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      by Laura AlfaroRemove by Laura Alfaro →

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      • June 2018 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Renegotiating NAFTA

      By: Laura Alfaro, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason and Sarah Jeong
      January 1, 2019 marked the 25th anniversary of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Twenty-five years after the landmark trade pact was signed by the United States, Canada, and Mexico, considerable debate surrounded it. Trade and trade agreements were a... View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Negotiation; Agreements and Arrangements; Cost vs Benefits; Auto Industry; United States; Mexico; Canada
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      Alfaro, Laura, Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason, and Sarah Jeong. "Renegotiating NAFTA." Harvard Business School Case 318-143, June 2018. (Revised January 2020.)
      • May 2018
      • Article

      Selection and Market Reallocation: Productivity Gains from Multinational Production

      By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie X. Chen
      Assessing the productivity gains from multinational production has been a vital topic of economic research and policy debate. Positive aggregate productivity gains are often attributed to within-firm productivity improvement; however, an alternative, less emphasized... View Details
      Keywords: Productivity Gains; Multinational Production; Selection; Market Reallocation; And Within-firm Productivity; Multinational Firms and Management; Production; Performance Productivity; Competition; Mathematical Methods
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie X. Chen. "Selection and Market Reallocation: Productivity Gains from Multinational Production." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 10, no. 2 (May 2018): 1–38. (Also NBER Working Paper 18207. See Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12–111, 2015 for longer version.)
      • February 2018
      • Case

      Lisbon Revisited

      By: Laura Alfaro and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason. "Lisbon Revisited." Harvard Business School Case 718-039, February 2018.
      • 2018
      • Chapter

      Transportation Cost and the Geography of Foreign Investment

      By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Chen
      Falling transportation costs and rapid technological progress in recent decades have precipitated an explosion of cross-border flows in goods, services, investments, and ideas led by multinational firms. Extensive research has sought to understand the geographic... View Details
      Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Cost; Transportation; Geographic Scope; Geographic Location
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Chen. "Transportation Cost and the Geography of Foreign Investment." In Handbook of International Trade and Transportation, edited by Bruce Blonigen and Wesley W. Wilson. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018.
      • 2018
      • Book Review

      Book Review of Israel and the World Economy: The Power of Globalization, by Assaf Razin

      By: Laura Alfaro
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      Alfaro, Laura. "Book Review of Israel and the World Economy: The Power of Globalization, by Assaf Razin." Israel Economic Review 15, no. 1 (2018): 111–115.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Real Exchange Rate, Innovation and Productivity

      By: Laura Alfaro, Alejandro Cuñat, Harald Fadinger and Yanping Liu
      We evaluate manufacturing firms' responses to changes in the real exchange rate (RER) using detailed firm-level data for a large set of countries for the period 2001–2010. We uncover the following stylized facts about regional variation of manufacturing firms'... View Details
      Keywords: Real Exchange Rate; Firm Level Data; Innovation; Productivity; Exporting; Importing; Credit Constraints; Currency Exchange Rate; Innovation and Invention; Performance Productivity
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      Alfaro, Laura, Alejandro Cuñat, Harald Fadinger, and Yanping Liu. "The Real Exchange Rate, Innovation and Productivity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-044, November 2017. (Revised April 2020.)
      • 2017
      • Report

      The American Angel: The First In-Depth Report on the Demographics and Investing Activity of Individual American Angel Investors

      By: Laura Huang, Andy Wu, Min Ju Lee, Jiayi Bao, Marianne Hudson and Elaine Bolle
      Early-stage financing from angel investors is critical to the success of high-growth startups. Recent estimates suggest that annual US angel investment activity may total as much as $24 billion each year, contributing to the growth and success of more than 64,000... View Details
      Keywords: Angel Investors; Geography; Risk; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Demographics; Geographic Location; Decision Making; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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      Huang, Laura, Andy Wu, Min Ju Lee, Jiayi Bao, Marianne Hudson, and Elaine Bolle. "The American Angel: The First In-Depth Report on the Demographics and Investing Activity of Individual American Angel Investors." Report, Overland Park, KS, November 2017.
      • September 2017
      • Teaching Note

      The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?

      By: Laura Alfaro and Hayley Pallan
      In the early 21st century, there was a noticeable trend of declining productivity growth. Despite the persistent decline in productivity growth, a consensus on its explanation had not been reached. Some of the debate focused on the technicalities of productivity... View Details
      Keywords: Performance Productivity; Measurement and Metrics; Technological Innovation; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Globalization; Business and Government Relations
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Hayley Pallan. "The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?" Harvard Business School Teaching Note 718-014, September 2017.
      • September 2017 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?

      By: Laura Alfaro, Hayley Pallan and Sarah Jeong
      In the early 21st century, there was a noticeable trend of declining productivity growth. Despite the persistent decline in productivity growth, a consensus on its explanation had not been reached. Some of the debate focused on the technicalities of productivity... View Details
      Keywords: Productivity; Performance Productivity; Measurement and Metrics; Technological Innovation; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Globalization; Business and Government Relations
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      Alfaro, Laura, Hayley Pallan, and Sarah Jeong. "The Productivity Decline: Demographics, Robots, or Globalization?" Harvard Business School Case 718-013, September 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
      • May 2017 (Revised November 2017)
      • Case

      Cotopaxi: Managing Growth for Good

      By: Andy Wu and Laura Huang
      Cotopaxi, an innovative outdoor gear business targeting millennials, focuses on profit and social impact. This registered benefit corporation was formed by Davis Smith who coalesced his experiences as a Wharton MBA student along with professional knowledge from an... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Social Venture; Benefit Corporation; B-Corp; Retail; Consumer Products; Apparel; Social Impact; Social Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Product Positioning; Social Enterprise; Mission and Purpose; Consumer Products Industry; Retail Industry
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      Wu, Andy, and Laura Huang. "Cotopaxi: Managing Growth for Good." Harvard Business School Case 717-488, May 2017. (Revised November 2017.)
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Lessons Unlearned? Corporate Debt in Emerging Markets

      By: Laura Alfaro, Gonzalo Asis, Anusha Chari and Ugo Panizza
      This paper documents a set of new stylized facts about leverage and financial fragility for emerging market firms following the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Corporate debt vulnerability indicators during the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC) attributed to corporate... View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Debt; Financial Fragility; Firm-level Data; Large Firms; Emerging Markets; Borrowing and Debt; Corporate Finance; Financial Condition
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      Alfaro, Laura, Gonzalo Asis, Anusha Chari, and Ugo Panizza. "Lessons Unlearned? Corporate Debt in Emerging Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-097, May 2017. (Revised October 2017. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 23407, May 2017)
      • April 2017 (Revised August 2018)
      • Case

      The U.S. Shale Revolution: Global Rebalancing?

      By: Laura Alfaro and Richard H.K. Vietor
      The American shale revolution has upended oil and gas markets for nearly a decade. Prices have risen then plunged, production has surged and then waned, LNG has boomed, and technology and productivity have improved. The U.S. energy policy, under the Obama... View Details
      Keywords: Shale Oil; Shale Gas; LNG; Energy Policy; Drilling Technology; Energy; Trade; Economics; Macroeconomics; Policy; Energy Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Middle East
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Richard H.K. Vietor. "The U.S. Shale Revolution: Global Rebalancing?" Harvard Business School Case 717-056, April 2017. (Revised August 2018.)
      • Article

      Market Reactions to Sovereign Litigation

      By: Faisal Z. Ahmed and Laura Alfaro
      Recent rulings in the ongoing litigation over the pari passu clause in Argentinian sovereign debt instruments have generated considerable controversy. Some official-sector participants and academic articles have suggested that the rulings will disrupt or impede... View Details
      Keywords: Sovereign Debt; Litigation; Vulture Funds; Argentina; Sovereign Finance; Lawsuits and Litigation; Markets; Argentina
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      Ahmed, Faisal Z., and Laura Alfaro. "Market Reactions to Sovereign Litigation." Capital Markets Law Journal 12, no. 2 (April 2017): 141–163.
      • Article

      Gains from Foreign Direct Investment: Macro and Micro Approaches

      By: Laura Alfaro
      This paper discussed the importance of an “integrated approach” to the study of the effects of FDI on host countries. Macro-level work that examines countries at different stages of development and institutional capacity is needed to surface the role of local... View Details
      Keywords: Spillovers; Complementarities; Mechanism; Foreign Direct Investment; Economic Growth
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      Alfaro, Laura. "Gains from Foreign Direct Investment: Macro and Micro Approaches." World Bank Economic Review 30, Suppl. 1 (March 2017): S2–S15. (World Bank’s ABCDE Conference Keynote Presentation. Published early online March 23, 2016.)
      • January 2017 (Revised April 2019)
      • Case

      The Olmos Project: Value Creation and Value Capture

      By: John Macomber, Fernanda Miguel, Laura Urdapilleta and Valeria Moy
      Private investment in public infrastructure can be encouraged when there are multiple avenues to capture and to share the value created by such a project. Gains in the market value of land adjacent to projects are not customarily channeled back into defraying the... View Details
      Keywords: Value Capture; Infrastructure; Decision Making; Agribusiness; Value Creation; South America; Peru
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      Macomber, John, Fernanda Miguel, Laura Urdapilleta, and Valeria Moy. "The Olmos Project: Value Creation and Value Capture." Harvard Business School Case 217-052, January 2017. (Revised April 2019.)
      • 2017
      • Chapter

      Multinational Activity in Emerging Markets: How and When Does Foreign Direct Investment Promote Growth?

      By: Laura Alfaro
      Among the prominent economic trends in recent decades is the exponential increase in flows of goods and capital driven by technological progress and a falling number of restrictions. A key driver of this phenomenon has been the cross-border production, foreign... View Details
      Keywords: Multinational Activity; Growth; Spillovers; Complementarities; Foreign Direct Investment; Emerging Markets; Growth and Development; Multinational Firms and Management
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      Alfaro, Laura. "Multinational Activity in Emerging Markets: How and When Does Foreign Direct Investment Promote Growth?" In Geography, Location, and Strategy. Vol. 36, edited by Juan Alcácer, Bruce Kogut, Catherine Thomas, and Bernard Yin Yeung, 429–462. Advances in Strategic Management. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017.
      • 2017
      • Article

      Refugees Misdirected: How Information, Misinformation and Rumors Shape Refugees’ Access to Fundamental Rights

      By: Melissa Carlson, Laura Jakli and Katerina Linos
      The global refugee regime represents one of the few generous commitments governments offer to outsiders. Indeed, few persons fleeing armed conflict actually claim international protection upon first arriving in Europe, even though the benefits of legal protection are... View Details
      Keywords: Refugees; Knowledge Dissemination; Trust; Risk and Uncertainty; Rights; Europe
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      Carlson, Melissa, Laura Jakli, and Katerina Linos. "Refugees Misdirected: How Information, Misinformation and Rumors Shape Refugees’ Access to Fundamental Rights." Virginia Journal of International Law 57, no. 3 (2017): 539–574.
      • December 2016 (Revised January 2017)
      • Supplement

      Colombia: the National System for Competitiveness and Innovation

      By: Laura Alfaro and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Haviland Sheldahl-Thomason. "Colombia: the National System for Competitiveness and Innovation." Harvard Business School Supplement 717-031, December 2016. (Revised January 2017.)
      • 2016
      • Other Article

      Multinational Firms, Value Chains, and Vertical Integration

      By: Laura Alfaro
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      Alfaro, Laura. "Multinational Firms, Value Chains, and Vertical Integration." NBER Reporter, no. 3 (2016). (Research Summary.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Fiscal Rules and Sovereign Default

      By: Laura Alfaro and Fabio Kanczuk
      Recurrent concerns over debt sustainability in emerging and developed nations have prompted renewed debate on the role of fiscal rules. Their optimality, however, remains unclear. We provide a quantitative analysis of fiscal rules in a standard model of sovereign debt... View Details
      Keywords: Sovereign Debt; Hyperbolic Discounting; Fiscal Rules; Sovereign Finance
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. "Fiscal Rules and Sovereign Default." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-134, June 2016. (Also NBER Working Paper w23370. Revised January 2019.)
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