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- All HBS Web (564)
- Faculty Publications (241)
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- March 2014 (Revised June 2015)
- Case
Can Mexico Make Democracy Work?
By: Gunnar Trumbull and Jonathan Schlefer
Enrique Peña Nieto, the presidential candidate of the old Mexican ruling party elected in 2012, passed the most fundamental reforms in at least two decades. They included allowing private competition in the energy sector, including with the state-owned oil company,... View Details
Keywords: Democratization; Economic Development; Competition Policy; Exchange Rates; Comparative Advantage; Growth and Development; Government Legislation; Political Elections; Economic Growth; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Energy Industry; Communications Industry; Banking Industry; Latin America; Mexico
Trumbull, Gunnar, and Jonathan Schlefer. "Can Mexico Make Democracy Work?" Harvard Business School Case 714-049, March 2014. (Revised June 2015.)
- 2008
- Working Paper
Media versus Special Interests
By: Alexander Dyck, David A. Moss and Luigi Zingales
We argue that profit-maximizing media helps overcome the problem of "rational ignorance" highlighted by Downs (1957) and in so doing makes elected representatives more sensitive to the interests of general voters. By collecting news and combining it with entertainment,... View Details
Dyck, Alexander, David A. Moss, and Luigi Zingales. "Media versus Special Interests." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 14360, September 2008.
- 2021
- Working Paper
Equilibrium Effects of Pay Transparency
By: Zoë B. Cullen and Bobak Pakzad-Hurson
The public discourse around pay transparency has focused on the direct effect: how workers seek
to rectify newly-disclosed pay inequities through renegotiations. The question of how wage-setting
and hiring practices of the firm respond in equilibrium has received... View Details
- July 2009 (Revised June 2010)
- Supplement
Executive Pay and the Credit Crisis of 2008 (B)
By: V.G. Narayanan and Lisa Brem
As the recession lingered on into 2009, the U.S. government sought to limit executive pay and excessive risk. The debate raged over what constituted excessive risk and how best to mitigate it. This case describes the government restrictions on executive pay for TARP... View Details
Keywords: Financial Crisis; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Government Legislation; Executive Compensation; Risk Management; Business and Government Relations; Motivation and Incentives; United States
Narayanan, V.G., and Lisa Brem. "Executive Pay and the Credit Crisis of 2008 (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 110-005, July 2009. (Revised June 2010.)
- 10 Nov 2014
- Working Paper Summaries
Crony Capitalism, American Style: What Are We Talking About Here?
Keywords: by Malcolm S. Salter
- March 2009
- Background Note
Note on the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 (BAPCPA)
By: Stuart C. Gilson
In 2005, new legislation was passed by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by the President that introduced a number of major amendments to U.S. bankruptcy law, affecting both business and consumer bankruptcies. This legislation, called the Bankruptcy Abuse... View Details
Keywords: Government Legislation; Restructuring; Personal Finance; Laws and Statutes; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Corporate Finance
Gilson, Stuart C. "Note on the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 (BAPCPA)." Harvard Business School Background Note 209-133, March 2009.
- 07 Jul 2009
- First Look
First Look: July 7
driven at least partly by career concerns. Download the paper: http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/09-014.pdf Policy Bundling to Overcome Loss Aversion: A Method for Improving Legislative Outcomes Authors:Katherine L. Milkman, Mary Carol... View Details
Keywords: Martha Lagace
- Research Summary
Corporate Diplomacy
Michael Watkins is defining a top management function of increasing importance: the conduct of corporate diplomacy. Senior executives conduct the business equivalent of international diplomacy when they negotiate to sustain or transform relationships with influential... View Details
- May 2010 (Revised July 2010)
- Case
Bank of America Acquires Merrill Lynch (A)
By: Robert C. Pozen and Charles E. Beresford
On December 22, 2008, Bank of America (BofA) chairman and CEO Ken Lewis convened a special board of directors meeting to review his company's pending acquisition of investment bank Merrill Lynch. Negotiations for the acquisition had begun a few months earlier, during... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Decision Choices and Conditions; Financial Crisis; Corporate Governance; Government Legislation; Crisis Management; Business and Government Relations; Banking Industry
Pozen, Robert C., and Charles E. Beresford. "Bank of America Acquires Merrill Lynch (A)." Harvard Business School Case 310-092, May 2010. (Revised July 2010.)
- October 2016
- Supplement
Moshe Kahlon: Telecommunications Reform and Competition in Israel's Cellular Market (B)
By: Joshua Margolis, Amram Migdal and Kerry Herman
The case complements “Moshe Kahlon: Telecommunications Reform and Competition in Israel’s Cellular Market (A),” HBS case number 417-017, which addresses reforms to regulations in Israel’s telecommunications industry initiated and implemented under the leadership of... View Details
Keywords: Market Reform; Political Leadership; Industry Regulation; Regulatory Reforms; Economic Sectors; Private Sector; Public Sector; Values and Beliefs; Ethics; Geography; Geopolitical Units; Country; Government and Politics; Government Administration; Government Legislation; Leadership; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Market Design; Market Participation; Duopoly and Oligopoly; Supply and Industry; Industry Structures; Telecommunications Industry; Communications Industry; Public Administration Industry; Israel
Margolis, Joshua, Amram Migdal, and Kerry Herman. "Moshe Kahlon: Telecommunications Reform and Competition in Israel's Cellular Market (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 417-018, October 2016.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry: Lessons from Cardiac Surgery
By: David M. Cutler, Robert S. Huckman and Jonathan T. Kolstad
Prior studies suggest that, with elastically supplied inputs, free entry may lead to an inefficiently high number of firms in equilibrium. Under input scarcity, however, the welfare loss from free entry is reduced. Further, free entry may increase use of high-quality... View Details
Keywords: Government Legislation; Health Care and Treatment; Medical Specialties; Market Entry and Exit; Welfare; Health Industry; Pennsylvania
Cutler, David M., Robert S. Huckman, and Jonathan T. Kolstad. "Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry: Lessons from Cardiac Surgery." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-011, August 2009.
- 2009
- Working Paper
Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry: Lessons from Cardiac Surgery
By: David M. Cutler, Robert S. Huckman and Jonathan T. Kolstad
Prior studies suggest that, with elastically supplied inputs, free entry may lead to an inefficiently high number of firms in equilibrium. Under input scarcity, however, the welfare loss from free entry is reduced. Further, free entry may increase use of high-quality... View Details
- 2019
- Working Paper
U.S. Antitrust Law and Policy in Historical Perspective
By: Laura Phillips Sawyer
The key pieces of antitrust legislation in the United States—the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and the Clayton Act of 1914—contain broad language that has afforded the courts wide latitude in interpreting and enforcing the law. This article chronicles the judiciary’s... View Details
Keywords: Antitrust; Trusts; Restraint Of Trade; Merger; Cartel; New Deal; Harvard School; Chicago School Of Law And Economics; Post-Chicago; Law; Competition; Policy; Vertical Integration; Horizontal Integration; Acquisition
Phillips Sawyer, Laura. "U.S. Antitrust Law and Policy in Historical Perspective." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-110, May 2019. (Revised September 2019.)
- 2007
- Article
Pharmacovigilance and the Missing Denominator: The Changing Context of Pharmaceutical Risk Mitigation
By: Arthur A. Daemmrich
In the wake of Vioxx, Avandia, and other recent prominent cases of drugs found to cause side effects after marketing, the safety of pharmaceuticals has come to the forefront of American public policy. Press attention, congressional investigations, and legislative... View Details
Keywords: Brands and Branding; Policy; Risk Management; Government Legislation; Risk and Uncertainty; Goals and Objectives; Customers; Pharmaceutical Industry; Health Industry; United States
Daemmrich, Arthur A. "Pharmacovigilance and the Missing Denominator: The Changing Context of Pharmaceutical Risk Mitigation." Pharmacy in History 49, no. 2 (2007): 61–75.
- 07 Dec 2009
- Research & Ideas
Government’s Positive Role in Kick-Starting Entrepreneurship
Two well-documented problems can derail government programs to boost new venture activity. First, they can simply get it wrong: allocating funds and support in an inept or, even worse, counterproductive manner. Decisions that seem... View Details
- 2007
- Other Unpublished Work
Say on Pay Vote and CEO Compensation: Evidence from the UK
By: Fabrizio Ferri and David Maber
In this study, we examine the effect on CEO pay of new legislation introduced in the United Kingdom (UK) at the end of 2002 that requires publicly-traded firms to submit an executive remuneration report to a non-binding shareholder vote ("say on pay") at the annual... View Details
- September 2011
- Article
How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?
The credit rating industry has historically been dominated by just two agencies, Moody's and S&P, leading to longstanding legislative and regulatory calls for increased competition. The material entry of a third rating agency (Fitch) to the competitive landscape offers... View Details
Keywords: Credit; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Competition; Forecasting and Prediction; Theory
Becker, Bo, and Todd Milbourn. "How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?" Journal of Financial Economics 101, no. 3 (September 2011): 493–514.
- 2008
- Working Paper
How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?
The credit rating industry has historically been dominated by just two agencies, Moody's and S&P, leading to longstanding legislative and regulatory calls for increased competition. The material entry of a third rating agency (Fitch) to the competitive landscape offers... View Details
Keywords: Credit; Financial Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Quality; Reputation; Competition; Financial Services Industry
Becker, Bo, and Todd Milbourn. "How Did Increased Competition Affect Credit Ratings?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 09-051, October 2008. (Revised July 2009, September 2010.)
- December 2023
- Case
TikTok: The Algorithm Will See You Now
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Shweta Bagai
In a world where attention is a scarce commodity, this case explores the meteoric rise of TikTok—an app that transformed from a niche platform for teens into the most visited domain by 2021—surpassing even Google. Its algorithm was a sophisticated mechanism for... View Details
Keywords: Social Media; Applications and Software; Disruptive Innovation; Business and Government Relations; International Relations; Cybersecurity; Culture; Technology Industry; China; United States; India
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Shweta Bagai. "TikTok: The Algorithm Will See You Now." Harvard Business School Case 824-125, December 2023.
- April 2017 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity
By: Nien-hê Hsieh and Victor Wu
Through the challenges facing Target, the case examines ways in which corporations can become involved in political and legislative debates and processes, ranging from campaign contributions to lobbying to political activism. In 2016, Target CEO Brian Cornell must... View Details
Keywords: Boycott; Corporate Political Activity; Lobbying; LGBTQ; Campaign Contributions; Campaign Finance; Retail; Shareholder Activism; Public Opinion; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Problems and Challenges; Laws and Statutes; Rights; Crisis Management; Risk Management; Media; Political Elections; Taxation; Corporate Accountability; Values and Beliefs; Fairness; Diversity; Customers; Communication; Business and Government Relations; Retail Industry; United States
Hsieh, Nien-hê, and Victor Wu. "Making Target the Target: Boycotts and Corporate Political Activity." Harvard Business School Case 317-113, April 2017. (Revised March 2024.)