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      Intellectual Property RightsRemove Intellectual Property Rights →

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      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 15 The IBM PC

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The IBM PC was the first digital computer platform that was open by as a matter of strategy, not necessity. The purpose of this chapter is to understand the IBM PC as a technical system and set of organization choices in light of the theory of how technology shapes... View Details
      Keywords: IBM; Personal Computer; Digital Platforms; System; Strategy
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 15 The IBM PC." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-074, January 2019.
      • January 2019 (Revised May 2019)
      • Case

      When Trolls Attack: Carbonite vs. Oasis Research

      By: Lauren H. Cohen, Umit G. Gurun, Scott Duke Kominers and Sarah Mehta
      This case, set in October 2017, follows Danielle Sheer, general counsel for Carbonite, as she defends the company against claims of patent infringement. It provides a broad overview of the U.S. patent system and explores the impact that non-practicing entities... View Details
      Keywords: Patent Infringement Litigation; Non-practicing Entities; Patent Trolls; Innovation and Invention; Intellectual Property; Patents; Laws and Statutes; Lawsuits and Litigation; Legal Liability; Computer Industry; Technology Industry; Boston
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      Cohen, Lauren H., Umit G. Gurun, Scott Duke Kominers, and Sarah Mehta. "When Trolls Attack: Carbonite vs. Oasis Research." Harvard Business School Case 219-001, January 2019. (Revised May 2019.)
      • November 2018
      • Case

      Yatooq: Longing for Arabic Coffee

      By: Mark Roberge, Gamze Yucaoglu and Samer Al-Rachedy
      As one of the few female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia, Lateefa Alwaalan had been trying to produce the perfect cup of Arabic coffee for over a decade. In 2007, she began testing various coffee blends, which she later branded Yatooq, the Arabic word for “craving” or... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurial Sales; Entrepreneurial Selling; Entrepreneurial Marketing; Barrier To Entry; Business Start-ups; Yatooq; Entrepreneurship; Private Sector; For-Profit Firms; Business Strategy; Patents; Business Startups; Strategic Planning; Competitive Strategy; Adaptation; Corporate Entrepreneurship; Corporate Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Saudi Arabia; Asia
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      Roberge, Mark, Gamze Yucaoglu, and Samer Al-Rachedy. "Yatooq: Longing for Arabic Coffee." Harvard Business School Case 819-075, November 2018.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 7 The Value Structure of Technologies, Part 2: Technical and Strategic Bottlenecks as Guides for Action

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to present analytic tools based on functional maps that can be used to identify investment opportunities and to formulate strategy in large, evolving technical systems. I argue that the points of value creation and value capture in a... View Details
      Keywords: Bottlenecks; Information Technology; System; Investment; Opportunities; Strategy
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 7 The Value Structure of Technologies, Part 2: Technical and Strategic Bottlenecks as Guides for Action." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-042, October 2018.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may... View Details
      Keywords: Complementarity
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-036, October 2018.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      The State of Open Source Server Software

      By: Shane Greenstein and Klaus Ackermann
      The study assembles new data to construct a census of worldwide web server use across the globe. We document a large concentration of investment in the United States, and a wide dispersion across scores of countries. We find tens of billions of dollars of unmeasured... View Details
      Keywords: Internet; Open Source; Internet and the Web; Policy; Open Source Distribution; Internet and the Web; Global Range
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      Greenstein, Shane, and Klaus Ackermann. "The State of Open Source Server Software." Working Paper, September 2018.
      • Fall 2018
      • Article

      What Problems Will You Solve with Blockchain?: Before Jumping on the Bandwagon, Companies Need to Carefully Consider how Ledger Technologies Fit into their Overall Strategy

      By: Teppo Felin and Karim R. Lakhani
      Distributed ledger technologies — collectively known as blockchain — have burst onto the business scene, accompanied by a significant amount of hype.They are widely expected to disrupt existing industries and lead to the creation of new types of companies. Some of the... View Details
      Keywords: Blockchain; Technology Adoption; Strategy; Business Processes; Innovation Strategy
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      Felin, Teppo, and Karim R. Lakhani. "What Problems Will You Solve with Blockchain? Before Jumping on the Bandwagon, Companies Need to Carefully Consider how Ledger Technologies Fit into their Overall Strategy." Reprint 60115. MIT Sloan Management Review 60, no. 1 (Fall 2018).
      • August 2018
      • Article

      Growth Through Heterogeneous Innovations

      By: Ufuk Akcigit and William R. Kerr
      We build a tractable growth model where multi-product incumbents invest in internal innovations to improve their existing products, while new entrants and incumbents invest in external innovations to acquire new product lines. External and internal innovations generate... View Details
      Keywords: Endogenous Growth; Innovation; Citations; Scientists; Entrepreneurs; External; Internal; Patents; Innovation Strategy; Entrepreneurship; Economic Growth; Research and Development; Science
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      Akcigit, Ufuk, and William R. Kerr. "Growth Through Heterogeneous Innovations." Journal of Political Economy 126, no. 4 (August 2018): 1374–1443.
      • July 2018
      • Article

      Global Collaborative Patents

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr
      We study the prevalence and traits of global collaborative patents for U.S. public companies, where the inventor team is located both within and outside of the United States. Collaborative patents are frequently observed when a corporation is entering into a new... View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Ethnic Networks; Migration; Technology Transfer; Mobility; Information Technology; Globalized Firms and Management; Diasporas; Patents; Ethnicity; Entrepreneurship; Research and Development; Foreign Direct Investment; Innovation and Invention; Globalization; United States
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, and William R. Kerr. "Global Collaborative Patents." Economic Journal 128, no. 612 (July 2018): F235–F272.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting

      By: Michael Webb, Nick Short, Nicholas Bloom and Josh Lerner
      Patenting in software, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence has grown rapidly in recent years. Such patents are acquired primarily by large U.S. technology firms such as IBM, Microsoft, Google, and HP, as well as by Japanese multinationals such as Sony, Canon,... View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Applications and Software; Technological Innovation; United States
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      Webb, Michael, Nick Short, Nicholas Bloom, and Josh Lerner. "Some Facts of High-Tech Patenting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-014, August 2018. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24793, July 2018.)
      • June 2018 (Revised January 2020)
      • Teaching Note

      Qualcomm Inc., 2019

      By: David B. Yoffie
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 718-514. View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Intellectual Property; Information Technology; Standards; Business Model; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Telecommunications Industry; Semiconductor Industry
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      Yoffie, David B. "Qualcomm Inc., 2019." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 718-517, June 2018. (Revised January 2020.)
      • June 2018 (Revised August 2019)
      • Case

      Qualcomm Inc., 2019

      By: David B. Yoffie and Andrew S. Choi
      This case is set in mid-2019, when Qualcomm was struggling with unwanted take-over battles, fights with Apple and the Chinese government, and internal dissension on the board of directors. Ten years earlier Qualcomm was hailed as a monopoly on CDMA technologies and... View Details
      Keywords: Technology Cycles; Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Intellectual Property; Information Technology; Standards; Business Model; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Telecommunications Industry; Semiconductor Industry
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      Yoffie, David B., and Andrew S. Choi. "Qualcomm Inc., 2019." Harvard Business School Case 718-514, June 2018. (Revised August 2019.)
      • May 2018
      • Case

      The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation's Answer Fund

      By: Richard G. Hamermesh and Matthew G. Preble
      Keywords: Data Analytics; Customer Focus and Relationships; Customer Relationship Management; Cost vs Benefits; Investment Return; Health Care and Treatment; Innovation Leadership; Intellectual Property; Knowledge Sharing; Knowledge Dissemination; Leadership; Leading Change; Resource Allocation; Goals and Objectives; Marketing Communications; Performance; Programs; Projects; Business and Community Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Networks; Partners and Partnerships; Research and Development; Genetics; Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Social and Collaborative Networks; Nonprofit Organizations; Strategy; Health Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Biotechnology Industry; United States
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      Hamermesh, Richard G., and Matthew G. Preble. "The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation's Answer Fund." Harvard Business School Case 818-045, May 2018.
      • March 2018 (Revised April 2018)
      • Supplement

      1366 Technologies: Scaling the Venture (B)

      By: Joseph B. Lassiter III and Ramana Nanda
      It was March 2018. Should proposed U.S. solar tariffs keep U.S.-based 1366 CEO Frank van Mierlo from starting up his 1st full-scale manufacturing plant overseas? View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Finance; Intellectual Property; Trade; Technology Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Energy Industry; United States; China; Korean Peninsula
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      Lassiter, Joseph B., III, and Ramana Nanda. "1366 Technologies: Scaling the Venture (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 818-116, March 2018. (Revised April 2018.)
      • March 2018 (Revised January 2021)
      • Case

      China Vanke: Battle for Control (A)

      By: Lynn S. Paine, Charles C.Y. Wang, Dawn H. Lau and Anthony K. Woo
      In June 2016, the board of China Vanke, one of China’s largest and best-known private residential real estate developers, must vote on a proposed acquisition that is opposed by its largest shareholders, state-owned China Resources Co. and the lesser-known property... View Details
      Keywords: China Vanke; China Resources; Hostile Takeover; Board Of Directors; Shareholding Structure; Shareholder Rights; Asset Restructuring; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Valuation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Real Estate Industry; China
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      Paine, Lynn S., Charles C.Y. Wang, Dawn H. Lau, and Anthony K. Woo. "China Vanke: Battle for Control (A)." Harvard Business School Case 318-117, March 2018. (Revised January 2021.)
      • February 2018
      • Background Note

      Patent Trolling

      By: Lauren H. Cohen, Umit G. Gurun, Scott Duke Kominers and George Hou
      The U.S. Intellectual Property (IP) Ecosystem is one of the most robust and dynamic in the world—and has been for centuries. The bedrock of this system is the "patent," a legal document that allows its holder exclusive commercialization rights of a part of the "idea... View Details
      Keywords: Intellectual Property; Patents; Lawsuits and Litigation; United States
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      Cohen, Lauren H., Umit G. Gurun, Scott Duke Kominers, and George Hou. "Patent Trolling." Harvard Business School Background Note 218-085, February 2018.
      • February 2018
      • Article

      Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns

      By: William R. Kerr
      This study tests the importance of Ricardian technology differences for international trade. The empirical analysis has three comparative advantages: including emerging and advanced economies, isolating panel variation regarding the link between productivity and... View Details
      Keywords: Exports; Comparative Advantage; Technological Transfer; Innovation; Networks; Patents; Residency; Technology Adoption; Trade; Research and Development; Immigration; United States
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      Kerr, William R. "Heterogeneous Technology Diffusion and Ricardian Trade Patterns." World Bank Economic Review 32, no. 1 (February 2018): 163–182.
      • December 2017
      • Case

      Piracy in Somalia (A)

      By: Sophus A. Reinert and Alissa Davies
      A Somali fisherman stands on a beach in early 2011, considering his options: should he embark in his tiny fishing vessel or join a nearby pirate crew? His war-ravaged country, entering its 20th year of civil war, was in the midst of a famine that had claimed hundreds... View Details
      Keywords: Pirates; Foreign Aid; Civil War; Private Property; Human Rights; Economic Development; Globalization; War; Property; Crime and Corruption; Rights; Development Economics; Moral Sensibility; Shipping Industry; Somalia
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      Reinert, Sophus A., and Alissa Davies. "Piracy in Somalia (A)." Harvard Business School Case 718-018, December 2017.
      • December 2017
      • Supplement

      Piracy in Somalia (B)

      By: Sophus A. Reinert and Alissa Davies
      Supplements the (A) case. View Details
      Keywords: Piracy; Foreign Aid; Civil War; Private Property; Human Rights; Economic Development; Globalization; War; Property; Crime and Corruption; Rights; Development Economics; Moral Sensibility; Somalia
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      Reinert, Sophus A., and Alissa Davies. "Piracy in Somalia (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 718-019, December 2017.
      • December 2017 (Revised January 2018)
      • Case

      Alltech

      By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
      Alltech was a Lexington, Kentucky–based producer of supplements for animal feed, with revenues of over $2 billion (projected to reach $3 billion in 2018), sales in 120 countries, 5,000 employees, and 100 manufacturing plants worldwide. For nearly four decades, Alltech... View Details
      Keywords: Alltech; United States; Agribusiness; Agriculture; Animal; Animal Agriculture; Animal Feed; Livestock; Family Business; Vertical Integration; Strategy; Growth; Feed Additives; Feed Supplements; Kentucky; Growth Strategy; Family Businesses; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Change Management; Trends; Governance; Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development; Intellectual Property; Leadership; Management; Markets; Organizational Culture; Private Ownership; Science; Quality; Risk and Uncertainty; Research; Sales; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; United States; Kentucky; Brazil; China
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      Bell, David E., and Natalie Kindred. "Alltech." Harvard Business School Case 518-001, December 2017. (Revised January 2018.)
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