, September 1992. (Revised March 1998.)
- May 1992 (Revised June 1993)
- Case
Jan Carlzon: CEO at SAS (A)
Describes Jan Carlzon's actions on assuming the CEO's responsibility at SAS in a time of financial and organizational difficulty. After tracing Carlzon's development as a manager, it focuses on the way in which he developed, then communicated a clear and motivating... View Details
Keywords: Communication; Financial Crisis; Employee Relationship Management; Knowledge; Leadership Development; Crisis Management; Motivation and Incentives; Business Strategy; Aerospace Industry
Bartlett, Christopher A. "Jan Carlzon: CEO at SAS (A)." Harvard Business School Case 392-149, May 1992. (Revised June 1993.)
- April 1992 (Revised October 1996)
- Supplement
Reconstruction of Zambia, Supplement--1992
Outlines new government economic plans and first actions after election. To be handed out in class after discussion of main case. View Details
Vietor, Richard H.K. "Reconstruction of Zambia, Supplement--1992." Harvard Business School Supplement 792-092, April 1992. (Revised October 1996.)
- April 1992 (Revised June 1994)
- Case
Grappling with Garbage: The Bandung Municipal Cleansing Enterprise, P.D. Kerbersihan
By: James E. Austin
Keywords: Wastes and Waste Processing; Business and Government Relations; Developing Countries and Economies; Environmental Sustainability; Indonesia
Austin, James E. "Grappling with Garbage: The Bandung Municipal Cleansing Enterprise, P.D. Kerbersihan." Harvard Business School Case 392-124, April 1992. (Revised June 1994.)
- April 1992 (Revised April 1997)
- Case
Reconstruction of Zambia
Examines the causes of decline--economic, social, and political--of the Zambian economy since 1974. It takes place at the time of the election of Frederick Chiluba, in October 1991. Examines the problems of economic development in Africa, and especially, of structural... View Details
Keywords: Business Cycles; Development Economics; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Borrowing and Debt; International Finance; Political Elections; Africa; Zambia
Vietor, Richard H.K. "Reconstruction of Zambia." Harvard Business School Case 792-089, April 1992. (Revised April 1997.)
- March 1992 (Revised November 1993)
- Background Note
Trading the Right to Pollute: Developing the Market for Pollution Allowances
Examines the issues underlying the formation of the market for tradeable pollution allowances, following the requirement of Title IV of the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act. Examines the implications that these trade the allowances hold for the U.S. electric... View Details
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Trading the Right to Pollute: Developing the Market for Pollution Allowances." Harvard Business School Background Note 292-120, March 1992. (Revised November 1993.)
- March 1992 (Revised October 1994)
- Case
AT&T Consumer Products
Describes the factors AT&T Consumer Products managers considered in deciding whether to locate a new plant for telephone answering machines in the United States, Asia, or Mexico. Describes in depth the restructuring of AT&T during the 1980s, the competition facing its... View Details
Keywords: Restructuring; Competitive Strategy; Trade; Management; Operations; Crime and Corruption; Executive Compensation; Selection and Staffing; Demand and Consumers; Asia; Mexico
Badaracco, Joseph L., Jr. "AT&T Consumer Products." Harvard Business School Case 392-108, March 1992. (Revised October 1994.)
- February 1992 (Revised April 1995)
- Case
Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property
By: Lynn S. Paine and Michael Santoro
Top officials at Pfizer are assessing their strategy for improving protection of Pfizer's patents around the world. The outcome of the Uruguay Round of the GATT negotiations is uncertain, and it is not clear whether an acceptable intellectual property protection... View Details
Keywords: Patents; Trade; Policy; Government and Politics; Business Strategy; Agreements and Arrangements; Alliances; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; Japan; Europe
Paine, Lynn S., and Michael Santoro. "Pfizer: Global Protection of Intellectual Property." Harvard Business School Case 392-073, February 1992. (Revised April 1995.)
- February 1992 (Revised September 2019)
- Case
The House of Tata
By: James E. Austin and Ashish Nanda
The case traces the evolution of the Tata group, one of the largest and highly respected Indian business houses, from its 19th century founding and early growth in diverse industries, to its response to changes in government regulation in independent India, up to its... View Details
Keywords: Indian Economy; International Business; Government And Business; Government Regulation; Synergy; Conglomerates; Business Conglomerates; Developing Countries and Economies; Business and Government Relations; Business History; Steel Industry; Electronics Industry; Chemical Industry; Insurance Industry; Air Transportation Industry; India
Austin, James E., and Ashish Nanda. "The House of Tata." Harvard Business School Case 792-065, February 1992. (Revised September 2019.)
- December 1991 (Revised October 1998)
- Case
Eli Lilly and Co.: Manufacturing Process Technology Strategy--1991
By: Gary P. Pisano, Steven C. Wheelwright and Jonathan West
Outlines the evolution of Lilly's corporate manufacturing strategy over the past decade. The corporate vice president of manufacturing must decide on the next phase of Lilly's strategy for the early 1990s, as well as to what extent and what role process development... View Details
Keywords: Cost vs Benefits; Management Practices and Processes; Industry Structures; Product Development; Production; Research and Development; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Manufacturing Industry
Pisano, Gary P., Steven C. Wheelwright, and Jonathan West. "Eli Lilly and Co.: Manufacturing Process Technology Strategy--1991." Harvard Business School Case 692-056, December 1991. (Revised October 1998.)
- October 1991 (Revised August 1993)
- Case
Acid Rain: Burlington Northern, Inc. (A)
Burlington Northern (BN) hauls low-sulfur coal from the northern Great Plains to electric utilities in the Midwest. Acid rain legislation may affect the geographic scope of BN's markets. Railroad managers need to assess the economic effects of acid rain controls and... View Details
Keywords: Rail Transportation; Environmental Sustainability; Development Economics; Government Legislation; Natural Environment; Policy; Metals and Minerals; Industry Growth; Industry Structures; Rail Industry; United States
Reinhardt, Forest L. "Acid Rain: Burlington Northern, Inc. (A)." Harvard Business School Case 792-018, October 1991. (Revised August 1993.)
- September 1991 (Revised August 1994)
- Background Note
Note on Pharmaceutical Industry Regulation
Traces the evolution of U.S. regulatory policy towards the pharmaceutical industry over the course of the twentieth century. A major theme is the steady shift away from a policy of 'let the buyer beware' to the creation of a complex and time-consuming review process,... View Details
Keywords: Safety; Industry Growth; Marketing; Research and Development; Health Testing and Trials; Economics; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Note on Pharmaceutical Industry Regulation." Harvard Business School Background Note 792-002, September 1991. (Revised August 1994.)
- September 1991 (Revised February 1993)
- Case
Burroughs Wellcome and AZT (A)
Burroughs Wellcome Co., developer of AZT, the first drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), finds itself under siege in September 1989 by AIDS activists and various segments of the U.S.... View Details
Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Ethics; Business and Government Relations; Communication Strategy; Health Care and Treatment; Monopoly; Intellectual Property; Research and Development; Price; Pharmaceutical Industry; London
Emmons, Willis M., III. "Burroughs Wellcome and AZT (A)." Harvard Business School Case 792-004, September 1991. (Revised February 1993.)
- March 1991 (Revised May 1991)
- Case
TBIRD: The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development
During the period of 1987 to 1990, while Thailand had one of the fastest growing economies in the world (average growth rate of 12%), the income disparity between its rural and urban population (especially Bangkok City) was growing increasingly worse. Mechai... View Details
Rangan, V. Kasturi. "TBIRD: The Thai Business Initiative in Rural Development." Harvard Business School Case 591-099, March 1991. (Revised May 1991.)