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- All HBS Web
(516)
- News (83)
- Research (366)
- Events (3)
- Multimedia (4)
- Faculty Publications (258)
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- January 2020 (Revised April 2020)
- Case
Fossil Fuel Divestment (Abridged)
By: Michael W. Toffel and Sarah Gulick
The president of Harvard University is facing growing pressure from students, alumni, and other climate change activists that are urging the university to divest its multi-billion dollar endowment from fossil fuel companies. The case summarizes the arguments for and... View Details
Keywords: Divestment; Harvard University; Higher Education; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Public Opinion; Ethics; Education Industry
Toffel, Michael W., and Sarah Gulick. "Fossil Fuel Divestment." Harvard Business School Case 620-093, January 2020. (Revised April 2020.)
- 2017
- Working Paper
The Financial Regulatory Reform Agenda in 2017
We take stock of the post-crisis financial regulatory reform agenda. We highlight and summarize areas of clear progress, where post-crisis reforms should either be maintained or built upon. We then identify several areas where the new regulations could be streamlined... View Details
Greenwood, Robin, Samuel G. Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein, and Adi Sunderam. "The Financial Regulatory Reform Agenda in 2017." Working Paper, February 2017.
- March 2004 (Revised May 2006)
- Background Note
Corporate Reform in the United States
By: Lynn S. Paine and Kim Bettcher
The spate of corporate misdeeds revealed to the American public in 2001 to 2002 prompted corrective action in many quarters of the U.S. economy. The note summarizes some of the steps taken by lawmakers, regulators, law-enforcement officials, companies, investors,... View Details
Keywords: Corporate Governance; Capital Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Trust; United States
Paine, Lynn S., and Kim Bettcher. "Corporate Reform in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 304-091, March 2004. (Revised May 2006.)
- September 2001
- Background Note
Assessing Your Organization's Crisis Response Plans
Organizations inevitably face crises, but few are well prepared to deal with them. This note summarizes the findings of research and experience about what it takes to respond effectively in crisis situations. Provides principles to guide crisis response planning,... View Details
Watkins, Michael D. "Assessing Your Organization's Crisis Response Plans." Harvard Business School Background Note 902-064, September 2001.
- January 2001
- Background Note
Application Service Providers
By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Sanjay Pothen
Examines the Application Service Provider (ASP) business model. First, defines the ASP model and describes different ways to categorize ASPs. Next, summarizes the various ways that ASPs create value for their clients. Then, analyzes the economic model for ASPs,... View Details
Eisenmann, Thomas R., and Sanjay Pothen. "Application Service Providers." Harvard Business School Background Note 801-310, January 2001.
- April 2003 (Revised December 2010)
- Case
Leadership in Crisis: Ernest Shackleton and the Epic Voyage of the Endurance
By: Nancy F. Koehn, Erica Helms and Philip Mead
Provides an opportunity to examine leadership and entrepreneurship in the context of Ernest Shackleton's 1914 Antarctic expedition, a compelling story of crisis, survival, and triumph. Summarizes Shackleton's career as an officer in the British Merchant Marine, his... View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; History; Leadership; Crisis Management; Management Practices and Processes; Groups and Teams; Behavior; Antarctica
Koehn, Nancy F., Erica Helms, and Philip Mead. "Leadership in Crisis: Ernest Shackleton and the Epic Voyage of the Endurance." Harvard Business School Case 803-127, April 2003. (Revised December 2010.)
- March 2023 (Revised March 2025)
- Module Note
LCA Module Overview: Society
By: Nien-hê Hsieh
Leadership and Corporate and Accountability (LCA) is a required course in the first-year MBA curriculum at Harvard Business School to help managers determine and deliver on their economic, legal, and ethical responsibilities. This note summarizes the cases and outlines... View Details
Hsieh, Nien-hê. "LCA Module Overview: Society." Harvard Business School Module Note 323-096, March 2023. (Revised March 2025.)
- November 2023 (Revised December 2023)
- Background Note
Talent Incubator Rankings
By: Boris Groysberg and Sarah L. Abbott
In 2023, The Official Board surveyed 853 executives on the topic of talent incubators/academy companies. Executives were asked to list the top three academy companies within their function, industry, and country. They were also asked: what practices differentiate these... View Details
Keywords: Talent Development And Retention; Hiring; Performance Management; Human Resource Management; Human Capital; Human Resources; Performance; Talent and Talent Management; Organizational Culture
Groysberg, Boris, and Sarah L. Abbott. "Talent Incubator Rankings." Harvard Business School Background Note 424-038, November 2023. (Revised December 2023.)
- April 1999
- Teaching Note
Finding New Markets for New and Disruptive Technologies: Managing Innovation, Overview Teaching Note for Module 2
By: Clayton M. Christensen
Provides instructors with an overview teaching note for the second module of the Managing Innovation course in which students explore the challenges and methods for defining and creating new markets for new technologies. In addition to summarizing each of the cases... View Details
- November 2010
- Article
The Strategy Research Initiative: Recognizing and Encouraging High-quality Research in Strategy
By: Joanne E. Oxley, Jan Rivkin, Michael D. Ryall and the Strategy Research Initiative
The Strategy Research Initiative—a cross-disciplinary group of mid-career, research-oriented faculty—has organized to coordinate activities that promote high-quality research in the field of strategy. This editorial essay summarizes the group's view of the... View Details
Oxley, Joanne E., Jan Rivkin, Michael D. Ryall, and the Strategy Research Initiative. "The Strategy Research Initiative: Recognizing and Encouraging High-quality Research in Strategy." Strategic Organization 8, no. 4 (November 2010).
- January 2006
- Case
Negotiating for the Motion Picture Association of America and the Motion Picture Association: Jack Valenti (A)
By: James K. Sebenius, Ellen Knebel and Erin Egan
Summarizes the background and career highlights of Jack Valenti, longtime head of the Motion Picture Association of America and the Motion Picture Association. Sets up three difficult negotiation challenges facing Valenti over a rating system for movies, the financial... View Details
Keywords: Decision Making; Film Entertainment; Television Entertainment; Negotiation; Problems and Challenges; United States
Sebenius, James K., Ellen Knebel, and Erin Egan. "Negotiating for the Motion Picture Association of America and the Motion Picture Association: Jack Valenti (A)." Harvard Business School Case 906-025, January 2006.
- November 2011
- Compilation
VCPE Strategy Vignettes: 2012
By: Josh Lerner, Felda Hardymon, Matthew Rhodes-Kropf, Ann Leamon and Lisa Strope
This compilation of five vignettes depicts common challenges confronting venture capital and leveraged buyout groups. They range from when to deviate from a strategy and how to manage an inept but well-connected executive to equity splits among founders and whether to... View Details
Keywords: Strategy
Lerner, Josh, Felda Hardymon, Matthew Rhodes-Kropf, Ann Leamon, and Lisa Strope. "VCPE Strategy Vignettes: 2012." Harvard Business School Compilation 812-073, November 2011.
- June 2011 (Revised August 2011)
- Background Note
China and the Yuan-Dollar Exchange Rate
By: Aldo Musacchio
This note explains how the People's Bank of China (PBOC) manages (some say manipulate) the dollar-yuan exchange rate. It discusses briefly the process of sterilization in China and the possible costs for the PBOC. Therefore, the note summarizes some of the main... View Details
Musacchio, Aldo. "China and the Yuan-Dollar Exchange Rate." Harvard Business School Background Note 711-110, June 2011. (Revised August 2011.)
- February 1986 (Revised June 1988)
- Supplement
Donna Dubinsky and Apple Computer, Inc. (E)
Presents a description of two management style assessment questionnaires that were completed by Donna Dubinsky: the Influence Style Questionnaire and the Leadership Practices Inventory. Dubinsky's results are summarized and presented in two exhibit graphs. This data... View Details
Jick, Todd D. "Donna Dubinsky and Apple Computer, Inc. (E)." Harvard Business School Supplement 486-087, February 1986. (Revised June 1988.)
- March 2015
- Article
Institutional Theory and the Natural Environment: Research in (and on) the Anthropocene
By: Andrew J. Hoffman and P. Devereaux Jennings
This review article summarizes the main tenets of institutional theory as they apply to the topic of the Anthropocene in the domain of organization and the natural environment. But our review is distinctive for two reasons: First, it is focused on providing avenues... View Details
Hoffman, Andrew J., and P. Devereaux Jennings. "Institutional Theory and the Natural Environment: Research in (and on) the Anthropocene." Special Issue on Review of the Literature on Organizations and Natural Environment: From the Past to the Future edited by Stephanie Bertels and Frances Bowen. Organization & Environment 28, no. 1 (March 2015): 8–31.
- September 2023 (Revised January 2024)
- Case
AI21 Labs in 2023: Strategy for Generative AI
By: David Yoffie, Orna Dan and Elena Corsi
Israeli generative artificial intelligence company AI21 Labs was founded in 2017 to realize the vision of true machine intelligence. It sought to reinvent writing and reading and in 2020 it launched Wordtune, an app using GenAI software to offer alternate text... View Details
Keywords: Decision Making; AI and Machine Learning; Innovation Strategy; Growth and Development Strategy; Applications and Software; Competitive Strategy; Technology Industry; Israel
Yoffie, David, Orna Dan, and Elena Corsi. "AI21 Labs in 2023: Strategy for Generative AI." Harvard Business School Case 724-383, September 2023. (Revised January 2024.)
- Article
Update on E-liability Accounting
By: Robert Kaplan, Karthik Ramanna and Piyush Jha
Since publication of the original E-liability carbon accounting paper (HBR, Nov 2021), we created the E-liability Institute to help companies, governments, and nonprofits implement the method. The Institute’s mission is to test and validate the method, and develop... View Details
Keywords: Decarbonization; Carbon Footprint; Supply Chain; Environmental Sustainability; Environmental Accounting
Kaplan, Robert, Karthik Ramanna, and Piyush Jha. "Update on E-liability Accounting." Accountability in a Sustainable World Quarterly, no. 4 (September 2023): 96–117.
- January 2003 (Revised January 2008)
- Case
The British Motorcycle Industry at a Crossroads
By: Jan W. Rivkin
By 1975, the collapse of the British motorcycle industry is nearly complete. Only one British manufacturer, NVT, remains in operation. In this setting, the British government commissions the Boston Consulting Group to identify and evaluate strategic alternatives for... View Details
Keywords: Cost; Industry Structures; Business and Government Relations; Mathematical Methods; Competition; Consulting Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Motorcycle Industry; Great Britain
Rivkin, Jan W. "The British Motorcycle Industry at a Crossroads." Harvard Business School Case 703-031, January 2003. (Revised January 2008.)
- February 1996 (Revised April 2004)
- Case
Eli Lilly and Company: Innovation in Diabetes Care
By: Clayton M. Christensen
Summarizes Eli Lilly's history of innovation in its business, describing how the dimensions along which innovations have been made in the industry have changed. Lilly's innovation strategy has been to pursue ever higher performance products, while others in the... View Details
Keywords: Change; Product; Service Delivery; Product Development; Innovation and Management; Innovation Strategy; Health Care and Treatment; Pharmaceutical Industry
Christensen, Clayton M. "Eli Lilly and Company: Innovation in Diabetes Care." Harvard Business School Case 696-077, February 1996. (Revised April 2004.)
- May 1992 (Revised May 1993)
- Supplement
Jan Carlzon: CEO at SAS (B)
Summarizes Carlzon's new focus externally on building alliances and acquiring travel service companies. Describes the financial problems resulting from the recession and the Gulf War crisis. Designed as an in-class handout to highlight the long-term management... View Details
Keywords: Acquisition; Financial Crisis; Problems and Challenges; Planning; Leadership; Alliances; Strategy; Air Transportation Industry
Bartlett, Christopher A. "Jan Carlzon: CEO at SAS (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 392-150, May 1992. (Revised May 1993.)