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All HBS Web
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- Faculty Publications (1,766)
Wellness →
- 2024
- Working Paper
Warnings and Endorsements: Improving Human-AI Collaboration Under Covariate Shift
By: Matthew DosSantos DiSorbo and Kris Ferreira
Problem definition: While artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms may perform well on data that are representative of the training set (inliers), they may err when extrapolating on non-representative data (outliers). These outliers often originate from covariate shift,...
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DosSantos DiSorbo, Matthew, and Kris Ferreira. "Warnings and Endorsements: Improving Human-AI Collaboration Under Covariate Shift." Working Paper, February 2024.
- 2024
- Report
Overcoming Barriers to Resolving Gaza and Beyond
As of early January 2024, discussion of the Gaza war heavily focuses on its humanitarian costs, cease fire possibilities, hostage prospects, and “day after” options. Yet what longer-term strategy guides actions on these vital issues while offering a more positive...
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Sebenius, James K. "Overcoming Barriers to Resolving Gaza and Beyond." Report, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, January 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups
By: Nataliya Langburd Wright, Frank Nagle and Shane Greenstein
How does participating in open source software (OSS) communities spur entrepreneurial growth?
To address this question, we analyze novel data matching accounts from GitHub—the largest OSS
hosting platform—to the universe of global software venture-backed firms...
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Keywords:
Applications and Software;
Open Source Distribution;
Entrepreneurship;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Human Capital;
Valuation;
Corporate Strategy
Wright, Nataliya Langburd, Frank Nagle, and Shane Greenstein. "Contributing to Growth? The Role of Open Source Software for Global Startups." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-040, January 2024. (Revised August 2024.)
- January 2024
- Background Note
Evaluating Innovations in the Organization of Primary Care: What Type of Innovation Is It and How Well Does It Align with the Six Factors?
By: Regina E. Herzlinger and James Wallace
How can we evaluate if innovative health care ventures can do good—benefit society—and do well—become financially viable? This question is the topic of the first module in the Innovating in Health Care course book.
This note and "Health Stop (A): What Type... View Details
This note and "Health Stop (A): What Type... View Details
- January 2024
- Case
Sprouts Farmers Market
By: Rajiv Lal, Forest L. Reinhardt and Natalie Kindred
Sprouts Farmers Markets (Sprouts) is a Phoenix, Arizona-based chain of 400-plus natural foods stores in 23 U.S. states and $6.4 billion in sales as of 2022. In its product assortment, brand image, and store environment, Sprouts emphasizes freshness, health, innovation,...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Strategic Planning;
Sales;
Business Strategy;
Expansion;
Retail Industry;
United States;
Arizona
Lal, Rajiv, Forest L. Reinhardt, and Natalie Kindred. "Sprouts Farmers Market." Harvard Business School Case 524-059, January 2024.
- January 2024
- Article
Population Interference in Panel Experiments
By: Kevin Wu Han, Guillaume Basse and Iavor Bojinov
The phenomenon of population interference, where a treatment assigned to one experimental unit affects another experimental unit’s outcome, has received considerable attention in standard randomized experiments. The complications produced by population interference in...
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Han, Kevin Wu, Guillaume Basse, and Iavor Bojinov. "Population Interference in Panel Experiments." Journal of Econometrics 238, no. 1 (January 2024).
- 2024
- Report
The Eco-Digital EraTM: The Dual Transition to a Sustainable and Digital Economy
By: Suraj Srinivasan, Andy Feinstein, Amol Khadikar, Jiani Zhang, Noémie Lauer, Hiral Shah, Sally Epstein, Jerome Buvat and Vaishnavee Ananth
Since the proliferation of smartphones and social media in the late 2000s, digital has captured an increasingly large portion of the economy. In this Capgemini Research Institute report, The Eco-Digital EraTM: The dual transition to a sustainable and...
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Srinivasan, Suraj, Andy Feinstein, Amol Khadikar, Jiani Zhang, Noémie Lauer, Hiral Shah, Sally Epstein, Jerome Buvat, and Vaishnavee Ananth. "The Eco-Digital EraTM: The Dual Transition to a Sustainable and Digital Economy." Report, Capgemini Research Institute, January 2024.
- 2023
- Working Paper
Rapport in Organizations: Evidence from Fast Food
By: Achyuta Adhvaryu, Parker Howell, Anant Nyshadham and Jorge Tamayo
Common identity often provides a foundation for workplace rapport. Though gender is perhaps the most frequently studied dimension of identity among workers, little is known about how gender match between managers and their workers might affect team performance. Using...
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Keywords:
Management;
Relationships;
Gender;
Labor and Management Relations;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Employees;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Colombia
Adhvaryu, Achyuta, Parker Howell, Anant Nyshadham, and Jorge Tamayo. "Rapport in Organizations: Evidence from Fast Food." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-032, November 2023.
- December 8, 2023
- Article
What Makes a Company Great at Producing Leaders?
By: Sarah Abbott, Robin Abrahams and Boris Groysberg
GE is well known as an “academy company”—a talent incubator that exports effective leaders to other organizations and even industries. To better understand which companies are top talent incubators today, the authors worked with the Official Board, a firm that provides...
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Keywords:
Personal Development and Career;
Talent and Talent Management;
Training;
Organizational Culture
Abbott, Sarah, Robin Abrahams, and Boris Groysberg. "What Makes a Company Great at Producing Leaders?" Harvard Business Review (website) (December 8, 2023).
- 2023
- Article
Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam—A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset
By: Junling Liu, Peilin Zhou, Yining Hua, Dading Chong, Zhongyu Tian, Andrew Liu, Helin Wang, Chenyu You, Zhenhua Guo, Lei Zhu and Michael Lingzhi Li
Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have transformed the field of question answering (QA). However, evaluating LLMs in the medical field is challenging due to the lack of standardized and comprehensive datasets. To address this gap, we introduce CMExam,...
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Keywords:
Large Language Model;
AI and Machine Learning;
Analytics and Data Science;
Health Industry
Liu, Junling, Peilin Zhou, Yining Hua, Dading Chong, Zhongyu Tian, Andrew Liu, Helin Wang, Chenyu You, Zhenhua Guo, Lei Zhu, and Michael Lingzhi Li. "Benchmarking Large Language Models on CMExam—A Comprehensive Chinese Medical Exam Dataset." Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), Datasets and Benchmarks Track 36 (2023).
- 2023
- Chapter
Malleability Interventions in Intergroup Relations
By: Smadar Cohen-Chen, Amit Goldenberg, James J. Gross and Eran Halperin
One important characteristic of intergroup relations and conflicts is the fact that toxic or violent intergroup relations are often associated with fixed and stable perceptions of various entities, including the ingroup (stable and positive), the outgroup (stable and...
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Cohen-Chen, Smadar, Amit Goldenberg, James J. Gross, and Eran Halperin. "Malleability Interventions in Intergroup Relations." Chap. 7 in Psychological Intergroup Interventions: Evidence-based Approaches to Improve Intergroup Relations, by Eran Halperin, Boaz Hameiri, and Rebecca Littman. Routledge, 2023.
- November 22, 2023
- Article
Unifying Your Company Around a Moral Goal
By: Ranjay Gulati
In turbulent times, companies need a reliable anchor to guide decision-making. When organizations become moral communities, underpinned by purpose, they provide that stability for stakeholders as well as a reassuring sense of hope, solidarity, agency, and meaning....
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Gulati, Ranjay. "Unifying Your Company Around a Moral Goal." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (November 22, 2023).
- 2023
- Article
Which Models Have Perceptually-Aligned Gradients? An Explanation via Off-Manifold Robustness
By: Suraj Srinivas, Sebastian Bordt and Himabindu Lakkaraju
One of the remarkable properties of robust computer vision models is that their input-gradients are often aligned with human perception, referred to in the literature as perceptually-aligned gradients (PAGs). Despite only being trained for classification, PAGs cause...
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Srinivas, Suraj, Sebastian Bordt, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Which Models Have Perceptually-Aligned Gradients? An Explanation via Off-Manifold Robustness." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) (2023).
- November 2023 (Revised April 2024)
- Case
BiomX: Bringing Phage Back to the Stage
By: Paul A. Gompers, Elie Ofek, Orna Dan and Emilie Billaud
In the spring of 2023, and following the favorable results of a trial involving its phage cocktail for treating lung infections among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, the leadership of BiomX had several critical issues to wrestle with. First, given its precarious...
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Keywords:
Working Capital;
Financing and Loans;
Health Testing and Trials;
Product Development;
Research and Development;
Science-Based Business;
Commercialization;
Biotechnology Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry
Gompers, Paul A., Elie Ofek, Orna Dan, and Emilie Billaud. "BiomX: Bringing Phage Back to the Stage." Harvard Business School Case 524-051, November 2023. (Revised April 2024.)
- November 2023
- Case
Decarbonizing Shipping at A.P. Moeller-Maersk (A)
By: Willy Shih, Michael W. Toffel and Kelsey Carter
Container shipping was responsible for moving more than 80% of globally traded goods, and almost 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. A.P. Moeller-Maersk, one of the top three container lines, conducted an extensive lifecycle assessment (LCA) of alternative fuels,...
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Keywords:
Greenhouse Gas Emissions;
Energy Sources;
Environmental Sustainability;
Ship Transportation;
Shipping Industry
Shih, Willy, Michael W. Toffel, and Kelsey Carter. "Decarbonizing Shipping at A.P. Moeller-Maersk (A)." Harvard Business School Case 624-049, November 2023.
- November 2023 (Revised March 2024)
- Case
Infarm: Betting the (Indoor) Farm on Food Security
By: Elie Ofek
In the summer of 2023, the co-founders of Infarm, a controlled environment agriculture (CEA) company, were contemplating a major pivot going forward. While Infarm had successfully shown it could grow over 75 products—mainly herbs, leafy greens and mushrooms—in modular...
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Keywords:
Plant-Based Agribusiness;
Business Model;
Market Entry and Exit;
Science-Based Business;
Business Strategy;
Transition;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Europe;
North America;
Toronto;
Northeastern United States
Ofek, Elie. "Infarm: Betting the (Indoor) Farm on Food Security." Harvard Business School Case 524-043, November 2023. (Revised March 2024.)
- November 2023 (Revised May 2024)
- Case
Kickstarter: Crowdfunding for the Arts
By: Rohit Deshpandé and Alexis Lefort
Kickstarter was a virtual crowdfunding platform and community that allowed creators of all kinds to raise funding for creative projects. The executive team was wrestling with a tension in its business model: the organization earned the majority of its revenue from...
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Keywords:
Fundraising;
Mission;
Crowdfunding;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Mission and Purpose;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Arts;
Web Services Industry;
United States
Deshpandé, Rohit, and Alexis Lefort. "Kickstarter: Crowdfunding for the Arts." Harvard Business School Case 524-016, November 2023. (Revised May 2024.)
- November 2023
- Case
Will Fintechs and Central Banks Play in Emtech's Sandbox?
By: Daniel Isenberg and William R. Kerr
In February 2023, Emtech’s founder Carmelle Cadet is facing a dilemma. Rapidly running out of cash, Cadet has a term sheet from a leading VC but has a choice of how to structure the investment. The decision will have significant implications for Cadet’s own stake, as...
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Keywords:
Cryptocurrency;
Business Startups;
Venture Capital;
Cash Flow;
Currency;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Digital Platforms
Isenberg, Daniel, and William R. Kerr. "Will Fintechs and Central Banks Play in Emtech's Sandbox?" Harvard Business School Case 824-096, November 2023.
- November 2023
- Case
Tata Group in 2021: Pursuing Profits through Purpose
By: Tarun Khanna, Krishna G. Palepu and Vidhya Muthuram
October 8, 2021: Tata Sons won a bid to acquire India’s national carrier Air India, marking the airline's return to its original owners after 68 long years. The winning bid of $2.4 billion gave Tata Sons full ownership of the airline and its coveted network of 6,200...
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Keywords:
Corporate Strategy;
Mission and Purpose;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Emerging Markets;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Ownership;
Air Transportation;
Air Transportation Industry;
India
Khanna, Tarun, Krishna G. Palepu, and Vidhya Muthuram. "Tata Group in 2021: Pursuing Profits through Purpose." Harvard Business School Case 124-047, November 2023.
- November 2023
- Article
A Quantity-Driven Theory of Term Premia and Exchange Rates
We develop a model in which specialized bond investors must absorb shocks to the supply and demand for long-term bonds in two currencies. Since long-term bonds and foreign exchange are both exposed to unexpected movements in short-term interest rates, a shift in the...
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Greenwood, Robin, Samuel G. Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein, and Adi Sunderam. "A Quantity-Driven Theory of Term Premia and Exchange Rates." Quarterly Journal of Economics 138, no. 4 (November 2023): 2327–2389.