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- All HBS Web
(3,213)
- People (18)
- News (689)
- Research (1,719)
- Events (1)
- Multimedia (17)
- Faculty Publications (1,114)
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- December 1999 (Revised November 2001)
- Background Note
Note on Private Equity Securities, A
By: G. Felda Hardymon and Josh Lerner
Provides an overview of the primary securities used in private equity, their structures, and the economic motivation behind their designs. View Details
Hardymon, G. Felda, and Josh Lerner. "Note on Private Equity Securities, A." Harvard Business School Background Note 200-027, December 1999. (Revised November 2001.)
- Teaching Interest
Private Equity and Venture Capital (Executive Education)
By: Josh Lerner
As equity markets appear to strengthen, interest rates remain low, and asset values look attractive, private equity firms are uniquely positioned to pursue new opportunities. This
- April 2006 (Revised April 2012)
- Background Note
The Role of Private Equity Firms in Merger and Acquisition Transactions
Explores the importance of private equity firms in merger and acquisitions activity around the globe. In many countries, these firms now account for one quarter of the total merger and acquisition activity of all firms. The larger private equity firms generate fees for... View Details
Keywords: Leveraged Buyouts; Mergers and Acquisitions; Private Equity; Investment Funds; Value Creation
Fruhan, William E., Jr. "The Role of Private Equity Firms in Merger and Acquisition Transactions." Harvard Business School Background Note 206-101, April 2006. (Revised April 2012.)
- Article
Do Private Equity Firms Have Better Management Practices?
By: Nicholas Bloom, Raffaella Sadun and John Van Reenen
Using an innovative survey measure of management practices on over 15,000 firms, we find private equity firms are better managed than government, family, and privately owned firms, and have similar management to publicly listed firms. This is true both in developed and... View Details
Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun, and John Van Reenen. "Do Private Equity Firms Have Better Management Practices?" American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 105, no. 5 (May 2015): 442–446.
- November 2007
- Article
If Private Equity Sized Up Your Business
By: Robert C. Pozen
This article includes a one-page preview that quickly summarizes the key ideas and provides an overview of how the concepts work in practice along with suggestions for further reading. As the dust settles on the recent frenzy of private equity deals (including... View Details
Keywords: Mergers and Acquisitions; Capital Structure; Private Equity; Investment Return; Governing and Advisory Boards; Executive Compensation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Value Creation; Financial Services Industry
Pozen, Robert C. "If Private Equity Sized Up Your Business." Harvard Business Review 85, no. 11 (November 2007).
- September 1998 (Revised May 2011)
- Background Note
Note on Private Equity Information Sources
By: Josh Lerner and Ann Leamon
Provides an overview of key information sources about venture capital and private equity. View Details
Lerner, Josh, and Ann Leamon. "Note on Private Equity Information Sources." Harvard Business School Background Note 299-018, September 1998. (Revised May 2011.)
- May 2011 (Revised September 2015)
- Background Note
A Note on Private Equity in Developing Countries
By: Josh Lerner, Ann Leamon and Abishai Vase
This note provides an overview of private equity in emerging markets as of late 2009. View Details
Keywords: Development Economics; Developing Countries and Economies; Private Equity; Investment; Emerging Markets
Lerner, Josh, Ann Leamon, and Abishai Vase. "A Note on Private Equity in Developing Countries." Harvard Business School Background Note 811-102, May 2011. (Revised September 2015.)
- November 1992 (Revised December 1994)
- Case
BEA Associates: Enhanced Equity Index Funds
By: Andre F. Perold
BEA's enhanced index fund product uses derivatives and cash market securities to find the most efficient way to "track an index." The considerations involve transaction costs, custodial fees, withholding taxes on dividends, and fees from securities lending. In this... View Details
Keywords: Credit Derivatives and Swaps; Investment Portfolio; Management; Investment Banking; Competitive Advantage; Cost Management
Perold, Andre F. "BEA Associates: Enhanced Equity Index Funds." Harvard Business School Case 293-024, November 1992. (Revised December 1994.)
- Article
The Disintermediation of Financial Markets: Direct Investing in Private Equity
By: Lily Fang, Victoria Ivashina and Josh Lerner
We examine twenty years of direct private equity investments by seven large institutions. These direct investments perform better than public market indices, especially buyout investments and those made in the 1990s. Outperformance by the direct investments, however,... View Details
Keywords: Financial Intermediation; Direct Investment; Co-investment; Private Equity; Entrepreneurship; Financial Markets
Fang, Lily, Victoria Ivashina, and Josh Lerner. "The Disintermediation of Financial Markets: Direct Investing in Private Equity." Journal of Financial Economics 116, no. 1 (April 2015): 160–178.
- April 2019
- Article
Private Equity and Financial Fragility during the Crisis
By: Shai Bernstein, Josh Lerner and Filippo Mezzanotti
Do private equity firms contribute to financial fragility during economic crises? We find that during the 2008 financial crisis, PE-backed companies increased investments relative to their peers, while also experiencing greater equity and debt inflows. The effects are... View Details
Bernstein, Shai, Josh Lerner, and Filippo Mezzanotti. "Private Equity and Financial Fragility during the Crisis." Review of Financial Studies 32, no. 4 (April 2019): 1309–1373. (Earlier version distributed as National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 23626 and Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 18-005.)
- Article
Real Estate Opportunity Funds
By: Nori Gerardo Lietz, Thea C. Hahn and David Geltner
Real estate opportunity funds are one of the fastest-growing segments of the real estate investment industry, similar in some basic respects to other private equity and alternative investment asset classes that seek high returns by taking on more risk in highly... View Details
Keywords: Real Estate; Opportunity Funds; Investment Management; Property; Investment Funds; Management; Performance Consistency
Lietz, Nori Gerardo, Thea C. Hahn, and David Geltner. "Real Estate Opportunity Funds." Journal of Portfolio Management 31, no. 5 (2005): 143–153. (Special Real Estate Issue 2005.)
- November 2012 (Revised January 2014)
- Case
HCA, Inc. LBO Exit
This case discusses the events following the 2006 $33.2 billion buyout of Hospital Corporation of America (HCA) by a consortium of private equity firms, including Bain Capital, KKR, and Merrill Lynch's private equity arm. The case highlights some of the core features... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Finance; Stockholders; Dividends; Private Equity; Initial Public Offering
Ivashina, Victoria. "HCA, Inc. LBO Exit." Harvard Business School Case 813-056, November 2012. (Revised January 2014.)
- December 1994 (Revised November 1997)
- Background Note
Information Sources About Private Equity
By: Josh Lerner
Provides an overview of key sources of information. View Details
Keywords: Private Equity
Lerner, Josh. "Information Sources About Private Equity." Harvard Business School Background Note 295-066, December 1994. (Revised November 1997.)
- 2015
- Working Paper
Replicating Private Equity with Value Investing, Homemade Leverage, and Hold-to-Maturity Accounting
By: Erik Stafford
Private equity funds tend to select relatively small firms with low EBITDA multiples. Publicly traded equities with these characteristics have high risk-adjusted returns after controlling for common factors typically associated with value stocks. Hold-to-maturity... View Details
Keywords: Value Investing; Endowments; Investment Management; Asset Pricing; Private Equity; Investment; Management; United States
Stafford, Erik. "Replicating Private Equity with Value Investing, Homemade Leverage, and Hold-to-Maturity Accounting." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-081, January 2016.
- 04 Aug 2017
- Working Paper Summaries
Private Equity and Financial Fragility During the Crisis
- Winter 2002
- Article
Private Equity in Latin America: The Mexican Case
By: Roberto Charvel and Juan Carlos de Yeregui
This article describes the private equity industry in Mexico from the late 1990's to the begining of the 2000's as well as gives a potential perspective for its coming years. View Details
Keywords: Emerging Economies; Latin America; Mexico; Developing Countries and Economies; Private Sector; Asset Management; Capital Markets; Venture Capital; Private Equity; Financial Services Industry; Latin America
Charvel, Roberto, and Juan Carlos de Yeregui. "Private Equity in Latin America: The Mexican Case." Journal of Private Equity 6, no. 1 (Winter 2002): 30–41.
- January 2020
- Teaching Note
Enfoca: Private Equity in Peru
By: Victoria Ivashina and Terrence Shu
Teaching Note for HBS No. 219-030. View Details
- February 1997 (Revised March 1998)
- Case
Smith Breeden Associates: The Equity Plus Fund (A)
By: Robert C. Merton and Alberto Moel
In early 1997, Smith Breeden Associates, a money management and consulting firm, was pondering the future of the Equity Plus Fund. The Equity Plus Fund was an S&P enhanced-index fund that tried to outperform the S&P Index by replicating the index using low-cost... View Details
Keywords: Assets; Cash; Financial Markets; Financial Strategy; Mortgages; Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Marketing; Performance; Consulting Industry
Merton, Robert C., and Alberto Moel. "Smith Breeden Associates: The Equity Plus Fund (A)." Harvard Business School Case 297-089, February 1997. (Revised March 1998.)
- 2015
- Working Paper
What Do Private Equity Firms Say They Do?
By: Paul A. Gompers, Steven N. Kaplan and Vladimir Mukharlyamov
We survey 79 private equity investors with combined assets under management (AUM) of over $750 billion about their practices in firm valuation, capital structure, governance, and value creation. Investors rely primarily on internal rate of return (IRR) and multiples to... View Details
Keywords: Governance; Value Creation; Private Equity; Capital Structure; Valuation; Management Practices and Processes
Gompers, Paul A., Steven N. Kaplan, and Vladimir Mukharlyamov. "What Do Private Equity Firms Say They Do?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-081, April 2015.