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  • February 2024 (Revised April 2024)
  • Case

Uniswap: Fighting a Vampire Attack (A)

By: Shikhar Ghosh, Shweta Bagai and Liang Wu
This is the first of a three-case series that explores the challenges faced by Uniswap, a key player in the decentralized finance (DeFi) sector. Founded by Hayden Adams, the case traces Uniswap's rapid growth from a simple idea inspired by a Reddit post to becoming one... View Details
Keywords: Blockchain; Cryptocurrency; Crypto Economy; Community; Decentralization; Decentralized Exchange; Decentralized Finance; Open Platforms; Open-source Innovation; Market Distruption; Stablecoin; Vampire Attack; Web3; Token; Digital Platforms; Entrepreneurship; Governance; Technological Innovation; Competitive Strategy; Financial Liquidity; Financial Services Industry; Technology Industry; United States
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  • January 2001
  • Background Note

Online Brokers

By: Thomas R. Eisenmann and Alastair Brown
Describes online brokers, companies that use the Internet to help clients identify prospective trading partners and sometimes help their clients complete transactions. First, summarizes the various ways that online brokers create value for their clients. Then analyzes... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Web Services Industry
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  • June 2012 (Revised August 2012)
  • Case

MF Global: Where's the Money?

By: Clayton S. Rose, Pamela Chan and Raghav Chopra
When MF Global failed in October of 2011, it was discovered that $1.6 billion of segregated customer assets was missing. Safeguarding these assets was the firm's responsibility, and in the words of one SEC official, its "sacred obligation." What is known about the... View Details
Keywords: Financial Firms; Customer Obligations; Bankruptcy; Regulation; Financial Crisis; Brokerage; Asset Management; Ethics; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Financial Management; Crisis Management; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Financial Services Industry
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  • 19 May 2014
  • Research & Ideas

Why Companies Should Compete for Your Privacy

the second. The firm's strategy consists of choosing what level of disclosure to engage in and how to price the service to consumers. These choices reflect the two revenue sources available to the firm, disclosure revenues and price revenues, and there is a View Details
Keywords: by Dina Gerdeman; Consumer Products
  • July 2021 (Revised October 2023)
  • Case

K.C. Li: The Tungsten King

By: Geoffrey Jones and Casey Verkamp
This case examines the business career of Kuo-Ching Li, who was born in China in 1892, and built a successful minerals trading business called Wah Chang in the United States during the interwar years. He acquired a prominent role in tungsten, the strongest natural... View Details
Keywords: Immigration Acts; Racial Bias; Globalization; Government and Politics; Business History; Entrepreneurship; Business and Government Relations; Mining Industry; China; United States; Latin America
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  • 09 Sep 2011
  • Working Paper Summaries

Quantity vs. Quality: Exclusion by Platforms with Network Effects

Keywords: by Andrei Hagiu; Technology
  • January 2025 (Revised April 2025)
  • Case

Doing Business in Cairo: Navigating a Path to Economic Resilience

By: A. Zelleke and Ahmed Dahawy
Egypt has long been a pivotal force in the Middle East and North Africa. Located at a crossroads of global trade routes, the country was a strategic partner for numerous regional and global powers. However, a substantial currency devaluation in 2016 brought many... View Details
Keywords: Business; Developing Countries and Economies; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Inflation and Deflation; Macroeconomics; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Globalized Economies and Regions; International Relations; Emerging Markets; Risk and Uncertainty; Culture; Economy; Country; Currency; Investment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Egypt
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  • 2023
  • Working Paper

State Employment as a Strategy of Autocratic Control in China

By: Jaya Y. Wen
This paper presents evidence that autocrats use state-owned firms to strategically pacify social unrest via employment provision, a role that may contribute to their favorable treatment and persistence across settings. I use variation in a regional conflict between... View Details
Keywords: State Ownership; Employment; Government and Politics; Conflict Management; China
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  • April 2005
  • Case

FBI: Mission Extended

Following the bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993, there was consensus that the FBI needed to make organizational changes. The FBI had long distinguished itself as the world's pre-eminent organization for conducting after-the-fact investigations that laid the... View Details
Keywords: Organizational Change and Adaptation; Law Enforcement; United States
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  • January 2025
  • Case

Index and Active Investing: Vanguard and the New Frontier of Active ETFs

By: Marco Sammon, Luis M. Viceira and Jonathan Kanagasabai
This case explores Vanguard’s strategic decision-making process as it considers entering the growing market for actively managed exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Set in 2024, the case places students in the position of Rodney Comegys, Vanguard’s global head of the Equity... View Details
Keywords: Asset Management; Financial Strategy; Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Financial Services Industry
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  • February 1997
  • Case

Archer Daniels Midland: Direction and Strategy

By: Ray A. Goldberg and Thomas N. Urban Jr
Sets out the strategy and competitive competencies of one of the leading grain trade and processing companies in the world. An overview of the company's innovations in corn and oilseed by-products is provided. The strategy of the firm is to add by-products to corn,... View Details
Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Strategic Planning; Business Strategy; Value Creation; Food and Beverage Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry
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  • 22 Jul 2002
  • Research & Ideas

How Business Strategy Tamed the “Invisible Hand”

outcomes. Instead, in most lines of business—with the exception of a few commodities in which international trade had developed—firms had an incentive to remain small and to employ as little fixed capital as possible. It was in this era... View Details
Keywords: by Pankaj Ghemawat
  • 26 Jun 2012
  • First Look

First Look: June 26

facilitating social comparison among agents. Overall, the findings demonstrate the power of non-financial rewards to motivate agents in settings where there are limits to the use of financial incentives. Download the paper: http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/12-008.pdf... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • 28 Jun 2016
  • First Look

June 28, 2016

Economics Oliver Hart's Contributions to the Understanding of Strategic Alliances and Technology Licensing By: Lerner, Josh Abstract—No abstract available. Publisher's link: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50650 forthcoming... View Details
Keywords: Sean Silverthorne
  • Research Summary

Reinventing State Capitalism: Leviathan in Business, Brazil and Beyond

Part of the fear and misunderstanding of state capitalism in the post-Berlin Wall era stems from the fact that most observers see state-owned enterprises (SOEs) as inefficient soviet companies. In Reinventing State Capitalism: Leviathan in Business, Brazil and... View Details

Keywords: State Capitalism; State-owned Enterprises; Development Banks; State Ownership; Development Economics; Management; Energy Industry; Banking Industry; Brazil; China; Europe; Latin America; Asia
  • March 2003 (Revised March 2004)
  • Case

P&G Japan: The SK-II Globalization Project

By: Christopher A. Bartlett
Traces changes in P&G's international strategy and structure, culminating in Organization 2005, a reorganization that places strategic emphasis on product innovation rather than geographic expansion and shifts power from local subsidiary to global business management.... View Details
Keywords: Business Subsidiaries; Trade; Globalization; Global Strategy; Innovation Strategy; Business or Company Management; Beauty and Cosmetics Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Hong Kong; Japan; Taiwan; Europe
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  • March 2018
  • Case

Lufax: FinTech and the Transformation of Wealth Management in China

By: Christopher J. Malloy, Lauren H. Cohen and Anthony K. Woo
This case examines the rise and competitive positioning of Lufax, an online marketplace headquartered in Shanghai, China, and a pioneer in the origination and trading of financial assets. The company had grown at a remarkable rate, and was awarded “Trading Platform of... View Details
Keywords: Asset Management; Internet and the Web; Competitive Strategy; Situation or Environment; Product Positioning; Financial Services Industry; China
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  • May 2017
  • Teaching Note

Partners Group: Ain't No Mountain High Enough

By: Nori Gerardo Lietz
Partners Group (PG), a Swiss-based PE manager, initiated a series of strategic shifts and evolved from a predominately fund-of-funds manager into a large, multi-asset class PE firm focused on direct investments. PG was the first PE firm to go public in 2006. A number... View Details
Keywords: Business Model; Entrepreneurship; Management Practices and Processes; Private Equity
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  • July 2006 (Revised March 2008)
  • Case

Changan Automobile Co., Ltd.

By: Dennis Campbell and Donglin Xia
Chairman Yin Jiaxu must communicate that the company's extraordinary reported performance in 2002 reflects Changan's unique strategy within the competitive dynamics of China's automobile industry. Changan's 2002 annual report demonstrated an extraordinary level of... View Details
Keywords: Financial Reporting; Ethics; Corporate Disclosure; Media; Business and Shareholder Relations; Auto Industry; China
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  • 15 Oct 2007
  • Research & Ideas

Businesses Beware: The World Is Not Flat

administrative/political (laws, trading blocs, colonial ties, currency, etc.), geographic (physical distance, lack of land border, time zones, climates, etc.), and economic (income levels, cost of natural resources, financial resources,... View Details
Keywords: by Martha Lagace

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