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- All HBS Web
(1,991)
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- June 2012
- Article
Meta-organization Design: Rethinking Design in Interorganizational and Community Contexts
By: Ranjay Gulati, P. Puranam and Michael Tushman
This article provides conceptual foundations for analyzing organizations comprising multiple legally autonomous entities, which we call meta-organizations. We assess the antecedents of the emergence of such collectives and the design choices they entail. The article... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Design
Gulati, Ranjay, P. Puranam, and Michael Tushman. "Meta-organization Design: Rethinking Design in Interorganizational and Community Contexts." Special Issue on Strategy and the Design of Organizational Architecture edited by R. Gulati, P. Puranam, M. Tushman. Strategic Management Journal 33, no. 6 (June 2012): 571–586.
- July – August 2009
- Article
Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance
By: Sebastian Raisch, Julian Birkinshaw, Gilbert Probst and Michael Tushman
Organizational ambidexterity has emerged as a new research paradigm in organization theory, yet several issues that are fundamental to this debate remain controversial. We explore four central tensions here: Should organizations achieve ambidexterity through... View Details
Keywords: Change; Innovation and Invention; Business Processes; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Research; Integration
Raisch, Sebastian, Julian Birkinshaw, Gilbert Probst, and Michael Tushman. "Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance." Organization Science 20, no. 4 (July–August 2009): 685–695.
- 2002
- Comment
Designs, Technology Cycles, and Organizational Outcomes
By: George Westerman and Michael L. Tushman
Keywords: Organizational Design; Information Technology; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Outcome or Result
Westerman, George, and Michael L. Tushman. Comment on "Designs, Technology Cycles, and Organizational Outcomes." Chap. 10 Managing in the Modular Age: Architectures, Networks, and Organizations, edited by Raghu Garud, Arun Kumaraswamy, and Richard Langlois, 348–361. Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
- Article
Design Physical and Digital Spaces to Foster Inclusion
By: Eric Anicich, Jon M. Jachimowicz, Merrick Osborne and L. Taylor Phillips
Often, strategies around making organizations more anti-racist focus on changing hearts and minds. Sometimes this isn’t enough, however, and can result in backlash or increased self-segregation among white employees. In these situations, leaders should consider using... View Details
Keywords: Anti-racism; Inclusion; Work Environment; Organizational Culture; Diversity; Change Management
Anicich, Eric, Jon M. Jachimowicz, Merrick Osborne, and L. Taylor Phillips. "Design Physical and Digital Spaces to Foster Inclusion." Harvard Business Review (website) (August 11, 2021).
- Article
Corporate Headquarters in the Twenty-first Century: An Organization Design Perspective
By: Sven Kunisch, Markus Menz and David J. Collis
The corporate headquarters (CHQ) of the multi-business enterprise, which emerged as the dominant organizational form for the conduct of business in the twentieth century, has attracted considerable scholarly attention. As the business environment undergoes a... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Strategy; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Business Headquarters
Kunisch, Sven, Markus Menz, and David J. Collis. "Corporate Headquarters in the Twenty-first Century: An Organization Design Perspective." Art. 22. Journal of Organization Design 9 (2020): 1–32.
- 01 May 2020
- What Do You Think?
Does Remote Work Mix with Organizational Culture?
where the culture is thought by management to be one of the organization's strengths. A case in point is Critical Mass, a 24-year-old digital experience design agency based in Calgary, Canada, with 950 employees employed in 12 offices... View Details
Keywords: by James Heskett
- 2016
- Chapter
Innovation Experiments: Researching Technical Advance, Knowledge Production and the Design of Supporting Institutions
By: Kevin J. Boudreau and Karim R. Lakhani
This paper discusses several challenges in designing field experiments to better understand how organizational and institutional design shapes innovation outcomes and the production of knowledge. We proceed to describe the field experimental research program carried... View Details
Boudreau, Kevin J., and Karim R. Lakhani. "Innovation Experiments: Researching Technical Advance, Knowledge Production and the Design of Supporting Institutions." In Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 16, edited by William R. Kerr, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern, 135–167. National Bureau of Economic Research, and University of Chicago Press, 2016.
- November 1995 (Revised August 1996)
- Case
Colliers International Property Consultants, Inc.: Organizational Integration
By: Michael Y. Yoshino and Carin-Isabel Knoop
Yoshino, Michael Y., and Carin-Isabel Knoop. "Colliers International Property Consultants, Inc.: Organizational Integration." Harvard Business School Case 396-108, November 1995. (Revised August 1996.)
- Article
Organizational Innovation in the Multinational Enterprise: Internalization Theory and Business History
By: Teresa da Silva Lopes, Mark Casson and Geoffrey Jones
This article engages in a methodological experiment by using historical evidence to challenge a common misperception about internalization theory. The theory has often been criticized for maintaining that it assumes a hierarchically organized MNE based on knowledge... View Details
Keywords: Internalization; Multinational Strategy; Business History; Organization And Management Theory; Globalization; Entrepreneurship; Governance; History; Organizations; Theory; Africa; Asia; Europe; Latin America; North and Central America
da Silva Lopes, Teresa, Mark Casson, and Geoffrey Jones. "Organizational Innovation in the Multinational Enterprise: Internalization Theory and Business History." Journal of International Business Studies 50, no. 8 (October 2019): 1338–1358.
- May 2011 (Revised March 2013)
- Case
Marshall & Gordon: Designing an Effective Compensation System (A)
By: Heidi K. Gardner and Kerry Herman
CEO Kelly Browne wrestles with the design of a new compensation system to promote the collaboration and cross-selling necessary for supporting her firm's new strategy. Marshall Gordon International, a global public relations (PR) firm, has recently expanded its service... View Details
Keywords: Change Management; Customer Relationship Management; Compensation and Benefits; Retention; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Organizational Culture; Partners and Partnerships; Motivation and Incentives; Alignment; Public Relations Industry
Gardner, Heidi K., and Kerry Herman. "Marshall & Gordon: Designing an Effective Compensation System (A)." Harvard Business School Case 411-038, May 2011. (Revised March 2013.)
- Teaching Interest
MBA Required Curriculum Leadership and Organizational Behavior (LEAD)
By: Rakesh Khurana
This course focuses on how managers become effective leaders by addressing the human side of enterprise.
The first modules examine teams, individuals, and networks in the context of:
- The determinants of group... View Details
- 1998
- Book
Competing by Design: The Power of Organizational Architectures
By: D. Nadler and Michael Tushman
Keywords: Organizational Design
Nadler, D., and Michael Tushman. Competing by Design: The Power of Organizational Architectures. NY: Oxford University Press, 1998.
- 2002
- Chapter
Dominant Designs, Technology Cycles, and Organizational Outcomes
By: Michael L. Tushman and Johann Peter Murmann
Tushman, Michael L., and Johann Peter Murmann. "Dominant Designs, Technology Cycles, and Organizational Outcomes." Chap. 10 in Managing in the Modular Age: Architectures, Networks, and Organizations, edited by Raghu Garud, Arun Kumaraswamy, and Richard Langlois, 316–348. Blackwell Publishing, 2002.
- 2013
- Article
Logic Pluralism, Organizational Design, and Practice Adoption: The Structural Embeddedness of CSR Programs
By: Mary Ann Glynn and Ryan Raffaelli
The institutional logics perspective highlights how organizations are embedded within broader systems of meaning and how this embeddedness activates salient institutional logics in organizations that can enable or constrain organizational decisions, practices, and... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Design; Management Practices and Processes; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact
Glynn, Mary Ann, and Ryan Raffaelli. "Logic Pluralism, Organizational Design, and Practice Adoption: The Structural Embeddedness of CSR Programs." Research in the Sociology of Organizations 39B (2013): 175–198.
- January 24, 2025
- Article
Behaviorally Designed Training Leads to More Diverse Hiring
By: Cansin Arslan, Edward H. Chang, Siri Chilazi, Iris Bohnet and Oliver P. Hauser
Many organizations have shown interest in increasing the diversity of their workforces for various reasons. Collectively, they have spent millions of dollars and countless employee hours on diversity training. Yet, there is little empirical evidence that such training... View Details
Keywords: Training; Diversity; Selection and Staffing; Behavior; Outcome or Result; Organizational Change and Adaptation
Arslan, Cansin, Edward H. Chang, Siri Chilazi, Iris Bohnet, and Oliver P. Hauser. "Behaviorally Designed Training Leads to More Diverse Hiring." Science 387, no. 6732 (January 24, 2025): 364–366.
- 1998
- Article
Dominant Designs, Innovation Types and Organizational Outcomes
By: Michael Tushman and P. Murmann
Tushman, Michael, and P. Murmann. "Dominant Designs, Innovation Types and Organizational Outcomes." Research in Organizational Behavior 20 (1998). (Winner of Stephan Schrader Best Paper Award presented by Academy of Management.)
- 22 Dec 2008
- Research & Ideas
10 Reasons to Design a Better Corporate Culture
Leadership is critical in codifying and maintaining an organizational purpose, values, and vision. Leaders must set the example by living the elements of culture: values, behaviors, measures, and actions. Values are meaningless without... View Details
- 2008
- Working Paper
Exploring the Duality between Product and Organizational Architectures: A Test of the Mirroring Hypothesis
By: Alan D. MacCormack, John Rusnak and Carliss Y. Baldwin
A variety of academic studies argue that a relationship exists between the structure of an organization and the design of the products that this organization produces. Specifically, products tend to "mirror" the architectures of the organizations in which they are... View Details
Keywords: Open Source Distribution; Product Design; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Information Technology Industry
MacCormack, Alan D., John Rusnak, and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "Exploring the Duality between Product and Organizational Architectures: A Test of the Mirroring Hypothesis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 08-039, March 2008. (Revised October 2008, January 2011.)
- 24 Jan 2008
- Working Paper Summaries